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1、as引導(dǎo)定語從句的省略問題
有網(wǎng)友問，下面句中As already mentioned好像不完整，mentioned的邏輯主語是什么？
As already mentioned, the legislation does not consider low pay as an acceptable reason for turning down a job.
這里不存在邏輯主語的問題，而是省略了某個(gè)成分。眾所周知，英語在朝著表達(dá)簡潔的方向發(fā)展，我認(rèn)為，as的這種用法其實(shí)是一種省略現(xiàn)象。以下兩種解釋都可接受：
第一、把a(bǔ)s看作關(guān)系代詞，指代后面整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容，as是定語從句的主語，后面省
2、略了is。因此，As already mentioned等于As is already mentioned。
第二、把a(bǔ)s看作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)方式從句，意為“像......那樣”，as之后省略了it is，it指代整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容。因此，As already mentioned等于As it is already mentioned。
能用于此句式的動(dòng)詞，一般都是“陳述，敘述，描述，提及，說及，顯示，指出”之類的詞，多用于議論文體，是帶有總結(jié)性的提示語。除了As already mentioned以外，常見的有：
1. as already said 正如已經(jīng)說過的（那樣）
2. as a
3、lready mentioned 正如已經(jīng)提到的（那樣）
3. as already described 正如已經(jīng)描述的（那樣）
4. as already discussed 正如已經(jīng)討論過的（那樣）
5. as already noted 正如已經(jīng)敘述到的（那樣）
6. as already stated 正如已經(jīng)指出的（那樣）
7. as already announced 正如已經(jīng)宣布的（那樣）
8. as already pointed out 正如已經(jīng)指出的（那樣）
9. as already indicated 如前所示（那樣）
10. as already hi
4、nted 正如已經(jīng)暗示的（那樣）
11. as already told 正如已經(jīng)告知的（那樣）
12. as already shown 如已顯示（那樣）
13. as already emphasized 正如已經(jīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的（那樣）
14. as already observed 正如已觀察到的（那樣）
15. as already explained 正如已經(jīng)解釋過的（那樣）
16. as already suggested 正如已經(jīng)提出的（那樣）
例如：
Another problem here is that -- as already mentioned -- you
5、will have to construct this XML by hand. 這里的另一個(gè)問題，前面已經(jīng)提到，即必須手工創(chuàng)建XML。
As already noted, there are many ways of depicting average income, including per member of the population, per worker, or per hour worked.? 如前所述，反映平均收入有許多方法，包括每個(gè)人口，每一工人，或每一工時(shí)的平均收入。
Customers, as already discussed, have different
6、goals than users.? 正如已經(jīng)討論的，顧客有不同于用戶的目標(biāo)。
The form of marriage, as already said, was a pairing marriage which was gradually approaching monogamy.? 如前所述，婚姻的形式是逐漸接近一夫一妻制的對(duì)偶婚制。
As already indicated in Sec. 4.3 we see this as a possible direction for a future breakthrough.? 諸如在4.3節(jié)中所指明的那樣，我們看到這是在未來進(jìn)行突破性研究的可能方向。
As already suggested, lawsuits do not begin themselves. 正如已經(jīng)指出的那樣, 法律訴訟不會(huì)自行開始。
2015年高中英語疑難探究 as引導(dǎo)定語從句的省略問題素材
