2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) BookII Unit18教學(xué)案 人教大綱版.doc

2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) BookII Unit18教學(xué)案 人教大綱版理解:要點詮釋單詞1.remain講：v.剩下；停留 linkv.一直保持；仍然(后接名詞、形容詞、分詞或介詞短語作表語)例:If you take 4 from 10,6 remains. 10減去4，還余6。 How long will you remain(=stay)here? 你能在這里停多久？ How can we remain silent on this question? 對于這個問題我們怎么能保持沉默呢？鏈接提示 可以用作連系動詞的行為動詞: (1)表示感覺的動詞 feel摸起來，感覺；look看起來；smell聞起來；sound聽起來；taste嘗起來 (2)表示進(jìn)入某種狀態(tài)或存在某種狀態(tài)的動詞 appear似乎；bee變成；e變得；fall變成；get變得；go變得；grow變得；keep保持；prove證實；remain保持；seem好像； stay保持；turn變得練:（xx上海春季模擬）The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain_ as the plane was making a landing.A.seat B.seating C.seated D.to be seating提示:單從結(jié)構(gòu)上講，remain后可用現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞或動詞不定式作表語，但是seat應(yīng)該用seated作表語，如:Please be seated.(=Please seat yourself.=Sit down,please.)故選C項。答案:C2.similar講：adj. 相似的；類似的 similarly adv. 相似地；類似地；同樣；也例:My wife and I have similar tastes in music. 我和妻子有共同的音樂愛好。 The two brothers look similar. 這兄弟倆長得很像。 The two houses are similar in size. 兩座房子大小差不多。 Husband and wife were similarly successful in their chosen careers. 夫妻倆在各自選擇的事業(yè)上都很成功。鏈接提示 (1)be similar to.in.在方面與有相似之處 The two words are similar to each other in meaning. 這兩個詞在意思上有相似之處。 (2)similarity n. 相似性；相像性；相似點；相像處 She bears a striking similarity to her mother. 她跟她母親十分相像。 There is some similarity in the way they sing. 他們的演唱風(fēng)格有點像。練:(1)Our body are strengthened by taking exercises._ ,our minds are developed by learning.A.Probably B.Likely C.Generally D.Similarly提示:本題考查在語境中選詞的能力。probably意為“大概”；likely是形容詞，意為“可能的”，用在此句不妥；generally意為“一般地”；similarly意為“同樣地，類似地”。根據(jù)語意和詞義，D項為正確答案。答案:D(2)My train was 20 minutes late in the morning and there was a(n)_ delay in the evening.A.same B.alike C.similar D.equal提示:句意為:我乘坐的火早上晚點20分鐘，晚上差不多也晚點這么長時間。答案:C(3)The two phrases are similar_ structure but different_ meaning.A.in;in B.to;to C.in;from D.with;from提示:句意為:這兩個短語結(jié)構(gòu)相似，但意義不同。be similar in.在相似；be similar to.與相似；be different in.在不同；be different from.與不同。答案:A3.attempt講：n. 努力、嘗試、企圖、未遂行為v.嘗試；試圖；試圖征服(危險的山、海等)例:They made no attempt at escaping. 他們沒有試圖逃走。 He made an attempt to swim across the English Channel. 他試圖渡過英吉利海峽。 They decreased their production in an attempt to push the prices. 他們減少生產(chǎn)量，以試圖抬高價格。 They attempted a surprise attack. 他們企圖偷襲。 The prisoners attempted to escape,but failed. 那些囚犯試圖逃走，但失敗了。 He attempted breaking the world record. 他試圖打破世界記錄。鏈接提示 (1)attempt to do/doing sth.企圖做某事 attempt to do sth.暗含不成功之意；try to do sth.“盡力做某事”，結(jié)果有可能成功也有可能失?。籱anage to do sth.“設(shè)法做到”，結(jié)果一定是成功的 (2)make an attempt to do/doing sth.試圖做某事 (3)attempted adj. 未遂的；意圖的 an attempted murder/suicide殺人未遂/自殺未遂練:(1)（xx江蘇模擬）A man is being questioned in relation to the_ murder last night.A.advised B.attendedC.attempted D.admitted提示:句意為:一個男子正在被詢問昨天晚上的殺人未遂案。attempted與句意相符。答案:C(2)Tom has been preparing carefully for the English examination,so that he can be sure of passing it at his first_.A.request B.attemptC.promise D.purpose提示:本題考查名詞。request請求；attempt嘗試；promise許諾；purpose目的。從句意看應(yīng)該選用attempt。答案:B短語1.allow for講：該詞組的義項有“顧及；考慮到”。例:The journey usually takes 3 weeks,but you should allow for delays caused by bad weather. 這趟旅行通常需時三周，但是你應(yīng)該考慮到惡劣天氣所造成的延誤。 His inexperience should be allowed for. 他缺少經(jīng)驗應(yīng)該被考慮在內(nèi)。 Allowing for inflation,the cost of the project is 2 million. 考慮到通貨膨脹因素，這個項目的費用為200萬美元。鏈接拓展 (1)allow doing sth.允許做某事 We dont allow making noise here,so you should keep quiet. 這里不允許大聲喧嘩，請你保持安靜。 (2)allow sb.to do sth.允許某人做某事 The nurse allowed him to stay in hospital for another two days.護(hù)士準(zhǔn)許他在醫(yī)院再住兩天。 (3)considering考慮到；鑒于 Considering the strength of the opposition,we did very well to score two goals.考慮到對方實力強(qiáng)大，我們進(jìn)了兩個球就很不錯了。 John did quite well considering how little he studied. 考慮到約翰才學(xué)了那么一點點，他考得已算很不錯了。練:(1)We cant finish the work in such a short time;you must_ our lack of experience.A.allow to B.allow forC.allow of D.allow into提示:句意為:我們不可能在這么短的時間內(nèi)完成工作；你必須考慮到我們?nèi)狈?jīng)驗。allow for考慮到；allow of容許，容得。B項符合句意。答案:B(2)I suppose well have to,_ bad weather conditions,spend more than 500 days undertaking the construction.A.considering B.allowed forC.including D.linked with提示:作“考慮到”講時，allow for 為動詞詞組，而considering為介詞。本句中“_ bad weather conditions”用作狀語，故選A項。答案:A(3)Nobody but doctors or nurses and those_ by Dr Hu_ to enter the patients room.A.invited;is allowed B.are invited;are allowedC.being invited;allowed D.invited;are allowed提示:第一空需要過去分詞作定語，排除B、C項；第二空要考慮主謂一致，本句中的主語是nobody，but doctors or nurses and those是狀語。故選A項。答案:A2.be aware of 意識到；察覺到例:Im well(quite) aware of the risk. 我深知那項風(fēng)險。 She was/became aware of the danger. 她(終于)覺察到危險。 He was aware that he had drunk too much. 他曉得他喝了太多(酒)。 Few of them were aware(of) what a hypocrite he really was. 他們之中很少人知道他實際上是個什么樣的偽君子。鏈接拓展 (1)be aware of后接名詞或從句，接從句時，可以省略of。 (2)be aware+that從句 意識到；察覺到練:The young couple was worried,because neither of them was aware_ they had lost the necklace.A.of the place B.of whichC.what D.of where提示:aware的常見結(jié)構(gòu)為:be aware of sth.或be aware(that)，意為“知道，意識到，明白”。如果選A 項，在place后應(yīng)加上where。由于賓語從句中需要地點狀語，故選D項。答案:D3.after all講：該詞組的義項有“畢竟；究竟；歸根結(jié)底；(解釋或說明理由)別忘了；到底”。例:So you made it after all. 你畢竟成功了。 He should have paid.He suggested it,after all. 他本來該付款的。別忘了是他提出來的。 Its not surprising you are tired.After all,you were up until three last night. 難怪你感到疲倦，別忘了，你昨晚3點才睡覺。鏈接拓展 含有all的短語: (1)all in all從各方面考慮；總的來說 All in all it had been a great success. 總得來說，那是個巨大的成功。 (2)all in one多功能；多用途 (3)and all而且；還；包括 She jumped into the river,clothes and all. 她連衣服也沒脫就跳進(jìn)河中。 (4)in all總共；總計 (5)not at all一點也(不)；完全(不)；(回答道謝的客套話)不用謝練:I thought I was going to fail the exam,but I passed_ .A.above all B.after allC.in all D.first of all提示:above all意為“尤其是、最重要的是”，常用來強(qiáng)調(diào)諸多事情中最重要的；after all意為“畢竟、別忘了”或“終究、終歸、到底”，用以提醒或強(qiáng)化被忽略的事實或現(xiàn)象，或表示轉(zhuǎn)折之意；in all的意思是“總共，總計”；first of all的意思是“首先”，表示要說、要做事情的順序。答案:B God never helps the man who will not act.天決不佑無行動的人。句型1.now that.既然講:注意觀察下面教材原句: Now that we are developing new technology at such a high pace,the true challenge is to find new ways of using it. 句中的now that是一個連詞詞組，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，相當(dāng)于since，意思是“既然，由于”，在口語中常省略that，而只用now引導(dǎo)從句，這時不要把now理解為“現(xiàn)在”。例:Now that the kids have left home,weve got a lot of extra space. 孩子都離開家了，我們住得寬綽了。 Now youve grown up,you can decide it yourself. 你已經(jīng)長大了，你可以自己決定了。 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的連詞比較:鏈接提示 (1)because語氣較強(qiáng)，表示直接原因；在回答why的問句時，必須用because。 (2)since/as語氣較弱，表示明顯的原因或已知事實。練:(1)_ you like the car so much,why not drive it back? Well,I cant afford_ car.A.If;such big a B.Now that;that big aC.When;so a big D.Now that;that a big提示:由題干可知，第一空用now that，排除A、C兩項；第二空中的that是副詞，相當(dāng)于so，應(yīng)放在形容詞前。故選B項。答案:B(2)_ she is out of a job,Lucy has been considering going back to school,but she hasnt decided yet.A.Now that B.Even thoughC.No matter how D.Except that提示:句意為:因為Lucy失業(yè)了，她一直在考慮返回學(xué)校，但到目前為止她還沒有決定。答案:A2.Sb.be said to do.據(jù)說；人們說講:注意觀察下面教材原句: We are said to be living in the “Information Age”. 據(jù)說我們生活在“信息時代”。例:He is said to be a clever student. 據(jù)說他是個聰明的學(xué)生。 He is said to have gone to the United States. 據(jù)說他去了美國。鏈接提示 (1)在sb.be said to do中還可以用sb.be said to be doing(據(jù)說某人在做)或sb.be said to have done(據(jù)說某人已經(jīng)做)。該句型可以改成:It be said that. (2)類似句型: It is believed that.人們相信 It is thought/suggested that.人們認(rèn)為 It is hoped that.人們希望 It is reported that.據(jù)報道 It is announced that.據(jù)宣布練:(1)（xx山東濰坊統(tǒng)考）The king is said to_ by the spider weaving its web in the cave where he was hiding and defeated his enemy at last.A.be encouraged B.being encouragedC.have been encouraged D.have encouraged提示:本題考查動詞不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)by the spider可知要用被動形式，又由于不定式動作在謂語動詞動作之前發(fā)生，故選C項。答案:C(2)(xx遼寧模擬)It is said in the book that Thomas Edison(1847-1931)_ the world leading inventor for sixty years.A.would be B.has beenC.had been D.was提示:從括號中提供的出生和去世的日期可以看出Thomas Edison現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)去世，排除B項；由于沒有時態(tài)對比，也不能用過去完成時，排除C項；A項不合題意；故選D項。答案:D辨析1.be made from,be made of,be made in,be made into,be made up of(1)be made of/from意為“由制成”。用以制造的原材料已改變，在制成品中看不出原材料，用from;原料未改變，在制成品中仍看得出原材料，用of。(2)be made in指產(chǎn)地，意為“在制造，由制造”。(3)be made into意為“將制成”。與以上短語不同，它的主語為原材料。(4)be made up of指“由組成”。即時練習(xí):(1)These table are made_ our factory.They were made_ wood.(2)Wood can be made_ tables and other furniture.(3)This kind of paper was made_ rags.(4)China is made_ 56 nations.(5)Bamboo can be made_ many useful tools.(6)The soil is made_ the dead leaves of the trees above.答案:(1)in,of (2)into (3)from (4)up of (5)into (6)from2.try to,try doingtry to意為:試，嘗試；試圖。內(nèi)含一種“試圖但并沒達(dá)到”之意。而try doing 意為“試著做，看有什么樣的結(jié)果”。即時練習(xí):(1)Dont shout at him;he is only trying_(help).(2)Im going to try _ (cook)a paella this evening.(3)I tried_ (persuade)him and succeeded(4)I tried_ (persuade)him but in vain.答案:(1)to help (2)cooking (3)persuading (4)to persuade誘思：實例點撥【例1】(xx北京海淀期末)There are many people _ only on-line activity is sending and receiving e-mail.A.who B.that C.which D.whose提示:本題考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，又在從句中作only on-line activity的定語。答案:D【例2】(xx浙江模擬)Weve been looking at houses but havent found_ we like yet.A.one B.ones C.it D.them提示:one指代上文出現(xiàn)的同一類事物中的一個，復(fù)數(shù)用ones；而it則指同一事或同一物。答案:A【例3】(xx全國模擬)There are altogether eleven books on the shelf,_ five are mine.A.on which B.in whichC.of which D.from which提示:本題考查定語從句的用法。five of which表示“其中的5本”。答案:C