2020年高考英語一輪復習 檢測題14

檢測題14. 閱讀理解AEnglish as a Foreign LanguageWho taught you to speak English? Your parents, while you were a young child? Your teachers at school? Perhaps even the BBC as a grown-up. Whoever it was, somehow you have developed an understanding of what is rapidly becoming a truly global language.There are now about 376 million people who speak English as their first language, and about the same number who have learnt it in addition to their mother tongue. There are said to be one billion people learning English now and about 80% of the information on the Internet is in English.Is this a good thing, or a bad thing? Should we celebrate the fact that more and more of us can communicate, using a common language, across countries and cultures? Or should we worry about the dangers of“mono-culturalism”, a world in which we all speak the same language, eat the same food and listen to the same music?Does it matter if an increasing number of people speak the same language? On the contrary, I would have thought-although I have never accepted the argument that if only we all understood each other better, there would be fewer wars. Ask the people of India(where many of them speak at least some English)and Pakistan(the same situation with India). . .If we all speak English, will we then all start eating McDonalds burgers? Surely not. If English becomes more dominant(占主導地位的), will it kill other languages? I doubt it. When I travel in Africa or Asia, I am always surprised by how many people can speak not only their own language but often one or more other related languages, as well as English and perhaps some French or German as well.When we discussed this on Talking Point a couple of years ago, we received a wonderfully poetic email from a listener in Ireland. “The English language is a beautiful language. Maybe its like a rose, ”he said. “But who would ever want their garden just full of rose? ”Well, I love roses, and I think they make a beautiful addition to any garden. But the way I see it, just by planting a few roses, you dont necessarily need to pull out everything else. If more and more people want to plant English roses, thats fine by me.【文章大意】作者以獨特的視角分析了英語的發(fā)展前景和人們的種種顧慮。越來越多的人會講英語是好事嗎? 戰(zhàn)亂會因此而減少嗎? 將來人們會只講一種語言, 吃同樣的食物, 聽同樣的音樂嗎? 作者借用一位愛爾蘭聽眾的郵件說: 英語好比玫瑰花, 它很漂亮, 但是我們不能因為它漂亮就把花園全種上玫瑰花, 也不能把其他花草都拔掉。1. How many people learn English as their second language?A. About 80%. B. About 376 million.C. About one million. D. We dont know.【解析】選B。細節(jié)理解題。從第二段第一句話可知, 把英語當作第二語言的人的數(shù)量是about 376 million。故選B。2. What does“garden”in the last two paragraphs stand for?A. Language. B. Family.C. The world. D. The Earth.【解析】選C。詞義猜測題。因為這兩段中rose用來指代English, 所以garden自然是指代the world。故選C。3. The author would probably agree that.A. its very hard to plant many kinds of flowers in a gardenB. its good for people from other countries to learn EnglishC. more and more people like to plant roses in their gardensD. English is easier to learn than other languages【解析】選B。作者意圖題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容, 尤其最后一句If more and more people want to plant English roses, thats fine by me. 可以了解作者的態(tài)度傾向。故選B。4. This passage is mainly about.A. why English has become a global languageB. how many people in the world speak EnglishC. how people in the world learn English as a foreign languageD. whether we need to worry about English being a world language【解析】選D。主旨大意題。通過理解全文內(nèi)容以及作者的觀點, 我們可以知道人們大可不必顧慮英語作為世界語言的前景問題。故選D。BFor high school leavers starting out in the working world, it is very important to learn particular skills and practice how to behave in an interview or how to find an internship(實習). In some countries, schools have programs to help students onto the path to work. In the United States, however, such programs are still few and far behind.Research shows that if high schools provide career-related courses, students are likely to get higher earnings in later years. The students are more likely to stay in school, graduate and go on to higher education.In Germany, students as young as 13 and 14 are expected to do internships. German companies work with schools to make sure that young people get the education they need for future employment.But in America, education reform programs focus on how well students do in exams instead of bringing them into contact with the working world. Harvard Education school professor Robert Schwartz has criticized education reformers for trying to place all graduates directly on the four-year college track. Schwartz argued that this approach leaves the countrys most vulnerable(易受影響的)kids with no jobs and no skills.Schwartz believed that the best career programs encourage kids to go for higher education while also teach them valuable practical skills at high school. James Madison High School in New York, for example, encourages students to choose classes on career-based courses. The school then helps them gain on-the-job experience in those fields while theyre still at high school.However, even for teens whose schools encourage them to connect with work, the job market is daunting. In the US, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row.“The risk is that if teenagers miss out on the summer job experience, they will become part of this generation of teens who had trouble in landing a job, ”said Michael, a researcher in the US.【文章大意】文章通過與德國中學情況的比較, 說明在美國中學里很缺乏有關(guān)職業(yè)生涯的基本課程。5. In the authors opinion, American high school leavers.A. have enough career-related coursesB. need more career advice from their schoolsC. perform better in exams than German studentsD. can get higher earnings in later years【解析】選B。作者觀點題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知。6. What can be inferred from the text?A. Unemployment rates for US teenagers remain high at the moment.B. Students with career-based courses never have problems finding a job.C. US companies work with schools to prepare young people for future employment.D. High school leavers with no practical skills cant find a job absolutely.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段的In the US, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row. 推出答案。7. Whats the main idea of the text?A. Arguments about recent US education reform.B. Tips on finding jobs for high school leavers.C. The lack of career-based courses in US high schools.D. Advice for American high school leavers.【解析】選C。主旨大意題。文章第一段的In some countries, schools have programs to help students onto the path to work. In the United States, however, such programs are still few and far behind. 點出了主題。8. The underlined word“daunting”in Paragraph 6 most probably means“”.A. discouragingB. interestingC. creativeD. unbearable【解析】選A。詞義猜測題。從下文的In the US, unemployment rates for 16-to-19-year-olds are above 20 percent for the third summer in a row. 可猜出詞義。. 閱讀第二節(jié)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。(2020·北京模擬)Urbanization(都市化)Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5, 500 years ago. 1. In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural(鄉(xiāng)村的)villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in historya society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was only the beginning. 2. The process of urbanizationthe migration(遷移)of people from the countryside to the citywas the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. 3.Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities. 4. Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英)and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. 5. Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.A. That kept cities very small.B. The rest live in small towns.C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered.D. Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.E. But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.F. Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.G. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.答案: 15. EDBAF【語篇隨練】多練一點技高一籌根據(jù)閱讀理解A篇回答問題。1. What is the function of the first paragraph?_2. There are said to be one billion people learning English now and about 80% of the information on the Internet is in English.翻譯: _3. 除了他在大學的工作之外, 他現(xiàn)在還經(jīng)營著自己的公司。(用第二段中的詞匯補全句子)Hes now running his own company _ his job at the university.答案:1. To lead into the following paragraphs.2.據(jù)說現(xiàn)在有十億人在學英語, 而且大約80%的網(wǎng)絡信息也是用英語來呈現(xiàn)的。3. in addition to