職稱英語(yǔ) 理工A第1套 爭(zhēng)鋒軟件考前沖刺密卷

2014爭(zhēng)鋒軟件考前沖刺密卷（理工A 第1套/共2套）本試卷是爭(zhēng)鋒軟件教研專家組在2014年考前特意為學(xué)員朋友準(zhǔn)備的考前磨刀石，其重要程度絕不亞于考前押題。建議打印出來(lái)進(jìn)行作答?？记白詈髱滋靷淇挤桨福?月2425日：把考前押題當(dāng)做練習(xí)，認(rèn)真作答同時(shí)記憶。實(shí)在記不住的，也要最大程度加深印象（金牌保過(guò)版客戶，閱讀理解部分在自己作答之后，請(qǐng)結(jié)合軟件中“名師課堂-閱讀理解精講”課程進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)，以減輕學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)，增強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)效果）。3月2627日：閉卷作答沖刺密卷，然后認(rèn)真參照答案、解析、全文翻譯進(jìn)行仔細(xì)回顧，做到對(duì)每一個(gè)題、每一篇文章及翻譯都有深刻印象。強(qiáng)調(diào)沖刺密卷必須閉卷作答，就當(dāng)是在考試一樣，這樣印象才會(huì)深刻（不排除沖刺密卷中有考試題的可能性）。3月28日：（1）強(qiáng)化記憶考前押題 （2）把做過(guò)的沖刺密卷從頭到尾認(rèn)真看一遍再加深印象。使用字典排版方式的朋友，請(qǐng)熟悉每篇文章在排版中的位置，以便考試時(shí)能迅速查閱。幾天時(shí)間要做這么多題，掌握這么多內(nèi)容，可能確實(shí)有些難為大家了，知道大家工作都很辛苦，很忙，但是為了您能一次過(guò)關(guān)，請(qǐng)大家務(wù)必咬牙堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)持就是勝利！再苦再累也就幾天時(shí)間，請(qǐng)一定嚴(yán)格按以上要求進(jìn)行最后階段沖刺備考！加油！勝利一定屬于您！第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng) （第115題，每題1分，共15分）下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每一處劃線部分確定一個(gè)意思接近的選項(xiàng)。1.It Was hard to say why the man deserved such shabby treatment,A)unforgettable B)unbelievable C)unfair D)unthinkable2 .The curious look from the strangers around her mad her feel uneasy.A)difficult B)worried C)anxious D)unhappy3It is said that the houses along this street will soon be demolishedA)pulled down B)rebuilt C)renovated D)whitewashed4The advertising company was surprised by the adverse public reaction to the posterA)delayed B)quick C)positive D)unfavorable5He began his talk by giving a concise definition of post-modernismA)long and detailed B)short and clear C)comprehensive D)professional,6The staff of the company are always courteous and helpful.A)efficient B)respectable C)well-informed D)respectful7The new job will provide you with invaluable experienceA)simply useless B)really practical C)very little D)extremely useful8The whole idea to build a deluxe hotel here sounds insane to meA)reasonable B)sensible C)crazy D)unbelievable9In his two-hour-long lecture he made an exhaustive analysis of the issue。A) extremely thorough B) long and boring C)superficial D)unconvincing10We all think that the new device he has proposed is ingeniousA) effective B)clever C)implausible D)original11Reading the job ad, he wondered whether he was eligible to apply for itA)competitive B)diligent C)qualified D)competent12He impressed all his colleagues as a vigorous man in the prime of his careerA) hot-tempered B)healthy C)friendly D)patient13 Not all member states abided by the principle they had agreed on previouslyA)adhered to B)abandoned C) applied D)adopted14Examination papers of the class were marked without biasA)immediately B)correctly C)fairly D)carefully15. The instruction of the railway is said to have been terminatedA)resumed B)put an end to C)suspended D)re-schedule第2部分：閱讀判斷（第1622題，每題1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。Stage Fright Fall down as you come onstage. Thats an odd trick. Not recommended. But it saved the pianist Vlactimir Feltsman when he was a teenager back in Moscow. The veteran cellist Mstislav Rostropovich tripped him purposely to cure him of pre-performance panic,Mr. Feltsman said," All my fright was gone.l already fell. What else could happen?" Today,music schools are addressing the problem of anxiety in classes that deal with performance techniques and career preparation. There are a variety of strategies that musicians can learn to fight stage fright and its symptoms: icy fingers,shaky limbs,racing heart,blank mind. Teachers and psychologists offer wide-ranging advice,from basics like learning pieces inside out,to mental discipline,such as visualizing a performance and taking steps to relax. Dont deny that youre jittery,they urge; some excitement is natural,even necessary for dynamic playing. And play in public often,simply for the experience. Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests some strategies for the moments before performance. "Take two deep abdominal breaths,open up your shoulders,then smile," she says. " And not one of these please dont kill me smiles. Then choose three friendly faces in the audience,people you would communicate with and make music to,and make eye contact with them. " She doesnt want performers to think of the audience as a judge. Extreme demands by mentors or parents are often at the root of stage fright,says Dorothy Delay,a well-known violin teacher. She tells other teachers to demand only what their students are atole to achieve. When Lynn Harrell was 20,he became the principal cellist of the Cleverland Orchestra,and he suffered extreme stage fright. "There were times when I got so nervous.I was sure the audience could see my chest responding to the throbbing. It was just total panic. I came to a point where I thought,If I have to go through this to play music,l think Im going to look for another job. " Recovery,he said,involved developing humility - recognizing that whatever his talent,he was fallible,and that an imperfect concert was not a disaster. It is not only young artists who suffer,of course. The legendary pianist Vladimir Horowitzs nerves were famous. The great tenor Franco Corelli is another example. "They had to push him on stage," Soprano Renata Scotto recalled. Actually,success can make things worse. "In the beginning of your career,when youre scared to death, nobody knows who you are, and they dont have any expectations," Soprano June Anderson said. "Theres less to lose. Later on,when youre known,people are coming to see you,and they have certain expectations. You have a lot to lose. " Anderson added,"l never stop being nervous until Ive sung my last note. "16、Falling down onstage was not a good way for Vladimir Feltsman to deal with his stage fright.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned17、There are many signs of stage fright.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned18、Teachers and psychologists cannot help people with extreme stage fright.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned19、To perform well on stage,you need to have some feelings of excitement.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned20、If you have stage fright,its helpful to have friendly audience.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned21、Often people have stage fright because parents or teachers expect too much of themA.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned22、Famous musicians never suffer from stage fright.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned第3部分 概括大意與完成句子（第2330題，每題1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第2326題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為敵25段每段選擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題；（2）第2730題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。Ceasing to Wear Ties1 Its useless. Its dirty. It spreads disease. Thats why the British Medical Association in the UK recently called for hospital doctors to stop wearing ties.2 That leads to another question. Why does anyone wear a tie? Ties serve no purpose. They do not cover any part of your body and keep you warm. They always seem to get covered in food stains. Perhaps that is the purpose of the tie. It lets everyone know what you just ate.3 Ties have an odd history. Soldiers from Croatia, in Eastern Europe, served as mercenaries(雇傭軍)in various conflicts in the 17th century. They were identified by brightly colored pieces of silk worn around the neck. Known as cravats(圍巾 ) ,these became a popular fashion item in France and eventually evolved into the tie.4 Its an interesting story, but it doesnt tell us why men want to put useless pieces of cloth or silk around their necks. The answer seems to be about identification(身份證明) . Jn the 19th-century Britain, ties were used by universities, military regiments (團(tuán)) , sports clubs, schools and gentlemans clubs. Each tie was in a particular set of colors which identified the wearer as a member of that organization. Wearing ties was also the mark of Britains most powerful classes. That made the tie itself a symbol of power and respect. And that led it to be adopted by a much larger class-the business class.5 You cannot wear a tie if you work with machinery. So wearing a tie became a sign that you were a man who used his brain to make a living, rather than his hands. It showed you were serious. It showed you were a professional. It meant that everyone who wanted a job in business had to wear one. It was just impossible to take seriously a man who did not wear a piece of colored silk around his neck. This is how millions of people came to wear ties across the world.6 Is there a future for ties? The signs are not promising. Many political leaders, including British Prime Minister Tony Blair, now go without ties.AOrigin of the tieBBritish tiesCUselessness of the tieDOld-fashioned tiesERole of the tieFSigns of a tieless era23、Paragraph 2_24、Paragraph 3_25、Paragraph 4_26、Paragraph 5_27、The British Medical Association suggested that_28、Ties were first worn by the Croatian soldiers_29、People wore different ties in Britain in the 19th century to show that_30、British Prime Minister Tony Blair is a man_Athey were workmenBthey were members of different organizationsChospital doctors stop wearing tiesDwho does not always wear a tieEwho served as mercenanes in many conflicts in the 17th centuryFwho does not want to live like a king第4部分 閱讀理解（第3335題，每題3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。第一篇 Cell Phones Increase Traffic Pedestrian FatalitiesCell phones are a danger on the road in more ways than one. Two new studies show that talking on the phone while traveling, whether youre driving or on foot, is increasing both pedestrian deaths and those of drivers and passengers, and recommend crackdowns on cell use by both pedestrians and drivers.The new studies, lead-authored by Rutgers University, Newark, Economics Professor Peter D.Loeb, relate the impact of cell phones on accident fatalities to the number of cell phones in use, showing that the current increase in deaths resulting from cell phone use follows a period when cell phones actually helped to reduce pedestrian and traffic fatalities. However, this reduction in fatalities disappeared once the numbers of phones in use reached a “critical mass” of 100 million, the study found.These studies looked at cell phone use and motor vehicle accidents from 1975 through 2002,and factored in a number of variables, including vehicle speed, alcohol consumption, seat belt use, and miles driven. The studies found the cell phone-fatality correlation to be true even when including factors such as speed, alcohol consumption, and seat belt use.Loeb and his co-author determined that, at the current time, cell phone use has a “significant adverse effect on pedestrian safety” and that “cell phones and their usage above a critical threshold adds to motor vehicle fatalities. “ In the late 1980s and part of the 1990s, before the numbers of phones exploded, cell phone use actually had a “l(fā)ife-saving effect” in pedestrian and traffic accidents, Loeb notes. “Cell-phone users were able to quickly call for medical assistance when involved in an accident. This quick medical response actually reduced the number of traffic deaths for a time,” Loeb hypothesizes.However, this was not the case when cells were first used in the mid-1980s, when they caused a “l(fā)ife-taking effect” among pedestrians, drivers and passengers in vehicles. In those early days, when there were fewer than a million phones, fatalities increased, says Loeb, because drivers and pedestrians probably were still adjusting to the novelty of using them, and there werent enough cell phones in use to make a difference in summoning help following an accident, he explains.The “l(fā)ife-saving effect” occurred as the volume of phones grew into the early 1990s, and increasing numbers of cells were used to call 911 following accidents, leading to a drop in fatalities, explains Loeb. But this life-saving effect was canceled out once the numbers of phones reached a “critical mass” of about 100 million and the “l(fā)ife-taking effect” increased accidents and fatalities outweighed the benefits of quick access to 911 services, according to Loeb.Loeb and his co-authors used econometric models to analyze data from a number of government and private studies. He and his co-authors recommend that governments consider more aggressive policies to reduce cell phone use by both drivers and pedestrians, to reduce the number of fatalities.31.The two new studies, lead-authored by Professor Peter D. LoebA.show that talking on the phone while driving or walking in the street increases deaths of drivers and pedestriansB.Show that talking on the phone while driving increases pedestrian deathsC.recommend that strict measures be taken to restrain cell phone useD.both A and C.32.According to the second paragraph, when did cell phones actually help to reduce pedestrian and traffic fatalities?A.Right after cell phones were invented.B.Before the number of cell phone users reached a critical massC.When cell phone users totaled to a certain number. D.When the number of cell phones decreased to a certain number33.What is said about cell phone use in paragraph 4?A.The number of cell phones in use exploded in the late 1980s and part of the 1990sB.The number of traffic deaths was reduced in the late 1980s and part of the 1990s due to cell phone useC.Cell phone users are likely to be involved in traffic accidentsD.The use of cell phones has a life-saving effect for pedestrians and drivers34.What is said about cell phone use in the mid-1980s in paragraph 5?A.It had a life-taking effect because there werent enough cell phones in use then .B.The increased use of cell phones then caused a "life-taking effect."C.Traffic fatalities increased then because the number of cell phones in use decreasedD.Traffic fatalities decreased then because the number of cell phones in use increased.35.Which of the following statements DOES NOT answer the question “ What caused the “l(fā)ife-saving effect” to occur in the early 1990s?”A.There were more cell phone users during that periodB.The number of cell phone users reached about 100 millionC.More cell phones were used to call 911 when accidents occurredD.Cell phones enabled people to have quick access to 911 services第二篇 USScientists Confirm Water on MarsNASA scientists said that Mars was covered once by vast lakes, flowing rivers and a variety of other wet environments that had the potential to support life.Laboratory tests aboard NASAs Phoenix Mars Lander have identified water in a soil-sample. The landers robotic arm delivered the sample Wednesday to an instrument that identifies vapors produced by the heating of samples.“We have water,” said William Boynton of the University of Arizona, lead scientist for the Thermal and Evolved-Gas Analyzer, or TEGA. “This is the first time Martian water has been touched and tasted.”The robotic arm is a critical part of the Phoenix Mars mission. It is needed to trench into the icy layersof northern polar Mars and deliver samples to instruments that will analyze what Mars is made of, what its water is like, and whether it is or has ever been a possible habitat for life.The soil sample came from a trench approximately 2 inches deep. When the robotic arm first reached that depth, it hit a hard layer of frozen soil. Two attempts to deliver samples of icy soil on days when fresh material was exposed were foiled when the samples became stuck inside the scoop. Most of the material in Wednesdays sample had been exposed to the air for two days, letting some of the water in the sample vaporize away and making the soil easier to handle.Mars is giving us some surprises,” said Phoenix principalinvestigator Peter Smith of the University of Arizona, “Were excited because surprises are where discoveries come from. One surprise is how the soil is behaving. The ice-rich layers stick to the scoop when poised in the sun above the deck, different from what we expected, from all the Mars simulation testing weve done so far.Since landing on May 25, Phoenix has been studying soil with a chemistry lab, TEGA, a microscope, a conductivity probe and cameras. The science team is trying to determine whether the water ice ever thaws enough to be available for biology and if carbon-containing含chemicals and other raw materials for life are present.The mission is examining the sky as well as the ground. A Canadian instrument is using a laser beam to study dust and clouds overhead.“Its a 30-watt light bulb giving us a laser show on Mars,” said Victoria Hipkin of the Canadian Space Agency.A full-circle, color panorama of Phoenixs surroundings also has been completed by the spacecraft.The details and patterns we see in the ground show an ice-dominatedterrain as far as the eye can see,” said Mark Lemmon of Texas A & M University, lead scientist for Phoenixs Surface Stereo Imager camera. “They help us plan measurements were making within reach of the robotic arm and interpret those measurements on a wider scale. ”36.What was discovered by NASAs Phoenix Mars Lander on Mars?A.Vast lakes B.Flowing riversC.Water in a soil sample. D.Living things37.Why did the first two attempts to deliver samples fail?A.The sample vaporized away.B.Fresh material was exposed to the airC.The samples got stuck inside the scoopD.The robotic arm hit a hard rock38.Which one of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer?A.Scientists have been trying to break the ice-rich layers of soil on MarsB.Scientists have been surprised by how the soil on Mars behaves.C.Scientists have been trying to find out if there is life supporting material on MarsD.Scientists have been trying to know if water ice will melt.39.Where are the scientists involved in the research from?A.They are from AmericaB.They are from Canada.C.They are from both America and Canada.D.They are from neither America nor Canada.40.Which of the following do you think is the best description of Phoenixs Surface Stereo Imager camera, according to your understanding of the passage?A.It imitates human vision and is able to capture three-dimensional images.B.It imitates human voice and is able to record slight sounds while taking photosC.It takes clear photos that show every detail of the object.D.It is this particular type of camera that can take wide angle pictures.第三篇 “Dont Drink Alone” Gets New MeaningIn what may be bad news for bars and pubs, an European research group has found that people drinking alcohol outside of meals have a significantly higher risk of cancer in the mouth and neck than do those taking their libations with food.1 Luigino Dal Maso and his colleagues studied the drinking patterns of l,500 patients from four cancer studies2 and another 3,500 adults who had never had cancer.After the researchers accounted for the amount of alcohol consumed, they found that individuals who downed a significant share of their alcohol outside of meals3 faced at least a 50 to 80 percent risk of cancer in the oral cavity, pharynx, and esophagus, when compared with people who drank only at meals. Consuming alcohol without food also increased by at least 20 percent the likelihood of laryngeal4 cancer. “Roughly 95 percent of cancers at these four sites5 traced to smoking or drinking6 by the study volunteers,” Dal Maso says. The discouraging news, his team reports, is that drinking with meals didnt eliminate cancer risk at any of the sites.For their new analysis, the European scientists divided people in the study into four groups, based on how many drinks they reported having in an average week7. The lowest-intake group included people who averaged up to8 20 drinks a week. The highest group reported downing at least 56 servings of alcohol weekly for an ave