【立體設(shè)計】高考英語 Unit1 Friendship課件 新人教版必修1(課標(biāo)通用)
高考總復(fù)習(xí)一輪用書立體設(shè)計走進(jìn)新課堂英英 語語必修1Unit1 Friendship話題:1.Friends and friendship(朋友和友誼)2.Interpersonal relationships(人際關(guān)系)功能:Agreement and disagreement(同意和不同意)語法:Direct Speech and Indirect Speech():statements and questions直接引語和間接引語(1):陳述句和疑問句課程解讀課程解讀重點(diǎn)單詞:add,upset,ignore,calm,concern,loose,series,outdoors,purpose,thunder,entirely,power,curtain,suffer,recover,exactly,grateful,disagree,settle,pack重點(diǎn)短語:add up,calm(.) down,have got to,be concerned about,go through,set down,a series of,on purpose,in order to,at dusk, face to face,no longer/not.any longer, get/be rid of, get along with,suffer from,fall in love (with sb.),join in課程解讀課程解讀重點(diǎn)句型:1.While walking the dog,you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.2.I wonder if its because that I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.3.It was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face.4.Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on. 課程解讀課程解讀要點(diǎn)一:重點(diǎn)單詞1.upset adj.心煩意亂的;不適的;不舒服的 vt.(upsettingupsetupset)使苦惱,使不安;攪亂,打亂;使腸胃不適;弄翻;打翻知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)歸納拓展(1)be upset about/over/at sth.為某事煩心(2)(sth.)upset sb.(某事)使某人心煩意亂(sb.)upset sth.(某人)打/弄翻某物upset a plan打亂計劃upset ones stomach使(腸胃)不適知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)Theres no point getting upset about it.犯不著為此事難過。The sudden change of the weather upset our plan.天氣突變打亂了我們的計劃。Eating fish sometimes upsets my stomach.有時吃魚讓我的胃很不舒服。It upset him that nobody had bothered to tell him about it.讓他不高興的是,誰也沒把這件事告訴他。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】The protesters_the meeting by shouting and throwing stones at the windows.A.attendedB.heldC.upsetD.mixed知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)【解析】考查動詞辨析。句意為:抗議者們通過大喊和朝窗戶扔石頭的方式擾亂了會議。attend“參加”;hold“舉行”;upset“擾亂,打亂”;mix“混合”,根據(jù)句意可知正確答案為C項(xiàng)。【答案】C知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)2.ignore vt. 不理睬;不顧;忽視歸納拓展(1)ignore sb./sth.不理睬某人/不知道某事(2)ignorance n. 無知,愚昧;(對某事)缺乏認(rèn)識be in ignorance of/about sth.不知道某事(3)ignorant adj. 無知的,愚昧的;沒有學(xué)識的be ignorant of/about sth.不知道某事/對某事無知be ignorant that.不知道知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)He ignores the doctors advice and goes on smoking.他不顧醫(yī)生的勸告而繼續(xù)吸煙。I tried to tell her but she ignored me.我打算告訴她,可是她不理我。Hes completely ignorant about modern technology.他對現(xiàn)代科技一無所知。He is in ignorance of Latin.=He is ignorant of Latin.他不懂拉丁文。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】The best way to deal with an impolite person is to_him.A.ignoreB.neglectC.omitD.overlook【解析】 ignore sb.“不理睬某人”,符合題意。neglect “忽略”;omit “省略”;overlook “忽略”?!敬鸢浮緼知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)3.concern(1)vt.與有關(guān),涉及;使擔(dān)心(不能用于進(jìn)行時,但可以用于被動語態(tài))It is hoped that the department concerned must deal with the matter immediately.希望有關(guān)部門立刻處理此事。(2)n.U關(guān)心;擔(dān)憂;C關(guān)心的人(或)事The government expressed their concern for the life of the laid-off workers.政府表達(dá)了他們對下崗工人生活的關(guān)心。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)歸納拓展(1)concern oneself with/in從事,參與,干涉concern oneself about/for.擔(dān)憂,關(guān)心concern sb./sth.與有關(guān);關(guān)系著(2)concerned adj.關(guān)心的,掛念的;有關(guān)的(用作此義時,不用于名詞前)as/so far as.be concerned就而言,關(guān)于,至于be concerned with/in與有關(guān)的,涉及到be concerned about/for關(guān)心,掛念(3)feel/show concern about/for.擔(dān)心,掛念知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)He doesnt concern himself with politics.他不關(guān)心政治。Rescuers were concerned about the safety of the men trapped in the quake-stricken area.救援者們擔(dān)心困在地震災(zāi)區(qū)的人們的安全。She showed great concern about you.她很為你擔(dān)心。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】Every Chinese was _ the 16th Asian Games _ in Guangzhou.A.concerning about;to be heldB.concerned about;to holdC.concerning about;to holdD.concerned about;held 知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)【解析】空一考查be concerned about “關(guān)心;掛念”;空二考查過去分詞作定語,廣州舉辦第16屆亞運(yùn)會是過去發(fā)生的事情,因此用held作后置定語,故選D。【答案】D知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn) _ English is concerned,he is the best in our class.A.AsB.As soon asC.As far asD.Now that【解析】as/so far as.be concerned意為“就而言”,故選C。句意為:就英語而言,他是我們班成績最好的。【答案】C知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)4.suffer(1)vi.患病,受折磨;受痛苦。常用suffer from結(jié)構(gòu)。suffer fromcold and hunger遭受著饑寒the loss of memory患了失憶癥a bad stomachache胃疼知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)(2)vt.遭受、經(jīng)歷、忍受不愉快之事suffer(=experience)pain/hardship經(jīng)歷痛苦/困難defeat/loss/punishment遭受失敗/損失/懲罰(3)sufferer n.患病者,受苦者suffering n.(指肉體或精神上遭受的)痛苦,疼痛知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)She has been suffering from loss of memory since she had that car accident.那次車禍后她患了失憶癥。He suffered a great deal from headaches.他頭痛得厲害。Though he is only 15,he suffers much pain.盡管他才15歲,卻遭受了很多痛苦。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】Now there are still some people in the west of China _ poverty.A.sufferedB.suffered fromC.sufferingD.suffering from【解析】suffer作及物動詞時,意為“遭受,蒙受,經(jīng)歷”,后常跟pain/loss/defeat及表示疾病的名詞。suffer作不及物動詞時,意為“受折磨”,常與from構(gòu)成短語。此處是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語,意為“在中國的西部仍然有很多人處于貧困之中”。【答案】D知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)The new plant cannot_the cold weather,so the researchers are trying to deal with it.A.suffer forB.sufferC.long forD.suffer from【解析】此處表示“耐受寒冷天氣”,故應(yīng)用 suffer。long for 意為“盼望”;suffer from意為“忍受來自的痛苦”。【答案】B知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)5.disagree v.不同意;不一致歸納拓展(1)disagree with sb.about/on sth.與持不同意見disagree with sb.(尤指食物)使(某人)不舒服disagree with (doing) sth.不贊成(做)某事(2)disagree 的反義詞是 agree,二者用法相近。agree with同意;(氣候、食物等)適合某人agree to.贊成;同意計劃、建議或條件等agree on.就取得一致意見和看法知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)(3)disagree 與 agree 的名詞形式分別為:disagreement,agreementarrive at/come to/reach/make/conclude an agreement 達(dá)成協(xié)議;取得一致意見keep to/stick to an agreement 履行、遵守協(xié)議break an agreement 違背協(xié)議知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)I disagree with you about this.在這一點(diǎn)上我和你意見不一致。Strawberries disagree with me.我一吃草莓就不舒服。I am in total disagreement with you as to the value of your plan.對于你計劃的價值我的看法與你的完全兩樣。They have agreed to my suggestion about the holiday.他們已同意了我關(guān)于度假的建議。They have made an agreement about the plan.他們在這個計劃上達(dá)成了一致。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】Husbands sometimes disagree _ wives _ how much pocket money should be given to their children every week. A.to; atB.with; onC.in; overD.through; about【解析】考查動詞disagree的用法。disagree with sb. about/on/over sth.“在方面與某人意見不一致”,為固定搭配。句意為:每周應(yīng)該給孩子多少零用錢,丈夫有時和妻子在這一問題上有分歧?!敬鸢浮緽知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)An agreement_by the villagers_the manager of that company.A new car factory will soon be set up.A.has been made;toB.has been signed;withC.has asked;afterD.was signed;at【解析】sign an agreement意思是“簽署協(xié)議”,為固定搭配。表示“與某人簽署協(xié)議”,用sign an agreement with sb.?!敬鸢浮緽知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)二:重點(diǎn)短語與句型1.add up 合計歸納拓展(1)add.to.加;往里添加add to增加add.in.把加進(jìn)去;包括add up to總計為;總數(shù)達(dá)(不用于被動語態(tài))add that.補(bǔ)充說(2)addition n.加法;增加;增添in addition另外;加之in addition to此外;除之外知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)Please add up and see how much money we can get.把這些數(shù)字加起來,看我們能賺多少錢。The numbers add up to exactly 100.這些數(shù)字的總數(shù)恰好是100。The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather added to the helplessness of the crew at sea.輪船的引擎失靈了,糟糕的天氣更增加了海上船員的無助。Remember to add in the cost of drinks.記得把飲料費(fèi)加進(jìn)去 知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】Now there is no time left for_new stories because the time for printing has come.A.addingB.adding upC.adding up toD.adding to 【解析】考查動詞add及其相關(guān)短語。句意為:現(xiàn)在沒有時間再添加新故事了,因?yàn)榈接∷⒌臅r間了。add“增加,增添”,符合題意。短語add to也是“增添,增加”之意,但后面常接抽象名詞,如difficulty,pleasure等。【答案】A知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)I cant believe it!The money John spent within a month_more than 10,000 dollars.A.added B.added toC.added up toD.was added up【解析】add up to意為“共計,總計”,符合題意。【答案】C知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)2.get along with與相處;進(jìn)展(=get on with)get along/on with sb.同某人相處get along/on with sth.某事進(jìn)展/進(jìn)行All the students in this class are getting along/on with each other very well.這個班級的同學(xué)們相處很融洽。How is he getting along/on with his French?他的法語進(jìn)展如何?注意:當(dāng)表示相處融洽、進(jìn)展順利時,可以在along或on后面加上well,nicely,fine等副詞來修飾。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)歸納拓展get across使通過,使理解/明白get around/about(消息)傳開;旅行g(shù)et away from擺脫;離開get down to開始著手做get in收割;到達(dá)get on上車get off下車get over克服,擺脫get rid of除去get together聚會,聯(lián)歡知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】Mr.Wang is a person who is easy _.A.to get along withB.to get alongC.to be gotten alongD.getting along with【解析】考查get along with的用法。在定語從句中,介詞with和主語構(gòu)成介賓關(guān)系,此處用動詞不定式的主動形式表示被動意義?!敬鸢浮緼知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)With her help I can_quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.A.get overB.get inC.get alongD.get through【解析】get along/on其后加well,nicely,badly等表示同某人相處得(不)好;某事進(jìn)展得(不)順利。【答案】C知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)3.go through(1)=experience 經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)受(2)=study or examine closely 仔細(xì)檢查(3)=use up or get through 用完;做完(4)=read through 瀏覽,查閱(5)=pass(through)/get through 通過;經(jīng)過知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)歸納拓展get through 穿過,(被)通過;完成;(電話)接通pass through 走過,路過live through 經(jīng)歷look through 瀏覽;仔細(xì)查看,看穿pull through(大病,手術(shù)后)康復(fù)注意:與 through 有關(guān)的短語都有“從開始到結(jié)束,從頭至尾”的含義。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)They went through one hardship after another.他們經(jīng)歷了一個又一個的磨難。In less than 6 months,he went through his savings of a lifetime.不到6個月他就把一生的積蓄花光了。I am used to going through newspapers after supper.我習(xí)慣晚飯后看會兒報紙。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】Those who have _ floods and sandstorms know the importance of environmental protection.A.gone throughB.gone overC.gone acrossD.gone down【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意為:那些經(jīng)歷過洪水和沙塵暴的人們知道環(huán)境保護(hù)的重要性。go through 此處表示“經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)受”,符合語境。go over “復(fù)習(xí)”;沒有g(shù)o across這一搭配;go down “下去,下沉”。【答案】A知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)He was disappointed that his plan did not_at the meeting.A.go onB.go offC.go throughD.go out【解析】go on“繼續(xù)進(jìn)行”;go off“離開;爆炸”;go through“經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)過”,在此句中意為“(法律、議案、建議等)被通過”。go out“出去;熄滅”?!敬鸢浮緾知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)4.join in參加,加入同類辨析join,join in,take part in,attend與participate(1)join表示“加入黨派、組織、社團(tuán)、俱樂部”等某一組織或團(tuán)體并成為其中一員,如join the army/club參軍/加入俱樂部。(2)join in表示“參加正進(jìn)行的某項(xiàng)活動”,亦可說join sb.in (doing) sth.,表示“加入某人一起做某事”。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)(3)take part in表示“參加會議或者群眾性活動”,側(cè)重說明主語參加并發(fā)揮一定作用,part前若有修飾語,則要加不定冠詞,如take (an active) part in a party/school activities (積極)參加聚會/學(xué)?;顒印#?)attend表示“出席或參加會議、儀式、婚禮、葬禮、典禮;上課、上學(xué)、聽報告”,為正式用語。(5)participate為正式用語,和介詞in連用,表示積極地參與。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)My brother joined the army three years ago.三年前,我弟弟參軍了。I invite him to join us in the argument between us.我邀請他參加我們的辯論。How many countries took part in the 16th Asian Games in Guangzhou?有多少國家參加了第16屆廣州亞運(yùn)會?知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)Well attend an important meeting tomorrow.我們明天將參加一個重要會議。We want to encourage students to participate fully in the running of the college.我們想鼓勵學(xué)生完全參與學(xué)院的管理工作。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】用 join,join in,take part in,attend 填空At the age of eight,he_a group of child dancers.The children_the English Evening and had a good time.He didnt_school yesterday because of illness.Zhou Enlai_the student movements actively when he was at school.【答案】joined joined in attend took part in知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)5.While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗時,你太粗心,狗一松就被車撞上了。(1)在本句中While walking.等同于While you were walking.。(2)狀語從句構(gòu)成省略的條件:當(dāng)時間、條件或讓步狀語從句中的主語同主句主語一致或從句主語為it且從句的謂語動詞有be (am/is/are/was/were)時,從句的主語和系動詞be可以省略。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn) (3)類似的連詞還有:when, though, as, if, unless等。While (he was) working, he stopped to talk with me at times工作的時候,他不時地停下來和我說話。Unless (it is) repaired, the machine is of no use.這臺機(jī)器如不修便毫無用處。The women teacher left the classroom silently as though (she was) angry.這位女教師一言不發(fā)地離開教室,好像生氣了。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)誘導(dǎo)展望如果主從句的主語不一致,從句不能用省略形式,而應(yīng)使用狀語從句的完整形式。例如:When the driver saw the stone, he stopped the car.【正】當(dāng)司機(jī)看到石頭時把車停下了。When seeing the stone, the driver stopped the car. 【正】When seeing the stone, the car stopped.【誤】知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】Drivers are warned that it is dangerous to talk on the phone while _.A.driveB.drivingC.droveD.to drive【解析】考查省略。當(dāng)主從句的主語一致,且從句的謂語動詞有be的形式時,可省略從句中的主語和be動詞。此處的 while driving相當(dāng)于while they are driving。 【答案】B知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)6.I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do.我不愿像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水賬as引導(dǎo)的從句為方式狀語從句,意為“像大多數(shù)人那么做”。as用作連詞,可引導(dǎo)下列狀語從句:(1)時間狀語從句,強(qiáng)調(diào)主句謂語動作與從句謂語動作的同時性。(2)讓步狀語從句,意為“盡管,雖然,即使”。(3)方式狀語從句,意為“以方式”。(4)原因狀語從句(=since/because),意為“由于,因?yàn)椤?。?)比較狀語從句。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)注意:(1)as引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句,應(yīng)放在主句之后,意為“正如;如同;好像”。(2)as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,一般放在主句前面,需用倒裝語序:從句中的表語、狀語或動詞原形置于句首;若表語是名詞,前置時要省略冠詞。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)(3)as作關(guān)系代詞,既可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,指代主句所表達(dá)的整個意思。as 引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,用于先行詞前有such或the same 修飾時,as 在從句中作主語、賓語或表語。as 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,既可在主句前,又可在主句后,有時還可插入句中指代整個主句的內(nèi)容,而不是主句中的一個詞。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.(引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句)隨著他變老,除了園藝,他對一切都失去了興趣。Young as I am,I already know what career I want to follow.(引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)盡管很年輕,我已經(jīng)知道我要追求什么樣的事業(yè)。Why didnt you catch the last bus as I told you to?(引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句)你為什么沒照我說的那樣趕上最后一班公交車?知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)As you werent there,I left a message.(引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句)你不在那兒,所以我留了個口信。He was conscious,as could be judged from his eyes.(引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句)他是有意識的,這從他的眼神里可以判斷出來。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】How are you doing all these years, Jim?Nothing new. Everything is going on _ it was ten years ago.A.asB.whileC.whenD.where【解析】as it was ten years ago “像十年前的樣子”。as 在此引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。【答案】A知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)All morning_she waited for the medical report from the doctor,her nervousness grew.A.whileB.whenC.asD.before【解析】此處用 as 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,強(qiáng)調(diào)主句謂語動作與從句謂語動作的同時性?!敬鸢浮緾知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn) _ ,he does get annoyed with her sometimes.A.Although much he likes herB.Much although he likes herC.As he likes her muchD.Much as he likes her【解析】考查as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句要用倒裝形式。although在引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的時候,句子不倒裝,though引導(dǎo)的句子可倒裝可不倒裝,as引導(dǎo)的句子一定要倒裝。Although/Though he likes her very much.=Much though he likes her.=Much as he likes her.?!敬鸢浮緿知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)7.Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.媽媽問她穿那么多衣服是不是很熱。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)歸納拓展(1)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)with+賓語+分詞doing表主動或正在進(jìn)行done表被動或完成介詞短語形容詞/副詞/名詞動詞不定式to do主語做to be done讓別人做(2)“介詞with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中通常作狀語,表示時間、伴隨、行為方式、原因或條件等,另外,該結(jié)構(gòu)也可以作后置定語。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)She ran and ran with beads of sweat running down her face.她不停地跑,汗珠順著臉流了下來。With all the things she needed bought,she went home happily.買了需要的所有東西后,她高興地回家了。He often sleeps with the windows open.他經(jīng)常開著窗戶睡覺。The young mother came downstairs with her baby boy in her arms.What a lovely picture!年輕的母親懷抱男嬰走下樓梯,這是多么美好的一幅畫面啊!With nothing to do,Tom sleeps at home.由于無事可做,湯姆在家睡覺。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】They usually give the show in the open,with the villagers_on benches,chairs or simply stones.A.having seatedB.seatingC.seatedD.being seated【解析】考查“with+n.+非謂語動詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。with the villagers.在此處作伴隨狀語,表示狀態(tài)。seat的用法為seat sb.或sb. be seated,故選C項(xiàng)?!敬鸢浮緾知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)_only 20 minutes to go before the train left,I felt uneasy in the taxi to the railway station.A.ForB.WithC.AsD.Because【解析】此處考查“with+名詞+動詞不定式”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。for,as,because均可表示原因,后面跟從句,用在本題中不合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。【答案】B知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)三:語法直接引語和間接引語(一)直接引述別人的原話叫直接引語。用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話叫間接引語。間接引語在多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成賓語從句。直接引語一般前后要加引號,間接引語不用加引號。一、把直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時需要注意以下變化:1.主句謂語動詞的變化(1)直接引語是陳述句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時,主句的謂語動詞部分said to sb.要變?yōu)閠old sb.。(2)直接引語是一般疑問句或特殊疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時,主句的謂語動詞said要變?yōu)閍sked。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)2.從句語序的變化直接引語是一般疑問句或特殊疑問句時,變?yōu)殚g接引語要把疑問句語序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序。3.從句時態(tài)的變化主句的謂語動詞是過去時,變?yōu)殚g接引語一般應(yīng)將直接引語的時態(tài)作如下變化:一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時一般過去時過去完成時過去完成時過去完成時一般將來時過去將來時知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)4.從句人稱的變化直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,需要根據(jù)主句對從句中的代詞作相應(yīng)的變化。(1)直接引語是第一人稱時,變?yōu)殚g接引語代詞要和主句的主語的人稱一致。(2)直接引語是第二人稱時,變?yōu)殚g接引語代詞要和主句的賓語的人稱一致。(3)直接引語是第三人稱時,變?yōu)殚g接引語代詞的人稱不變。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)5.從句時間狀語的變化(1)與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)的時間狀語now現(xiàn)在then當(dāng)時,那時today今天that day那天tonight今晚that night那天晚上this morning今天早上that morning那天早上知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)(2)與將來有關(guān)的時間狀語tomorrow明天the next (following) day第二天next week下周the next week第二周the day after tomorrow后天in two days time/two days later兩天后(3)與過去有關(guān)的時間狀語yesterday昨天the day before前一天last night昨晚the night before前一晚last week上周the week before前一周知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)6.指示代詞和動詞的變化this這that那these這些those那些come來go去bring帶來take拿走7.地點(diǎn)副詞的變化here這里there那里二、把直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,還應(yīng)注意以下特殊情況:1.句型變化的特殊情況(1)直接引語為陳述句時,下列情況中的that不可省略:當(dāng)賓語從句作直接賓語時當(dāng)賓語從句置于主句狀語之后時當(dāng)兩個或兩個以上的賓語從句并列時,僅能省略第一個that,其余的不可省略知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)(2)直接引語為一般(或反意)疑問句時,變?yōu)殚g接引語時,賓語從句由whether或if引導(dǎo)。在大多數(shù)情況下,whether與if可以互換。但當(dāng)后面有or not或是放在不定式前面或介詞后面作連接詞時,一般用whether。選擇疑問句只能用whether。(3)直接引語是祈使句時,常變?yōu)閍sk/tell/order sb.to do sth.句型。若是以let開頭的祈使句,則通常變?yōu)閟uggest doing或suggest+that從句。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)2.時態(tài)變化的特殊情況(1)若直接引語表示客觀真理、習(xí)慣性動作、諺語等時,則仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。(2)should,would,could,ought to,must,had better,would rather等情態(tài)動詞用于間接引語時保持不變。(3)直接引語中有明確的表示過去的時間狀語時,變間接引語時態(tài)不變。知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】Could you tell me_?A.what your name wasB.what is your nameC.what your name isD.how is your friend【解析】賓語從句應(yīng)使用陳述語序,且主句中的could不表過去時態(tài),而是表委婉語氣。【答案】C知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)She told Tom_make the same mistake again.A.he cantB.dont toC.to notD.not to【解析】tell sb.not to do sth.是tell sb.to do sth.的否定形式。【答案】D知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)After the examination,my teacher told me that failure_the mother of success.A.wasB.isC.beD.been【解析】表示“真理,事實(shí),諺語”的直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,時態(tài)不變,通常為一般現(xiàn)在時。【答案】B知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)My students asked me_I would go to Beijing by air the next year.A.that ifB.that whetherC.ifD.how【解析】主從句中僅有一個從句,that,if/whether都是連接詞,不能并用,可排除A、B項(xiàng)。又因?yàn)榫渲械腷y air已明確說出了方式,所以也不用how,可排除D,此處if引導(dǎo)賓語從句。【答案】C知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)I didnt tell him_A.how long I have marriedB.when I had been marriedC.how long I had marriedD.when I got married【解析】因?yàn)閙arry是短暫動詞,所以選項(xiàng)A、C表述錯誤。又因?yàn)閣hen引導(dǎo)的從句變間接引語時,從句的時態(tài)不變,不需要改為過去完成時,所以選D。【答案】D知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)知 識 與 要 點(diǎn)