英語1(基礎(chǔ)模塊)第2版unit 1 知識點及練習(xí)
英語1(基礎(chǔ)模塊)第2版 知識點及練習(xí)Unit One Nice to meet you ! 一、詞匯(一), first num.第一 (基數(shù)詞one的序數(shù)詞) ; n.第一,最初; 頭等;adv.最初; 首先; at first adj.第一流的; 最初的,最早的; 基本的; (二), last n.末尾; 最后; 上個; vt. 經(jīng)受住; 夠用; 足夠維持; vi.持續(xù); adj.最近的; 最后的; 最不可能的; 惟一剩下的; adv.上一次,最近一次; 最后; at last (三), Mr. 先生,與 Sir先生; Mrs. misiz 女士 (已婚) Miss 小姐 (未婚) Ms. miz 女士 (婚姻狀況不明)Madam 夫人,太太,小姐1. Mr. 意為"先生",Mr. 是 Mister (先生)或 Master (主人)的縮寫。一般用于男子姓氏或職務(wù)前;不管年齡大?。惠叿珠L幼;職務(wù)高低;結(jié)婚與否,男子都可稱為Mr.;后面跟姓。如果一個男子的職務(wù)是校長,就可以稱他為Mr. Headmaster (校長先生); Sir :對不相識的男子或上級;長輩或從事某種職務(wù)的男子表示尊稱時,英;美人通常用sir,意為"先生;閣下;長官",后面不跟姓氏;如:May I go now,sir?(先生,我可以走了嗎?)Yes,sir.(可以,先生;) sir還廣泛用于各類信件中,如:Dear sir, Dear sirs; 2. Mrs.意為"夫人,太太",是 Mistress 的縮寫。常用于已婚婦女的丈夫的姓氏前;如果一個名叫Mary Jones的女子嫁給了一個名叫Jack White的男子,就稱她為Mrs. White,但不能稱Mrs. Jones; Mrs. Smith lives in Paris. 史密斯太太住在巴黎。3. Miss意為"小姐",復(fù)數(shù)形式為Misses,用于對未婚女子的稱呼;如果一個未婚女子名叫Rose Jones,可以稱她為Miss Jones。Miss還可以單獨用于對一般年輕女性的尊稱,包括學(xué)生對女教師的稱呼;如:Good morning,Miss!(老師,早上好!)Just a moment,Miss.(請稍等,小姐;) 4. 如果對一個女子的婚姻狀況不明,即不知其是否結(jié)婚時,可以用Ms(女士);如:I'm not Mr. King,I'm Ms King.(我不是金先生,我是金女士;) 5. madam (對婦女的恭敬稱呼)夫人,太太,小姐 (單獨使用,后面不跟姓)Can I help you, madam? 夫人,我能為您效勞嗎? (四) good well fine nice 區(qū)別特例good (better best)好的(形容詞)令人愉快的精通的/有益的a good job / bookhave a good timebe good at /forwell (better best)好(副詞)身體好的(形容詞)Well done! sing wellfeel wellfine (finer finest)晴朗的健康的a fine dayIm fine, thank you.nice (nicer nicest)宜人的好心的高興的a nice daya nice manNice to meet you. a. Did you all have a _ time during the summer holidays?b. Vegetables and fruits are both _ for our health.c. -Whats wrong with you, little boy? - Well, I dont feel _.d. Its a great idea to go for a picnic on such a _ day.e. What a _ neighbour . Mrs. Jones is!f. The American scientist speaks _ Chinese. The American scientist speaks Chinese _.二、短語first/ given name 名 last/ family name 姓 come from = be from 來自 name card 名片 telephone number 電話號碼 email address 郵件地址long time no see ! 好久不見! I see . 我明白了。more than 超過 one of the +最高級+名詞復(fù)數(shù): 最.之一 , as a result 結(jié)果 half a million 50萬 三、句型(一), 常見打招呼用語1. 朋友間經(jīng)常使用到的(帶有寒暄的成分) Hi ! 嗨! Hello ! 哈羅! Good morning ! 早上好!Hows everything?一切都好嗎? Whats up?你近況如何(最近怎么樣)?Whats new?有什么新鮮事? 2任何時候都可以用,但比較見外 , How are you?你好嗎?3適用于第一次見面 Nice to meet you. 很高興見到你。 How do you do. 你好?。ìF(xiàn)在已較少使用)4適用于有一陣子沒見面的朋友 How have you been?你過得怎么樣?/最近還好嗎?5適用于很久沒見的朋友 Long time no see! 好久不見!6. 用How引導(dǎo)的打招呼方式How are you today? 今天好嗎? How is everything? 一切都好嗎? How is it going? 你近況如何? How is everything going? 你一切都好嗎? How are things going? 一切都好吧? How is the world around you? 你周圍的世界怎樣? How is life treating you? 你生活過得怎樣? How are you getting along? 最近怎樣?(包括工作,健康等等) What is happening? 在忙些什么? Whats new / up? 有什么新鮮事嗎? 根據(jù)這個句型,對于不同的問候?qū)ο?,你可以替換主語 How is your family? 你家里怎樣? How is your cousin? 你表兄(妹)還好嗎? How is your grandson? 你孫子還好嗎? How is Lao Li? 老李還好嗎? 7. 你要是碰上了一個你意想不到的人,你還可以這樣說: Its a small world, isnt it? 這世界真小,不是嗎?(真巧?。。ㄔ谝庀氩坏降牡胤交驁龊嫌鲆娛烊藭r使用) 也可以說: What a small world! 多么小的世界?。ㄕ媲砂。。?當(dāng)然,這不僅是一種喜悅的表達(dá)方式,遇見債主和仇人時,也可以用這句話,意思當(dāng)然就是“冤家路窄”。(二)問姓名 Whats your name?= May I have your name , please? A: Whats your name? B: Im Jack Brown. A: Whats your first name and last name?B: My first name is Jack and my last name is Brown.(三)be from = come from 來自 A: Where are you from? = Where do you come from?B: Im from the UK. = I come from the UK.(四)Here is my name card. 給你我的名片。Here you are ! 給你。Here is the bus.車來了。 四、語法( 一 ) 聯(lián)系動詞be : 是。 具體使用時分為 am , is, are . 用法:1, I (我) 后面總跟 am , 例句: I am fifteen years old.2, you (你,你們)后面總跟 are , 例句:You are a student.3, 其余單數(shù)主語后面跟 is , 復(fù)數(shù)主語后面跟 are 例句: He is from England. We are Chinese.練習(xí): 用am, is, are 填空1) It_ a car. 2) They _ cars 3) _ your mother in the room? 4) _your friends in the room?5) What _ your name? 6) These _ buses.7) Those _oranges. 8) Where _ your mother?9) How old _ your sister? 10) _ Kitty.11). She _ a student. 12). Jane and Tom _my friends.13). My sisters _ tall.(二)人稱代詞數(shù)人稱代詞 主格 賓格單數(shù)第一人稱我Ime第二人稱你youyou第三人稱他hehim她sheher它itit復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱我們weus第二人稱你們youyou第三人稱他們theythem人稱代詞主格:作主語,表示誰怎么樣了、干什么了。一般在句首。We are from England. . He is a teacher. 人稱代詞賓格:作賓語,表示動作的對象、承受者。一般跟在動詞或介詞后面。 I can help him. Give it to me . 1、I 和me.我來自廣安。 _ am from Guangan.同學(xué)們對我很友好。 My classmates are friendly to _.2、We 和 us.我們來自英國。 _ come from England.你們能幫助我們一下嗎? Can you help _?3、you 人稱代詞最容易記住的。(你能翻譯下列句子嗎?試一試!)你是一名學(xué)生。_ 我喜歡你。_你們是學(xué)生。 _ 我愛你們。_4、你能推出she 和 her的位置嗎?她是一名護(hù)士。 _ is a nurse.請把這本書給她。 Please give the book to _.5、He和 him他是我的朋友。 _ is my friend. 我想和他一起玩。 I want to play with _.6、it 的用法。-Where is my car? -_ is over there.指天氣 It is raining outside. _ is cold in Harbin.指時間 -What time is it ? -_ is six oclock.7、they和 them. _ are watching TV.There are some bananas, I like _ very much.一、用人稱代詞主格代替下列各詞或劃線部分:1. Mrs. Li 2. her uncle 3. Miss Liu 4. my family 5. my cousin and I 6. our pencils 7. my friends 8. his grandmother 9. your T-shirt 10. Bob 11.their pears 12. the park 13. Jenny 14. the animals 15. my mother and father 16. The car is red. 17. These books are on the desk. 18. My mother and I are at home. 19. Mr. Smith is a kind man. 20. Her aunt is a model.(模特) 二、用所給詞義的適當(dāng)形式填空:1、 is a teacher. (她) 2、 is a good boy. (他)3、 is in the classroom (它) 4、 are very smart today. (你)5、 (你們) are students. 6, is my brother. (他)7、 cant find my ruler (我). Where is (它)?8、 am a student. (我) _like English very much. (我們)9、I like her pencil case. is nice! (它)10、_ are playing ping-pong in the park.(他們)三用括號中人稱代詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Her sister is helping _(we).2.John and I are in the same school. (we)go to school together.3.Everyone likes_ _(she), do (you)?4.Danny gives the book to _ _ . (you)5._(I) have many friends. Some of (they)are good at English.6.Jim is English. _(I) like playing with _(he)7.I love _(they)very much.8.Miss Li often looks after_(she)9.They are waiting for_(they).10.Do you like Li Ming? No, _(I) dont like _ _.(he)5