2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 3 Life in the future習(xí)題 新人教版必修5

Unit 3Life in the future【熱點(diǎn)話題】Culture and education(文化和教育)是否要取消英語(yǔ)教學(xué)體裁：發(fā)言稿(注意格式)寫(xiě)作思路：論點(diǎn)論據(jù)論證【美文誦讀】Dear fellow students，I'm very glad to have a discussion at our class meeting about whether our school should cancel English teaching.As you know，people have_different_views_onit.In my opinion，English is very useful and we must learn it well.First of all，with_the_development_of our country，more and more people will work abroad or go travelling in foreign countries，where they may use English to communicate with foreigners.Secondly，English is a useful tool for us to learn advanced science and technology from other countries.What's_more，if_you_know_English，you_will_have_more_chances_to_get_a_better_job_and_earn_more_money._Therefore，I think that learning English well is_of_great_importance in our future life，and no_matter_whatothers say about it，we can't give it up.That's all，thank you！【學(xué)海拾貝】按要求完成或翻譯下列句子。1在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上我們?nèi)杂胁煌目捶ā?view)We_have_different_views_on_this_problem2隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，人們的生活水平也在提高。(with the development of)With_the_development_of_the_society，people's_living_standard_is_improved3將句中的條件狀語(yǔ)從句改為分詞作狀語(yǔ)。What's more，knowing_English，you will have more chances to get a better job and earn more money.4對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)進(jìn)行一次面對(duì)面的交談是非常重要的。(of importance)It_is_of_great_importance for us to have a face­to­face talk.5不管你說(shuō)什么，我都喜歡聽(tīng)。(no matter what)No_matter_what_you_may_say，I like to listen.按要求寫(xiě)出下列單詞1方面，層面n.aspect2藥片 ntablet3指導(dǎo)，導(dǎo)游；指引 n& vguide4調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)n.adjustment5瞬間，片刻；立即的，立刻的n.& adj.instant6太空艙 n. capsule7開(kāi)關(guān)；轉(zhuǎn)換 n& vswitch8效率，功效 nefficiency9巨大的，龐大的 adj.enormous10面具，面罩，偽裝 nmask11印象，感想，印記n.impression給留下印象v.impress印象深刻的adj.impressive12周圍的adj.surrounding環(huán)繞，圍繞v.surround周圍的事物，環(huán)境 nsurroundings13時(shí)常發(fā)生的；連續(xù)不斷的adj.constant連續(xù)不斷地adv.constantly14在前的，早先的adj.previous在前，早先adv.previously15樂(lè)觀的adj.optimistic樂(lè)觀地adv.optimistically樂(lè)觀n.optimism用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1The famous ecologist insisted that something must be done to protect the ecology(ecology)2I was unable to attend the party because of a previous engagement.(previously)3The lake is surrounded with trees and so its surrounding area looks beautiful.And I'd like to bring up my children in such healthy_surroundings(surround)4She has the determination that her brother_lacks(lack)5Recently the weather has been_constantly changing and I have been affected by it.(constant).翻譯下列短語(yǔ)1使某人想到某事，提醒某人記起某事remind_sb.of_sth.2拿起；占用；接受；從事take_up3看不見(jiàn)lose_sight_of4加速speed_up5幫助，協(xié)助某人assist_in6立刻，馬上in_no_time7四面八方in_all_directions8缺乏，缺少lack_of_sth9對(duì)樂(lè)觀be_optimistic_about10調(diào)整，適應(yīng)make_adjustment_to選用上述短語(yǔ)完成下列短文。The old photo (1)reminds me (2)of Mr.Wang，my Chinese teacher.I was disappointed during the first few months after I arrived in China because I didn't get on well with my study there.Mr Wang helped me to (3)make_adjustment_to the new life and encouraged me to (4)be_optimistic_about my future.He even gave me a chance to (5)assist him (6)in collecting folk songs in the countryside.With his help and encouragement，I found my life in China much easier.重點(diǎn)句型1I can still remember the moment when the space stewardess called us all to the capsule and we climbed in through a small opening.(p.18)我仍舊記得我們一起被太空服務(wù)員叫到時(shí)間艙，我們從一個(gè)小門(mén)爬進(jìn)去。the moment when.“的一刻”，其中when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾the moment。I couldn't help weeping the moment when I saw my weak old mother.看到我年邁虛弱的母親的那一刻，我忍不住流淚了。模仿造句用上述句型完成下列句子。我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記三年前我們見(jiàn)面的那一刻。I'll_never_forget_the_moment_when_we_met_three_years_ago.2Why not sit down and eat a little？(p.18)為什么不坐下吃點(diǎn)東西呢？Why not do.？為什么不呢？Why not prepare for the examination earlier?為什么不早點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)備考試呢？模仿造句用上述句型完成下列句子。為什么不提前把那件事通知我呢？Why_not_inform_me_of_it_in_advance?3No more typists working on a typewriter or computer！No more postage or postcodes! (p.22)再也不需要打字員在打字機(jī)或電腦上工作了， 再也不需要郵費(fèi)和郵政編碼了。no more.no more.再也沒(méi)有再也沒(méi)有/再也不用再也不用No_more children playing here！No_more noise annoying us!再也不會(huì)有小孩子在這里玩了！再也不會(huì)有噪音吵到我們了。模仿造句用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)再也沒(méi)有桌子出現(xiàn)在這兒！也沒(méi)有椅子提供給我們！No more desks appearing here! No_more_chairs_provided_to_us(2)再也沒(méi)有書(shū)要讀了，再也沒(méi)有練習(xí)題要做了！No_more books to read! No_more_exercises_to_do用上述句型翻譯下列小片段。兒子進(jìn)入他房間的那一刻，一個(gè)念頭在李明的腦中閃過(guò)。為什么不帶兒子去度假呢？再也沒(méi)有工作來(lái)煩他，再也沒(méi)有壓力。他要做的就是和兒子一起，享受陽(yáng)光和無(wú)盡的快樂(lè)。The_moment_when_his_son_entered_his_room，Li_Ming_hit_upon_an_idea.Why_not_take_a_holiday_with_his_son？No_more_work_bothering_him.No_more_pressure.What_he_needed_to_do_was_to_stay_with_his_son，enjoying_the_sunshine_and_endless_happiness. 閱讀理解解題技巧釋義指對(duì)陌生詞的解釋(解釋性描述)，一般通過(guò)定義、定語(yǔ)從句、詞組、同位語(yǔ)成分來(lái)體現(xiàn)。其表現(xiàn)形式為：用that is，in other words，or，mean，be called，refer to或系動(dòng)詞to be等定義或重述形式來(lái)解釋生詞。 如：【例】 Anthropology is the scientific study of man.解析：從解釋 “the scientific study of man”可知anthropology的意思是 “人類學(xué)”。【例】 The herdsman，who looks after sheep，earns about 650 yuan a year.解析：定語(yǔ)從句中“l(fā)ooks after sheep”就表明了herdsman的詞義為“牧羊人”。利用上述方法，猜出下列各句畫(huà)線單詞的意思。1Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society.A人類社會(huì) B社會(huì)學(xué)C社會(huì)的 D社會(huì)理論解析：系動(dòng)詞be后面就給出了明確的定義：“用來(lái)描述人類社會(huì)的科學(xué)研究的術(shù)語(yǔ)”。這樣，我們便知道該詞意思為“社會(huì)學(xué)”。答案：B2They need to make their income meet the cost of living，so many people plan a family budgetA budget is a list of monthly expenses.A計(jì)劃 B預(yù)算C支出 D收入解析：is后面是對(duì)第一句中畫(huà)線單詞的解釋，給出了明確的定義，從定義上推測(cè)出單詞budget的意思為“預(yù)算”。答案：B3Jane is indecisive，that is，she can't make up her mind.A不能下定決心的 B下定決心的C果斷的 D勇敢的解析：從“can't make up her mind”可知indecisive意為“不能下定決心”。答案：A4The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope，an instrument for listening to patients' heartbeat and breathing.A呼吸機(jī) B血壓計(jì)C聽(tīng)診器 D體溫計(jì)解析：從“an instrument for listening to patients' heartbeat and breathing”可知stethoscope意為“聽(tīng)診器”。答案：C5The British and Americans may use different terms for many things.In other words，the British usually use football，eraser and mail while Americans prefer to use soccer，rubber and post.A稱謂 B方面C學(xué)期 D術(shù)語(yǔ)解析：“In other words”后的解釋可知terms在此表示對(duì)同一事物，英美英語(yǔ)有不同的用詞。所以，terms意為“用語(yǔ)、用詞、術(shù)語(yǔ)”。答案：D6They are vertebrates，that is，animals that have back bones.A脊椎動(dòng)物 B無(wú)脊椎動(dòng)物C哺乳動(dòng)物 D變溫動(dòng)物解析：從解釋“animals that have back bones” 可知vertebrates的意思是 “脊椎動(dòng)物”。答案：A第一節(jié)閱讀理解閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AEven as we breathe a sigh of relief watching the rescue of 33 miners trapped in a Chilean mine for more than two months, there is recognition that their recovery from this traumatic experience involves more than just their physical health. Surrivors of disasters are at significant risk for such problems as depression and anxiety.In an upcoming report，George ABonanno and colleagues note that disasters result in extreme psychological harm in a minority of individualsless than 30% of samples experience severe levels of these psychological problems. Just as there are a wide range of problems experienced following disasters, Bonanno and his co­authors observe there are also a number of outcome patterns.Some survivors will exhibit chronic dysfunction (慢性功能障礙) but the majority will go on to recover psychological function within a few months or years.Following disasters, the most common form of immediate psychological intervention(介入) is Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD) (危機(jī)事件應(yīng)激晤談)However, following a review of studies on the effectiveness of CISD, Bonanno and co­authors conclude, “Multiple studies have shown that CISD is not only ineffective but，as suggested earlier，in some cases can actually be psychologically harmful.“The data on crisis debriefing suggest that imposing such interventions on individuals doesn't work，”Lilienfeld says.“If some of the miners want to talk to somebody to express their feelings, then by all means mental health professionals should be there to listen to them and support them.But for miners who would prefer not to talk much about the experience, it's best to leave them alone and respect their own coping mechanisms (應(yīng)對(duì)機(jī)制)”According to Bonanno and his co­authors，there are treatments that may be effective in helping survivors recover from disasters.Psychological first aid (PFA) which，among other things，provides practical help and helps develop a sense of safety and calmness among survivorsis a promising approach.For example，the community­centered interventionwhich helps maintain a sense of connectedness and quality of community lifeis beneficial to survivors of disasters.1Which of the following can replace the underlined word“traumatic”in the first paragraph?AAmusingBUpsettingCImpressive DMemorable2What can be inferred from Lilienfeld's words?AThe choices of interventions should follow the survivors' will.BThe survivors should often ask health professionals for advice.CIt's beneficial for the survivors to communicate with each other.DThe miners should be respected for their hard and dangerous work.3According to the passage，which of the following methods is generally more effective?AHelp survivors fit in their communities.BUrge survivors to join in volunteer programs.CAsk survivors to speak out their experiences.DLeave survivors alone to improve their emotions.4What is the passage mainly about?AThe types of psychological problems.BThe harmful effects of mine accidents.CThe new research about the mental activity.DThe psychological help for survivors of disasters.語(yǔ)篇解讀：絕大多數(shù)災(zāi)難幸存者都會(huì)產(chǎn)生一定的心理問(wèn)題，因此對(duì)他們進(jìn)行心理疏導(dǎo)是極其重要的。1解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段第一句以及下文disasters可知，被困在煤礦中是一件令人痛苦的經(jīng)歷。答案：B2解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“.But for miners who would prefer not to talk much about the experience，it's best to leave them alone and respect their own coping mechanisms.”可知，針對(duì)不同的災(zāi)難幸存者，應(yīng)根據(jù)他們自己的意愿制定心理救援計(jì)劃。答案：A3解析： 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，讓災(zāi)難幸存者融入自己的社區(qū)生活是幫助他們走出陰影比較有效的方法。選項(xiàng)B在文中并沒(méi)有提及，選項(xiàng)C、D并不適合所有的人。故選A項(xiàng)。答案：A4解析：主旨大意題。全文主要說(shuō)明了對(duì)災(zāi)難幸存者心理急救的有效方法，D項(xiàng)最為符合。答案：DBWashington teacher Tammie Schrader is very enthusiastic about computer games in education. She thinks they can be used to teach programming skills which will help students to learn in middle school. Canadian teacher Justin Holladay wrote a few simple games to help his students practice math skills.When the games became popular, he started his own company to create more of them.And the University of Washington's Zoran Popovic got more than 4，000 Washington students to master linear equations (方程) this spring by playing a computer game for just a few hours.The growing availability of inexpensive computers and a new generation of young teachers who grew up playing on computers have inspired interests in games for serious purposes.“Six or seven years ago，selling games to schools was brutal(唐突的) ，”said David Martz of Muzzy Lane Software，a Boston，US company that produces games for publishers such as McGraw­Hill.Now，he said，schools are interested in the promise of games.Software and education companies have tried for many years to combine youngsters' passion for computer games with educational progress，without much success.Zoran Popovic thinks the first efforts to combine games with education fell_flat because they were created by commercial companies.These companies were more interested in selling products than seeing students master a skill.Teachers say there are some pretty good games in the marketplace now.Holladay，a math teacher from Alberta，Canada，began moving paper­based math games to the iPad，building games that allowed students to compete with each other and give him instant feedback on their progress. The games reinforced (加強(qiáng)) the lessons he was teaching，and his students had fun playing.He said，“They were a lot more engaged.”5. From Paragraph 1，we know that_Ateachers were devoted to creating computer gamesBteachers think computer games can help in learningCteachers encourage students to play games to relaxDteachers hold different views on computer games6Who gave comments on“combination between games and education”？ADavid Martz BTammie SchraderCJustin Holladay DZoran Popovic7What helped promote computer games in schools according to the text?aThe affordability of computers.bThe preferences of young teachers.cThe advertisements of commercial companies.dParents' support.eBetter games.Aa，b，c Ba，c，dCa，b，e Db，d，e8The underlined phrase“fell flat”in Paragraph 3 probably means“_”Amade no profit Bdeserved attentionCturned out successful Dfailed to get ideal effect語(yǔ)篇解讀：文章講解了電腦游戲在美國(guó)課堂的逆襲，美國(guó)很多的老師都認(rèn)為電腦游戲可以促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)，現(xiàn)在很多游戲公司也很注意游戲和教育的結(jié)合，所以許多學(xué)校都認(rèn)為游戲可以促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)。5解析：推理判斷題。文章第一段用三位老師來(lái)舉例說(shuō)明老師們認(rèn)為電腦游戲有助于輔助課堂教學(xué)。答案：B6解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段的“Zoran Popovic thinks the first efforts to combine games with education.”可知，Popovic對(duì)于游戲和教育的結(jié)合發(fā)表了觀點(diǎn)。答案：D7解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段的“The growing availability of inexpensive computers and a new generation.”以及最后兩段可知，電腦價(jià)格降低、年輕一代老師們的青睞以及更多好的電腦游戲被生產(chǎn)制作都促進(jìn)了電腦游戲在教學(xué)上的使用。答案：C8解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。文章第三段談到的商業(yè)公司更重視產(chǎn)品銷售的盈利情況，而不是學(xué)生是否掌握新技能，所以可以推知Popovic認(rèn)為游戲與教學(xué)剛開(kāi)始結(jié)合時(shí)，并未獲得預(yù)期的效果。答案：D第二節(jié)完形填空閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從120題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(2020·浙江卷)Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford, I've watched one friend after another land high­ranking，high­paying Wall Street jobs. As executives(高級(jí)管理人員) with banks，consulting firms, established law firms, and major corporations, many are now_1_on their way to impressive careers.By society's_2_，they seem to have it made.On the surface, these people seem to be very lucky in life.As they left student life behind, many had a_3_drink at their cheap but friendly local bar, shook hands with longtime roommates，and_4_out of small apartments into high buildings.They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine_5_a college year's monthly rent.They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars.The thing is，a number of them have_6_that despite their success，they aren't happy.Some_7_of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight­hour workweeks devoted to tasks they_8_Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and_9_.However, instead of devoting themselves to their work，they find themselves working to support the_10_to which they have so quickly become_11_People often speak of trying a more satisfying path，and_12_in the end the idea of leaving their jobs to work for something they_13_or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion：it's _14_They have loans，bills，a mortgage(抵押貸款)to_15_，retirement to save for.They recognize there's something_16_in their lives，bu it's_17_to step off the track.In a society that tends to_18_everything in terms of dollars and cents，we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our_19_in financial terms. But what about the personal and social costs_20_in pursuing money over meaning? These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignoreand the very ones we need to consider most.1A.much BneverCseldom Dwell2A.policies BstandardsCexperiments Dregulations3A.last BleastCsecond Dbest4A.cycled BmovedCslid Dlooked5A.shared BpaidCequaled Dcollected6A.advertised BwitnessedCadmitted Ddemanded7A.complain BdreamChear Dapprove8A.distribute BhateCapplaud Dneglect9A.calm BguiltyCwarm Dempty10A.family BgovernmentClifestyle Dproject11A.accustomed BappointedCunique Davailable12A.yet BalsoCinstead Drather13A.let out Bturn inCgive up Dbelieve in14A.fundamental BpracticalCimpossible Dunforgettable15A.take off Bdrop offCput off Dpay off16A.missing BinspiringCsinking Dshining17A.harmful BhardCuseful Dnormal18A.measure BsufferCdigest Ddeliver19A.disasters BmotivationsCcampaigns Ddecisions20A.assessed BinvolvedCcovered Dreduced語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文，題材為社會(huì)生活類。我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的一些朋友名校畢業(yè)后找到了體面的工作，有了很高的收入。他們真的成功了嗎？1解析：事業(yè)很順利，此處應(yīng)該用副詞well修飾。答案：D2解析：按照社會(huì)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(standards)來(lái)判斷的話，他們已經(jīng)具備成功所需要的一切了。policy政策；experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；regulation規(guī)章。答案：B3解析：他們畢業(yè)前在當(dāng)?shù)亓畠r(jià)但很友好的酒吧里喝了最后一次(last)酒。答案：A4解析：搬出了狹小的公寓樓住進(jìn)了高樓大廈。cycle騎自行車；slide滑動(dòng)，滑行；look看。答案：B5解析：equal意為“等于”，符合語(yǔ)義。答案：C6解析：很多人承認(rèn)(admitted)盡管取得了成功，但他們并不快樂(lè)。答案：C7解析：有的人抱怨(complain)不友好的同事。答案：A8解析：把八小時(shí)的工作日用在了自己討厭(hate)的任務(wù)上讓一些人感到很可悲。答案：B9解析：empty意為“空虛的”，符合語(yǔ)義。答案：D10解析：根據(jù)空格后定語(yǔ)從句所表達(dá)的含義“他們這么快就”可知此處應(yīng)該是“生活方式(lifestyle)”。答案：C11解析：他們這么快就習(xí)慣的生活方式。固定搭配be/become accustomed to 習(xí)慣于答案：A。12解析：人們經(jīng)常說(shuō)要走一條更令人滿意的路，可是(yet)到最后。前后意思上是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選A項(xiàng)。答案：A13解析：let out發(fā)出；turn in上交；give up放棄；believe in相信。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知答案為D項(xiàng)。答案：D14解析：fundamental根本的；practical實(shí)際的；impossible不可能的；unforgettable難以忘記的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)義可知選C。答案：C15解析：他們有貸款、各種賬單以及抵押貸款需要償還(pay off)。答案：D16解析：他們意識(shí)到他們?cè)谏钪姓谑?missing)一些東西，可是。答案：A17解析：由語(yǔ)義可知選B。答案：B18解析：在一個(gè)傾向于用金錢來(lái)衡量(measure)一切的社會(huì)里。suffer遭受；digest消化；deliver運(yùn)送。答案：A19解析：disaster災(zāi)難；motivation動(dòng)機(jī)；campaign運(yùn)動(dòng)；decision決定。由語(yǔ)義可知選D。答案：D20解析：be involved in涉及，牽涉，與有關(guān)。assess評(píng)估；cover覆蓋；reduce降低，減少。由語(yǔ)義可知選B。答案：B第三節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。Red envelopes 1._(relate) to the Chinese Lunar New Year for long. I myself have had plenty of 2._(experience) both receiving and giving out red envelopes in the past, and generally speaking，it's been fun. I mean，who doesn't love free money?I'm truly surprised by the extent of people's obsession with virtual red envelopes this year. In fact, everyone I know spent at least a day or two 3._(crazy) shaking their smart phones，mostly trying to get as much lucky money as possible.Thanks to messaging app giant WeChat's new feature 4._allows users to send money electronically, grabbing virtual red envelopes has never seemed so easy.Just in case you are one of the very few people still not on the bandwagon，here's 5._it works. Givers link their WeChat to their bank accounts, and then they can send specified amounts of money to their WeChat contacts through a personal message. They can also put the cash up 6._grabs in chat groups full of friends, and anyone who acts fast enough will get 7._share. Later，receivers can transfer the funds from their WeChat back into their own bank accounts.In theory，this sounds like a fun game. I'm always for some harmless fun in life, so my natural response would be：Why not? Moreover，I've always believed that it's human nature to want free stuff，regardless of whether you actually need it or not. This may not be a good quality，8._it's not against the law, so I won't get all judgmental here.9._(consider) these reasons, I really can't fault anyone for their enthusiasm in grabbing virtual red envelopes. I would have done it too, 10._I not thought linking WeChat to my bank accounts was too much trouble.語(yǔ)篇解讀：作者對(duì)春節(jié)期間所出現(xiàn)的通過(guò)手機(jī)搶紅包這一現(xiàn)象發(fā)表了自己的看法。1解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。be related to為固定短語(yǔ)，意為：與有關(guān)聯(lián)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for long可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。答案：have been related2解析：考查名詞。experience作“經(jīng)歷”講，為可數(shù)名詞。此處表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。答案：experiences3解析：考查副詞。設(shè)空處需用副詞作shaking的狀語(yǔ)，故答案為crazily。答案：crazily4解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為new feature，將先行詞代入定語(yǔ)從句后為：The new feature allows users to send money electronically，grabbing virtual red envelopes.由此可見(jiàn)關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)且指“事物”，故用關(guān)系代詞that/which引導(dǎo)。答案：that/which5解析：考查表語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)下文