高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit2 Cloning課件 新人教版選修8 (2).ppt

,選修8 Unit 1Unit 5,Unit 2 Cloning,1_ (vt.) 著手；從事；承擔(dān) 2_ (vt.) 扔；投；擲 3_ (vt.) 獲得；贏得 4_ (vt.) 獲得；到達(dá)(水平、年齡、狀況等) 5_ (vt.) 禁止；不準(zhǔn) 6_ (vt.) 欠(賬、錢、人情等)；歸功于 7_ (vt.) 打擾 (vi.) 操心 (n.) 煩擾,重點(diǎn)單詞,undertake cast obtain attain forbid owe bother,8_ (vi.&vt.) 打；撞擊；罷工 (n.) 罷工 9_ (adj.) 虛榮的；自負(fù)的；徒勞的 10_ (adv.) 僅；只；不過 11_ (vt.) 崇拜；愛慕；喜愛 12_ (n.) 突破 13_ (vt.) 積累；聚積 14_ (vt.) 抵抗；對(duì)抗_ (n.) 抵抗；對(duì)抗_ (adj.) 有抵抗力的；抵制的,strike vain merely adore breakthrough accumulate resist,resistance,resistant,15_ (n.) 假定；設(shè)想_ (vt.) 假定；設(shè)想 16_ (vi.) 不同；相異_ (adj.) 不同的_ (n.) 不同；差異 17_ (vi.) 反對(duì)；不贊成_ (n.) 不贊成；反對(duì)；異議_ (adj.) 真實(shí)的；客觀的；無偏見的 18_(vi.)退休；離開_(n.)退休,assumption,assume,differ,different,difference,object,objection,objective,retire,retirement,1_ 得到好結(jié)果；取得成功；償清 2_ 沮喪；不愉快 3_ 反對(duì) 4_ 贊成；支持 5_ 把歸功于 6_ 一定或注定(做) 7_ 使刻骨銘心,重點(diǎn)短語,pay off cast down object to in favor of owe.to be bound to (do) strike.into one's heart,8_ 不時(shí)；偶爾 9_ 使復(fù)生；使復(fù)活 10_ 白費(fèi)力氣；枉費(fèi)心機(jī) 11_ 狀況很好/壞；情況很好/壞 12_ 對(duì)有很大影響,from time to time bring back to life in vain in good/poor condition have a great impact on,1The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. 看來多莉是在正常地成長著，這很令人鼓舞。 解讀 that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。 仿寫 有一些國家仍然貧困這一事實(shí)對(duì)整個(gè)世界來說是一個(gè)大問題。 _some countries are still suffering from poverty is really a big problem to the world.,經(jīng)典句型,答案： The fact that,2Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. 接著傳來了多莉病重的壞消息。 解讀 then位于句首，句子用全部倒裝語序。 仿寫 聽到狗的狂叫聲，小偷逃掉了。 Hearing the dog barking fiercely，away_.,答案：fled the thief,3The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die，but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation. 其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是如果發(fā)生某種新的疾病，這類動(dòng)物中的一些可能會(huì)死掉，但是另外一些卻能存活下來，并且把這種免疫力傳給下一代。 解讀 The advantage is that.“其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是”，that引導(dǎo)表語從句。 仿寫 其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是如果你能講流利的英語，你更有可能找到好工作。 _if you can speak English fluently，you are more likely to find a good job.,答案： The advantage is that,4However，scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us. 科學(xué)家一直致力于研究克隆到底會(huì)有助于我們還是會(huì)傷害我們，它們將我們引向何方。 解讀 whether.or無論還是 仿寫 從他臉上我們看不出他是高興還是難過。 We cannot tell from his face_.,答案：whether he is happy or sad,1differ vi.不同；相異 教材原句 Think about how they differ. 想一想他們?nèi)绾尾煌?板塊一：核心單詞,differ from不同于；和不同 differ in在方面不同 differ with sb.on/about/over sth.在上和某人有分歧/異議 make a difference(to.)和有差別；對(duì)有影響 tell the difference between A and B分清A和B be different from.in.在方面與不同,My brother and I differ from each other in many ways. 我和我兄弟在許多方面都不同。 The twins look alike，but they differ widely_their tastes. 這對(duì)雙胞胎看上去相似，但愛好大相徑庭。 I have to differ_you_that. 在這一點(diǎn)上我不能同意你的看法。,答案： in with；on,2undertake vt. 著手；從事；承擔(dān) 教材原句 It is a difficult task to undertake. 這是一項(xiàng)很難完成的任務(wù)。,undertake a task/responsibility承擔(dān)任務(wù)/責(zé)任 undertake to do sth.同意、答應(yīng)或著手做某事 undertake for.為負(fù)責(zé) undertake that.保證,He undertook a new experiment. 他著手一項(xiàng)新的實(shí)驗(yàn)。 She_for these changes. 她承擔(dān)了做出這些改變的責(zé)任。 He undertook_(finish)the job by Friday. 他答應(yīng)在星期五以前完成那項(xiàng)工作。 The Qinghai­Tibet Railway，as the chief engineer said，was the hardest engineering project they_in the past 30 years. 正如總工程師所說，青藏鐵路，是過去三十年他們承擔(dān)的最艱難的工程。,答案：undertook the responsibility to finish had ever undertaken,3object vi. 反對(duì)；不贊成 n. 物體；目標(biāo) 教材原句 On the other hand，Dolly's appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. 另一方面，多莉的出現(xiàn)引起了一陣強(qiáng)烈的反對(duì)，對(duì)媒體和公眾的想象力也產(chǎn)生了極大的影響。,(1)object to sb./sth.反對(duì)；不贊成某人/某事 object to doing sth.反對(duì)做某事 object that.反對(duì) (2)objection n反對(duì)；厭惡 raise an objection to sth.對(duì)某事提出異議 take/have/make an/no objection to(doing) sth.對(duì)某事表示反對(duì)/不反對(duì) (3)objective adj.真實(shí)的，客觀的,If anybody objects，we'll postpone the meeting till next week. 如果有人反對(duì)，我們就把會(huì)議推遲到下周。 He objected_working on Sundays. 他反對(duì)星期天工作。 My main_to the plan is that it costs too much. 我反對(duì)該計(jì)劃的主要理由是它費(fèi)用太高。 How do Americans like to be called? Most of them don't object to_(call) them by their first name. 美國人喜歡怎樣被稱呼？ 大部分人不反對(duì)叫他們的姓。,答案： to objection calling,4forbid (forbade，forbidden) vt. 禁止；不準(zhǔn) 教材原句 Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning. 有些政府開始改革司法制度，明令禁止進(jìn)行克隆人類的研究,(1)forbid sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事 forbid doing sth.禁止做某事 forbid that.禁止(從句中常用should動(dòng)詞原形) (2)forbid sb.(from doing) sth.禁止某人(做)某事,He was forbidden to leave the base as a punishment. 作為懲罰，他被禁止離開基地。 The law forbids_(smoke)in public buildings. 法律禁止在公共場所吸煙。 I forbid you_(tell)anyone. 我不準(zhǔn)你告訴任何人。 The students are forbidden，unless they have special passes，_(stay)out after 11 pm. 學(xué)生除非有特別通行證，否則禁止晚上11點(diǎn)后在校外。,答案： smoking to tell to stay,5owe vt. 欠(賬、錢、人情等) 教材原句 You owe the lady an apology. 你必須向這位女士道歉。,(1)owe sb.sth.(owe sth.to sb.)欠某人某物 owe sb.a favo(u)r欠某人一個(gè)人情 owe sb.an apology該向某人道歉 (2)owe.to.把歸功于 owe it to sb.that.多虧某人 (3)owing to.因?yàn)?；由?I owe my success to my teacher. 我把我的成功歸功于我的老師。 He owes his friend 50 pounds. He_his friend. 他欠他朋友50英鎊。 I_having been so rude to you last night. 昨晚我太粗暴，應(yīng)該向你道歉。 I owe_to the doctor that I am still alive. 我仍然活著，這要?dú)w功于那位醫(yī)生。 _ bad weather，the flight was delayed for a couple of hours. 由于天氣惡劣，航班延誤了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。,答案：owes 50 pounds to owe you an apology for it Owing to,6bother vt.打擾 vi.操心 n. 煩擾；令人煩惱的事或人 教材原句 However，the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists. 然而，之后她患上了嚴(yán)重的肺病的問題使科學(xué)家們困擾。,(1)bother sb.with/about sth.為某事打擾或麻煩某人 bother to do sth.特意做某事 bother about sth.為某事煩惱 It bothers sb.that/to do sth.使某人苦惱的是 (2)put sb.to any bother給某人添亂 why bother沒有必要；何苦 Don't bother.不用費(fèi)心了。/不用麻煩了。,I don't want to bother her with my problems at the moment. 此刻我不想讓她為我的事情操心。 You don't bother_(get) dinner for me today，I'll eat out. 今天，不要麻煩為我預(yù)備飯了，我要在外邊吃。 You needn't bother_small things. 你用不著為瑣事煩惱。 I'll go to the post office to mail this parcel to Ann. 我要去郵局給安寄這個(gè)包裹。 _ bother？I'll see her at dinner this evening. 不必麻煩了吧？今晚吃飯我能見到她。,答案：to get about Why,7strike n罷工 vi.&vt.打；撞擊；罷工(struck；struck) 教材原句 .proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people's hearts. 證明了這一想法使人們感到既興奮又恐懼。,strike vi.&vt.打；撞擊；罷工；突然想到；打動(dòng)，給印象；(鐘)敲；報(bào)時(shí) be/go on strike罷工 It strikes sb.that.某人突然想起 sth.strike(s) sb.某人突然想起,Strike while the iron is hot. 趁熱打鐵。 The boy fell，_on the edge of the table. 男孩摔了一跤，頭撞在桌沿上。 The church clock began to_. 教堂的鐘開始敲十二下。 The visitors_by the beauty of the tourist area. 游客被旅游區(qū)的美景迷住了。 What_was the enthusiasm of the local people. 給我印象最深的是當(dāng)?shù)厝说臒崆椤?答案： striking his head strike twelve were struck struck me most,8resist vt.抵抗，反抗；忍耐，忍住 教材原句 But others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation. 但是另外一些卻能存活下來，并且把這種免疫力傳給下一代。,resist sth.抵制/阻擋某事 resist doing sth.反對(duì)/抵制做某事 can't/couldn't resist doing sth.can't/couldn't help doing sth.忍不住做某事 resistance n反對(duì)；抵制；抗拒,She resisted the temptation to tell him what she really thought. 她克制住自己，沒有把真實(shí)想法告訴他。 I was not strong enough_. 我不夠堅(jiān)定，抵抗不了他的好意。 I couldn't resist_(have) a look at her diary. 我忍不住看了一眼她的日記。,答案：to resist the offer having,9pay off 得到好結(jié)果；取得成功；償清 教材原句 But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthroughthe cloning of Dolly the sheep. 但是，科學(xué)家們的決心和耐心最終得到了回報(bào)，這就是1996年具有突破性的克隆羊“多莉”的誕生。,板塊二：短語和句型,pay for 付某物的錢；為某事物付出代價(jià) pay back 還錢，報(bào)復(fù) pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 訪問 pay off 全部付清,After ten years of hard work，they paid off all their debts. 經(jīng)過十年的艱苦勞動(dòng)，他們還清了債務(wù)。 We _the house. 我們買房花了20萬。 Can you lend me 10？I'll_on Friday. 你能借給我10英鎊嗎？我星期五就還你。 Have you heard that he was admitted into Tsinghua University? Yes，I have.His efforts finally_. 你聽說了嗎？他被清華大學(xué)錄取了。 是的，我聽說了。他的努力終于得到了回報(bào)。,答案： paid 200 thousand yuan for pay you back paid off,10cast down 使沮喪/不愉快 教材原句 Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dolly's illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal. 研究克隆的科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)多莉的病更容易發(fā)生在年老的動(dòng)物身上，這讓他們很沮喪。,cast away 丟掉，遭遇海難而流落某地 cast off 拋棄 cast out 趕走 cast sb.in the role of.選某人演角色,Her husband's death cast her down. 她因丈夫的死而沮喪。 He_by what his manager said. 經(jīng)理的話讓他很沮喪。 Standing timidly before the teacher，the girl_her eyes. 那個(gè)小女孩拘謹(jǐn)?shù)卣驹诶蠋熋媲埃瓜铝四抗狻?答案： was cast down cast down,11in favour of 贊成；支持 教材原句 Is it in favour of cloning or against it? 他(作者)的觀點(diǎn)是贊成克隆行為還是反對(duì)克隆行為？,Opportunities and success tend to be in favour of those who are ready. 機(jī)遇和成功往往青睞那些有準(zhǔn)備的人。 The result was 28 to 15_Wang Hong's favour. 結(jié)果是28比15，王紅當(dāng)選。 _me a favour and turn the volume down while I'm on the phone，will you? 勞駕，我打電話的時(shí)候把音量調(diào)小點(diǎn)好嗎？,答案： in Do,12from time to time不時(shí)，偶爾 教材原句 From time to time people suggest that extinct animals like dinosaurs，can possibly be brought back to life through cloning. 不時(shí)有人建議，像恐龍那樣已經(jīng)滅絕的動(dòng)物可能會(huì)通過克隆使之復(fù)生。,The food safety accidents happen from time to time. 食品安全事故時(shí)不時(shí)地發(fā)生。 _no time did I agree to the plan. 我從未同意過這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。 They learned to accept their stepmother_time. 過了一段時(shí)間之后他們學(xué)會(huì)了接受他們的繼母。,答案： At in,13bring back to life使復(fù)生；使復(fù)活 教材原句 From time to time people suggest that extinct animals like dinosaurs，can possibly be brought back to life through cloning. 不時(shí)有人建議，像恐龍那樣已經(jīng)滅絕的動(dòng)物可能會(huì)通過克隆使之復(fù)生。,(1)bring sth.to life賦予某物以生命 come to life蘇醒過來；活躍起來 devote one's life to (doing) sth.把一生奉獻(xiàn)給 lay down one's life for.為獻(xiàn)身(犧牲生命) (2)bring up培養(yǎng)；撫養(yǎng)；教育；提出；嘔吐 bring on使發(fā)生；引起；端上(飯菜) bring in引來；引進(jìn)；吸收 bring out取出；說出；闡明；出版；生產(chǎn) bring back使回想起；歸還；帶回來 bring down使倒下；減少；降低(價(jià)格、溫度) bring about導(dǎo)致；引起,It is impossible to bring a dead person back to life. 讓一個(gè)人死而復(fù)生是不可能的。 He left her to_three young children on her own. 他留下她獨(dú)自撫養(yǎng)3個(gè)年幼的孩子。 He does odd jobs that_about 30 dollars a week. 他做零工每周可賺約30美元。 Science and technology has_many changes in our lives. 科學(xué)技術(shù)給我們的生活帶來了諸多變化。,答案： bring up bring him in brought about,14in vain 白費(fèi)力氣，枉費(fèi)心機(jī) 教材原句 All efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain if there is no enough diversity in the groups to overcome illnesses. 如果在這些組中沒有足夠的多樣性克服疾病，那么克隆動(dòng)物的所有努力都白費(fèi)了。,in advance 提前 in charge 主管 in debt 負(fù)債 in order 井然有序 in progress 有進(jìn)展 in return 作為回報(bào) in theory 從理論上,I hope our efforts won't be in vain. 我希望我們的努力不會(huì)白費(fèi)。 I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem，but_. 我已經(jīng)非常努力地想找到這個(gè)問題的解決方法，但是白費(fèi)力氣。,答案： in vain,15in good/poor condition狀況很好(壞)；情況很好(壞) 教材原句 The dodo became extinct fairly recently so its DNA is still in good condition. 渡渡鳥滅絕時(shí)間相當(dāng)近，所以它的DNA仍然狀況良好。,out of condition健康狀況欠佳 working/living/studying conditions工作/生活/學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境 on condition that.在條件下；倘若 on no condition一點(diǎn)也不；決不(放在句首時(shí)，用部分倒裝語序),名師點(diǎn)津 condition指人或物自身的狀況時(shí)，常用作不可數(shù)名詞；指周圍的環(huán)境、境況、條件時(shí)，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 見證2014better road conditions have also attracted more drivers. 路況的改善也吸引了更多的司機(jī)。(2014·山東卷閱讀表達(dá)),The car has been well maintained and is in good condition. 這輛車一直保養(yǎng)得很好，車況極佳。 They agreed to lend us the car_we returned it before the weekend. 他們同意把車借給我們，條件是我們必須在周末前歸還。 On no condition_deny that the Diaoyu Islands have been an integral part of China's territory for centuries. 我們決不能否認(rèn)，幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來釣魚島一直是中國領(lǐng)土不可分割的一部分。,答案： on condition that can we,16The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. 看來多莉是在正常地成長著，這很令人鼓舞。,此句中that引導(dǎo)的從句為同位語從句，對(duì)fact進(jìn)行解釋說明，that僅起連接詞的作用，無意義，不能省略。 (1)常見的后接同位語從句的抽象名詞有：fact，news，hope，truth，idea，suggestion，thought，question，order，problem，belief，fear，possibility等。 (2)同位語從句中表示“是否”用whether不用if。 (3)特殊疑問詞也可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句，注意從句用陳述語序。,He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end. 他不愿面對(duì)他失敗的事實(shí)，最后自殺身亡。 The question_we should continue to do the experiment has not been answered yet. 我們是否該繼續(xù)實(shí)驗(yàn)的問題還沒有得到解決。 I have no idea_the meeting will be held. 我不知道這次會(huì)議何時(shí)舉行。 The news_our football team had won the match was encouraging. 我們足球隊(duì)贏了比賽的消息令人鼓舞。,答案：whether when that,17The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die，but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation. 其優(yōu)勢是如果發(fā)生一種新的疾病，這些動(dòng)物中的一些可能會(huì)死掉，但是另外一些卻能存活下來，并將這種抵抗能力傳給下一代。,The advantage is that.優(yōu)勢是，that此處引導(dǎo)表語從句。 The problem is that.問題是 The chance is that.有可能 There is no chance that.沒有可能,The advantage is that we have a good command of English. 其優(yōu)勢是我們很好地掌握了英語。 _is that our team will finish at the top，as our remaining matches aren't too difficult. 由于我們隊(duì)余下的比賽不太艱難，我們隊(duì)在結(jié)束時(shí)有可能名列前茅。 _no chance that they will win the match. 他們贏得比賽是不可能的。,答案：The chance There is,根據(jù)漢語提示，用句末括號(hào)內(nèi)的英語單詞完成句子 1He prefers to work till late，while I am an early riser.Maybe that's_.(differ) 他喜歡工作到很晚，而我是一個(gè)早起的人。這就是我們不同的地方。 2I do not think they_as long as we are well­ prepared to take up the challenge.(strike) 我認(rèn)為只要我們準(zhǔn)備好迎接挑戰(zhàn)，他們就無法在我們的心中引起恐慌。,單元語法專練：,答案：1.where we differ 2.can strike fear into our hearts,3After the flood，with the help of our soldiers，we managed _. (bring) 洪水過后，在戰(zhàn)士們的幫助下，我們成功地使家鄉(xiāng)恢復(fù)了生機(jī)。 4In vain_do the work that they had begun.(continue) 他們繼續(xù)做著早已經(jīng)開始的工作，可是白費(fèi)力氣。 5It's well­known to us all_be new changes when a new system is introduced.(bound) 眾所周知，當(dāng)引進(jìn)一個(gè)新的體系后，一定會(huì)發(fā)生新的變化。,答案： 3to bring our hometown back to life 4.did they continue to 5that there are bound to,6The North Korea's air force is even weaker，with some six hundred 1960's warplanes，many_.(condition) 朝鮮的空軍就更不行了，只有六百多架60年代的老式戰(zhàn)機(jī)，其中許多架戰(zhàn)機(jī)的狀態(tài)很差。 7There is a possibility_college students' doing a part­time job.(object) 有可能他反對(duì)大學(xué)生做兼職工作。,答案： 6.of them in poor condition 7that he objects to,8William wishes now that_drugs then through educating himself and strengthening his own willpower.(resist) 威廉姆多么希望他當(dāng)時(shí)通過自我教育和強(qiáng)化自己的意志力，抵制了毒品的誘惑。 9It was not until the last moment that_to him all the way.(owe) 直到最后，我才意識(shí)到我一直對(duì)不起他。 10To protect your rights，we need to make restrictions_ _deny your these rights.(forbid) 為了保障您的權(quán)利，我們需要作出限制，禁止任何人否認(rèn)您的這些權(quán)利。,答案： 8.he had resisted the temptation of 9.I realized I owed an apology 10.which/that/to forbid anyone to,