unit1 what27s the matter知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)

p1whats the matter(with sb.)?（某人）發(fā)生了什么事例：Whats the matter with him? 他怎么了？He has a stomachache.他胃痛。在英語中，一部分表示身體部位的名詞加上ache（疼痛）可以構(gòu)成合成名詞。如:headache,toothache,stomachache,backache,earacheI have a sore back. 我背痛。sore為形容詞，意為“疼痛的；酸痛的”類似表示疼痛的短語：sore throat嗓子痛what has happened to sb.p2 You need to take breaks away from the computer. need to do sth.需要做某事 take breaks away from. 離開休息幾次 Should I take my temperature?我應(yīng)該量體溫么？ take ones temperature 給某人量體溫 例：The nurse took my tempature.那位護(hù)士給我量了體溫。 I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving. without doing sth.在沒有的情況下 I think you should lie down and rest.我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該躺下休息 1.lie(lay,lain,lying)此處意為“躺，臥” 例:Dont lie in bed all morning.不要一上午都躺在床上 2.lie撒謊，說謊 lie-lied-lied-lying謊言；假話【C】p3 At 9:00 a.m.yesterday,bus No.26 was going along.on the side of the road. 此處was going為過去進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 例：It was raining when we went home. At 9:00 a.m.yesterday.saw an old man lying on the side of the road. see sb. doing sth.看見某人正在做某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行 see sb. do sth.看見某人做某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的整個(gè)過程 He got off and asked the woman what happened. get off:下（汽車，火車，飛機(jī)等）后跟較大的交通工具 get on:登上（汽車，火車等）后跟較大的交通工具 get into:進(jìn)入（小汽車，出租車，電梯等）后跟較小的交通工具 get out of：從（小汽車，出租車，電梯，直升飛機(jī)等）下來，后跟較小的交通工具 happensth. happens to sb. /sth. 某人或某物發(fā)生某事 sb. happens to do sth. /It happens+that 某人碰巧。 Mr.Wang knew he had to act quickly.王先生知道他必須快點(diǎn)行動(dòng)。 have to 意為“必須，不得不”，后接動(dòng)詞原形have to:強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要，例：I have to tidy up the room.我不得不把房間弄整潔must:強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀上的必要性，例：I must tidy up the room.我必須把房間弄整潔區(qū)分have to和mustagree with:后面接“人”或“意見”，例：I agree with you.我同意你的看法。agree to:后面接“計(jì)劃”或“建議”，例：I agree to your plan.我同意你的計(jì)劃agree on:后面接“日期”或“條款”，例：They agree on this terms.他們同意了這些條款in time:及時(shí) Please hand in your homework in time.請及時(shí)交作業(yè)。on time:準(zhǔn)時(shí) The train starts on time.火車準(zhǔn)時(shí)開動(dòng)。thanks to:意為“由于；多虧；因?yàn)椤眛hanks for:意為“感謝你”也可以用“thank you(very much/a lot)for”P5 Put on a clean T-shirt. 穿上一件干凈的T恤衫。 put on:“穿（衣）；戴（帽）”，表動(dòng)作 wear:“穿（衣物）”，及物動(dòng)詞，表狀態(tài) dress：“（給）穿衣服”，作及物動(dòng)詞，賓語只能為人 （be）in:介詞，“穿著”，后面接表衣服的名詞或表示顏色的形容詞，表狀態(tài)。Be in=be dressed in told him to rest 叫他休息 tell sb. (not) to do“告訴某人（不要）做某事” Someone got hit on the head.某人頭部受到撞擊。 hit為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“打，打擊，擊中（某人或某物）” 例：The ball hit the window.那個(gè)球擊中了窗戶。 hit有時(shí)為不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“打擊；撞擊” 例：The ball hit against the wall.球撞到了墻上。 hit為名詞，意為“打；打擊；成功；紅極一時(shí)的人物或事物” 例：She become a hit at that time.他成了那時(shí)轟動(dòng)一時(shí)的人物。 Someone got hit on the head. get hit 相當(dāng)于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的be hit，意為“受到打擊；被打擊” 常見的類似短語有：get lost迷路；get married結(jié)婚；get dressed穿衣服；get sunburned曬傷P6 have problems breathing 呼吸困難 have problems (in) doing sth.“做某事有問題或困難”=have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 例：She has no problem (in) singing the song. breathe常作不及物動(dòng)詞，也可作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“呼吸”。 例：Its good to breathe fresh air. Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing.阿倫羅爾斯頓是一個(gè)對爬山感興趣的美國人。 此處who is interested in mountain climbing為定語從句，修飾名詞man，who為關(guān)系代詞。當(dāng)被修飾詞為人時(shí)，常用關(guān)系代詞who或what引導(dǎo)定語從句。 be interested in“對感興趣”，相當(dāng)于take interested in interested:“感興趣的”，主語為人 interesting:“引起興趣的；有趣的”，修飾物 As a mountain climber,Aron is used to taking risks.作為一名登山者，阿倫習(xí)慣于冒險(xiǎn)。 此處as為介詞，意為“作為；當(dāng)做” 例：He works in a hotel as a cook. 此處be used to意為“習(xí)慣于；適應(yīng)于.”，后可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。 例：He is used to getting up early.他習(xí)慣于早起。 take risks意為“冒險(xiǎn)”，相當(dāng)于take a risk. 例：You cant get rich without taking risks. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents.有許多次阿倫因?yàn)椋ㄒ馔猓┦鹿蕩缀跏ド?此處time為可數(shù)名詞，意為“次數(shù)”。 Because of:“因?yàn)椤?，介詞短語，后面接名詞或代詞。 Because:“因?yàn)椤保B詞，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。 He was not ready to die that day.他不愿那天就死去。 be ready to do sth. “準(zhǔn)備好了做事”，表示即將去做。 be ready for “為做準(zhǔn)備” die(died,died,dying)“死，死亡”。 die的形容詞形式為dead，名詞形式為death. So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm.因此他用刀子切除了他的一半右臂。 use sth to do sth“用某物做某事” His love for mountain climbing is so great that he keep on climbing mountains even after this experience.他對登山如此酷愛以至于即使這次經(jīng)歷之后他還繼續(xù)爬山。 Keep on doing sth “繼續(xù)做某事” Keep doing sth “繼續(xù)不停地做某事” Keep sb doing sth “是某人一直做某事” Keep sb from doing sth “阻止某人做某事” Experience用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“經(jīng)歷”P7 Aron loves mountain climbing and doesnt mind taking risks.阿倫喜歡爬山，不介意冒險(xiǎn)。 mind為動(dòng)詞，意為“介意；在乎”；后面可接動(dòng)詞作賓語，但不能跟動(dòng)詞不定式。 例：I am not mind at all. 我一點(diǎn)兒都不介意。 Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.阿倫在這次事故之后沒有放棄，如今他繼續(xù)爬山。 give up為“動(dòng)詞+副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語，意為“放棄”。 例：She wanted to give up math because it was too difficult.