三維設(shè)計】2017屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 學(xué)通語法 第三講 介詞與介詞短語課件 北師大版

介詞介詞用法用法示例示例at一般指在較小的地方一般指在較小的地方I met him at the shop.in一般指在較大的地方，一般指在較大的地方，或在某一范圍內(nèi)或在某一范圍內(nèi)They arrived in Beijing yesterday.Shandong Province lies in the east of China.介詞介詞用法用法示例示例on一般指在物體的表一般指在物體的表面，或相鄰并接壤面，或相鄰并接壤的兩個地域的兩個地域The picture is hanging on the wall.Vietnam is on the south of China.to表示某范圍外不接表示某范圍外不接壤的兩位置壤的兩位置Jiangsu Province is to the southeast of Hebei Province.beside/by“在在的旁邊的旁邊”She was standing beside her mother.There is a small house by the river.near“接近；靠近接近；靠近”There is a supermarket near my home.介詞介詞用法用法示例示例between在兩者或每兩在兩者或每兩者之間者之間I sat down between Sue and Jane.among在三者或三者在三者或三者以上之間以上之間The teacher was standing among the students.介詞介詞用法用法示例示例across從從的表面穿過的表面穿過He walked across the square to meet us.through從從的內(nèi)部穿過的內(nèi)部穿過The guide led us through the forest.over從從的上面跨過的上面跨過The thief jumped over the fence and fled away.past從從的旁邊經(jīng)過的旁邊經(jīng)過She walked past the shop.介詞介詞用法用法示例示例at表示在某個時間點、時刻表示在某個時間點、時刻或重大節(jié)日或重大節(jié)日at 9：00;at noon;at daybreak;at Christmasin表示在某個較長的時間內(nèi)，表示在某個較長的時間內(nèi)，如世紀(jì)、朝代或年月；泛如世紀(jì)、朝代或年月；泛指的上午、下午、傍晚指的上午、下午、傍晚in the 21st century;in September;in the morningon表示在具體某一天或具體表示在具體某一天或具體某一天的上午、下午、晚某一天的上午、下午、晚上上on 2nd,September;on the morning of 1st,May介詞介詞用法用法示例示例for“for時間段時間段”意為意為“多長時間多長時間”，表示動，表示動作持續(xù)的時間長短，一作持續(xù)的時間長短，一般作完成時、過去時或般作完成時、過去時或?qū)頃r的時間狀語將來時的時間狀語He has lived in the small village for five years.I studied in Peking University for 4 years.since“since時間點時間點”意為意為“自從自從(過去某時過去某時)以來以來”，作完成時的時間狀語作完成時的時間狀語He has worked in this company since graduation.Tom has been doing his homework since 7 oclock.介詞介詞用法用法示例示例by“by名詞名詞”表示交表示交通方式時，名詞前不通方式時，名詞前不加冠詞加冠詞My brother usually goes to school by bike.in/onin/on后的名詞必須有后的名詞必須有冠詞或代詞等修飾冠詞或代詞等修飾My father often goes to work in his car/on his bicycle.介詞介詞用法用法示例示例by指指“靠靠手段，手段，用用方法，憑方法，憑借借”，后可接名詞、，后可接名詞、代詞或動名詞代詞或動名詞He made a living by selling newspapers when he was young.in多用于表示語言、材料多用于表示語言、材料的名詞前的名詞前All the applicants are required to fill in the form in ink.with多用于表示有形的工具多用于表示有形的工具或身體器官的名詞前或身體器官的名詞前They are busy digging with spades.介詞介詞用法用法示例示例except表示表示“除除之外之外(其其他的都他的都)”，其后的賓，其后的賓語是被排除在外的，語是被排除在外的，側(cè)重同類事物的排除側(cè)重同類事物的排除All my friends took part in the party except John.except for其后被排除的內(nèi)容與其后被排除的內(nèi)容與主語往往不是同一類主語往往不是同一類的的His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.besides表示表示“除除之外之外(其其他的也他的也)”，其后的賓，其后的賓語是被包括在內(nèi)的語是被包括在內(nèi)的He has learned German,French besides English.含義含義示例示例(表示態(tài)度表示態(tài)度)反對反對An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are against it.(表示對比表示對比)以以為背景為背景The skiers red clothes stood out clearly against the snow.(表示方位表示方位)倚靠著倚靠著The girl was leaning against the wall with her arms folded.含義含義示例示例(表示位置表示位置)在在另一另一邊，在邊，在更遠(yuǎn)處更遠(yuǎn)處The small village is 20 miles beyond the town.(表示時間表示時間)晚于晚于He delayed the matter beyond the fixed time.(表示程度表示程度)超出，超出，非非所能及所能及To be acknowledged as the first to receive this honor is beyond expression in words for me.含義含義示例示例(表示方位表示方位)越過越過The airplane flew over the mountains and disappeared in the distance.(表示等級或數(shù)目表示等級或數(shù)目)高于，高于，在在之上，超過之上，超過He has got the job because he has the advantage over others of knowing many languages.(表示時間或過程表示時間或過程)在在期間期間Im sorry I didnt phone you,but Ive been very busy over the past couple of weeks.含義含義示例示例(表示方向、距離表示方向、距離)到，向，去到，向，去It was on the way to the railway station.(表示時間表示時間)直到直到為止，到為止，到He wakes at a quarter to six every morning.(表示比較、比例、參照表示比較、比例、參照)與與相比，相對于相比，相對于而言而言I prefer oranges to apples.(表示對象關(guān)系表示對象關(guān)系)屬于，對，給屬于，對，給The hospital is attached to the university.達(dá)到達(dá)到(某一點或某個限度某一點或某個限度)Temperatures dropped to 25 degrees below zero.含義含義示例示例在在下面，在下面，在之下之下She placed the ladder under the window.在在過程中過程中The possibility of employing more staff is still under discussion.(數(shù)字、數(shù)量、年齡或價格數(shù)字、數(shù)量、年齡或價格)低于，少于，在低于，少于，在以下以下These toys are not suitable for children under five.受受影響影響Shes been under a lot of pressure at work.含義含義示例示例和和一起，和，一起，和，同，跟同，跟Would you like to go shopping with me？(表示同時或同一方表示同時或同一方向向)隨著隨著With time going by,the little tree has grown up.具有，帶有具有，帶有The dictionary is what I want,but I dont have enough money with me.由于，因為由于，因為He trembled with fear.(表示方式表示方式)用用He cut it with a knife.典題精選典題精選我來改正我來改正常設(shè)誤點常設(shè)誤點典題精選典題精選我來改正我來改正常設(shè)誤點常設(shè)誤點典題精選典題精選我來改正我來改正常設(shè)誤點常設(shè)誤點典題精選典題精選我來改正我來改正常設(shè)誤點常設(shè)誤點典題精選典題精選我來改正我來改正常設(shè)誤點常設(shè)誤點典題精選典題精選我來改正我來改正常設(shè)誤點常設(shè)誤點