八年級(jí)英語Unit11 Could you please clean your room教案(I)新課標(biāo) 人教版

八年級(jí)英語Unit11 Could you please clean your room教案(I)新課標(biāo) 人教版1. Background ground reading I. HomemakerA homemaker is a person whose prime occupation is to care for their family and home. The term homemaker is used in preference to either housewife or househusband because it is inclusive, defines the role in terms of activities, rather than relation to another, and is independent of marital status. The terms stay-at-home mother and stay-at-home father are also used.Traditionally this role has been filled predominantly by women. It is still the case today that in some societies many men and women alike view that a homemaker is the natural and most fulfilling role for women. Reasons for choosing the occupation of a housewife vary, but many women choose it largely because of financial benefits and their view of families. In many countries, including the United States and Japan, housewives can further claim certain tax deductions. Feminists have criticized this tax policy of giving unfair financial incentive for young women to choose a housewife or a part-time job over full time job.II. Word study 1. haten.U 恨；憎恨；憎惡very great dislike: He looked at me with hate. 他憎恨地看著我。We were filled with hate for the invaders. 我們對(duì)入侵者滿懷憎恨。be filled with hate for sb. 滿懷對(duì)某人的憎恨, look at sb. with hate 用憎恨的眼光看著某人 vt. 1.嫌惡；憎惡feel that someone or something is very bad: He hated all this bitterly. 他對(duì)一切都極為痛恨。Cats hate water. 貓討厭水。2.不愿；不喜歡: feel sorry about something:I hate to trouble you.我真不愿麻煩你。I would hate you to think so.我不愿你如此想。I hate watching television, I prefer to read. 我很不喜歡看電視；我寧愿看書。I hate getting to the theatre late.我不喜歡上戲院時(shí)遲到。She hates people to be selfish.她不喜歡人自私。I hate young people smoking. 我討厭青年人抽煙。I hate that they should think so. 我真不愿意他們這樣想。 2.choren. (家庭及農(nóng)場(chǎng)的) 雜務(wù)(如洗衣、打掃、整理等) :go about the household chores忙于家事 n. 麻煩 討厭, 無聊, 費(fèi)事 的工作: It's such a chore to change diapers.換尿布真是一件討厭的事。 3.borrowvt.1.向別人借 ask for something that belongs to another person and that you will give back: Do you often go to the library to borrow books? 你常到圖書館借書嗎？May I borrow your pen? 我可以借你的鋼筆嗎？2.借用；采用；引進(jìn) take and use as one's own; adopt; introduce: They are words borrowed from French. 它們是從法語中借用的詞。This is a plane borrowed from the West.這是從西方引進(jìn)的飛機(jī)。 3.invitevt. 邀請(qǐng)；招待 ask someone to e somewhere, or to do something: I invited him to my house. 我請(qǐng)他到我家去。We invited some foreign friends to the show.我們邀請(qǐng)了一些外國(guó)朋友來觀看表演。We invited him for a cocktail party. 我們邀請(qǐng)他出席雞尾酒會(huì)。Most of the people invited to the reception were old friends.被邀請(qǐng)來參加招待會(huì)的大多數(shù)是老朋友。4.encouragevt.鼓勵(lì)；引誘: The cool water of the lake invited us to swim. 清涼的湖水使我們想游泳。III. Grammarcould/ will/ would you？等表示請(qǐng)求 A. could you？ 是一種非常有用的表示請(qǐng)求的形式:Could you please show me the way？ 請(qǐng)您給我指一指路，好嗎？ 加上possibly則可以表示說話人的要求是有所逾越的： Could you possibly lend me 500？ 你能否借給我500英鎊？ couldnt 表示說話人希望得到比對(duì)方剛才表示的較為有利一些的回答。 I cant wait Couldnt you wait five minutes？ 我不能等了。 你不能等五分鐘嗎？ You couldnt / Could you？ 可用來表示一種成功希望不大的請(qǐng)求。You couldnt wait five minutes，could you？ 你不能再等五分鐘，是嗎？ You couldnt give me a hand with this，could you？ 這事你幫不了我，是嗎？ 在以上兩種情況說話人并不真的預(yù)期能得到滿意的回答。B. Will/would you please？形式： Will/Would you please count your change？ 請(qǐng)點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)找給你的錢好嗎？ would you（please）與could you的意思是同樣的。 will you有命令的含義，因此不夠禮貌。 will/would you可位于一個(gè)短語之后：Shut the door，will you？ 把門關(guān)上，好嗎？ 但這種形式只能用于非常友好、隨便的場(chǎng)所。否則就會(huì)顯得很無禮。 will/would也可用于對(duì)第三人稱的請(qǐng)求： Would Mrs. Jones，passenger to Leeds，please e to the Enquiry Desk？ 去往利茲的旅客瓊斯夫人請(qǐng)到問訊處來，好嗎？ Will anyone who saw the accident please phone this number 目睹事故發(fā)生者請(qǐng)撥這個(gè)電話號(hào)碼（警方通告） C. You´ll, wont you？是一種勸導(dǎo)性的請(qǐng)求，主要用于親朋好友之間:Youll write to me，wont you？ 你會(huì)給我寫信的，是嗎？ D. Would you mind +動(dòng)名詞? Would you mind moving your car？ 請(qǐng)您移動(dòng)一下您的車，您不會(huì)介意吧？ E. Perhaps you would表示說話人自信另一方將答應(yīng)其請(qǐng)求。它通常不用于談話或信件的開頭，但可以在稍后使用。Perhaps you would let me know when your new stock arrives相當(dāng)于： Please let me know when your new stock arrives 新貨到達(dá)時(shí)請(qǐng)通知我。 F. If you would是一種非常有用的請(qǐng)求形式。這是英語口語中一種例行的純屬禮貌性質(zhì)的請(qǐng)求，說話人確信他的請(qǐng)求會(huì)得到答應(yīng)。If youd fill up this form/take a seat/wait a few minutes 請(qǐng)?zhí)顚戇@份表格/坐/等幾分鐘。（在辦公室） If youd sign the register/follow the porter 請(qǐng)?jiān)诘怯洷旧虾灻?跟服務(wù)員走。（在旅館里） 這種請(qǐng)求中常加上just用來表示所要求做的事是很簡(jiǎn)單、容易的。If youd just put your address on the back of the check 請(qǐng)?jiān)谥北趁鎸懴履愕牡刂肪涂梢粤恕＃ㄔ谏痰辏?G. Would you like to？也是一種表示請(qǐng)求的形式。Would you like to take a seat？相當(dāng)于: Please take a seat請(qǐng)坐！ H. I should/would be very grateful if you would是一種王要用于信函中的正式的請(qǐng)求形式；也可用于口語中。I should be very grateful if you would let me know if you have any vacancies 如能通知我是否有空缺我將十分感謝。 I Would you be good/kind enough to keep me informed？ 請(qǐng)隨時(shí)告訴我一些情況，好嗎？ Would you be so kind as to keep me informed？(譯文同上。） I. I wish you would也是一種表示請(qǐng)求的形式，有時(shí)含有說話人認(rèn)為對(duì)方本應(yīng)該已經(jīng)幫助他或本應(yīng)已提出要給予幫助的意思。I wish youd give me a hand 我希望你能幫我一下。 J. would和 could形式可由短語如do you think？或 I wonder（ed）if或 I was wondering if等引導(dǎo)。 Do you think you could lend me 500？ 你借我500英鎊行嗎？