2019高考英語一輪基礎(chǔ)自練題 Unit 1 Friendship（含解析）新人教版必修1

Unit 1 Friendship李仕才*閱讀理解 “It hurts me more than you”, and “This is for your own good” these are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin, clean my room, stay home and do homework.    That was before we entered the permissive period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school. The schools and the educators made it easy for us. They thought that it was all right to be parents who take a let-alone policy. We stopped making our children do homework. We gave them calculators, turned on the television, left the teaching to the teachers and went on vacation.    Now teachers, faced with children who have been developing at their own pace for the past 15 years, are realizing weve made a terrible mistake. One such teacher is Sharon Clomps who says of her students“so passive” and wonders what has happened. Nothing is demanded of them, she believes. Television, says Clomps, contributes to childrens passivity. “were talking about a generation of kids who has never been hurt or hungry. They have learned somebody will always do it for them, instead of saying go and look it up, you tell them the answer. It takes greater energy to say no to a kid.”    Yes, it does. It takes energy and it takes work. its time for parents to end their vacation and come back to work. It s time to take the car away, to turn the TV off, to tell them it hurts you more than them but it s for their own good. Its s time to start telling them “no” again.1.We learn from the passage that the authors mother used to lay emphasis(重點) on _.A.learning LatinB.being well behavedC.natural developmentD.education at school2.By “permissive period in education” (L1, para.2) the author means a time _.A.when children are allowed to do what they wish toB.when everything can be taught at schoolC.when every child can be educatedD.when children are permitted to receive education3.The main idea of the passage is that _.A.parents should leave their children aloneB.kids should have more activities at schoolC.it's time to be more strict with our kidsD.parents should always set a good example to their kids參考答案： 1.B; 2.A; 3.C解析： 本文是一篇夾敘夾議文章,本文介紹了父母親對孩子疏于管教,聽之任之對孩子的學(xué)習(xí)帶來的負面影響,建議父母嚴(yán)格要求自己的孩子。1.B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“This is for your own goodthese are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin.”(幾年前母親經(jīng)常說“這是為了你好”來要求我把事情做好)即作者的母親過去是很注重紀(jì)律的,對作者要求嚴(yán)格?？芍?故選B項。2.A 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后面的句子“.in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school”可知,指在這段時期里,讓孩子做他們想做的事情。故選A項。3.C 主旨大意題。文章在第三段中提及父母為孩子做了太多的事情,放任孩子自由,導(dǎo)致孩子沒有受到挫折的打擊,所以應(yīng)該對孩子有更高的要求。故選C項。*語法填空My interest in Chinese food started years ago, when I was a young reporter for the Washington Post. Our office wasn't far from Chinatown, _1_ I found some very good Chinese restaurants.That was the first time that I _2_ (notice) the fresh taste of the meat and vegetables of Chinese food.When I learned more about the food, I began to understand why _3_ has this special feature.Many years ago, China had _4_ energy crisis because it lost much of its wood due to overpopulation and poor management of its forests. This _5_ (lose) was very bad for the country, of course, but it turned out to be very good for the food. Wood became very expensive and hard to get, so the Chinese had to either find a substitute for their _6_ (value) wood, or learn how to use it better. There weren't any substitutes, so people found ways to economize.In order to economize in cooking, they had to use very little wood. So they started cutting their meat and vegetables _7_ small pieces before they put them in the hot oil. That way, the food cooked _8_ (fast) and they saved more fuel. The food _9_ (prepare) in this way kept its fresh flavorand it's this flavor _10_ attracts people from other countries to the art of Chinese cooking.1_2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。這篇文章主要講述了中國食物美味的原因。在很多年前，由于中國的木柴缺乏，人們?yōu)榱斯?jié)約木柴，就把食物切成小塊烹飪，食物很快就熟了，而且保持了鮮美的味道。1where考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子成分可知，設(shè)空處所填詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，補充說明先行詞Chinatown，關(guān)系詞在非限制性定語從句中作狀語，表示地點，故填where。2had noticed考查動詞的時態(tài)。在“It/This/That be the序數(shù)詞timethat .”句型中，若前面的be動詞是一般過去時，that從句使用過去完成時，故填had noticed。3it考查代詞。此處it代指前面的the food，故填it。4an考查冠詞。表示“一”的概念時需用不定冠詞，因為energy的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，故填an。句意：很多年前，中國有一次能源危機。5loss考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子成分可知，was是謂語部分，此處應(yīng)用名詞形式作主語，故填loss。6valuable考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空后的名詞wood可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞，故填valuable。7into考查介詞。cut . into . 是固定搭配，意為“把切成”，故填into。8faster考查副詞的比較級。根據(jù)后面的more可知，此處應(yīng)用fast的比較級，故填faster。9prepared考查非謂語動詞。此處是過去分詞作后置定語，表被動，修飾名詞food，故填prepared。10that考查強調(diào)句型。此句去掉it's和設(shè)空處后，仍是一個完整的句子，所以是強調(diào)句型，且被強調(diào)部分是this flavor，故填that。*完形填空Not many people can say they've been hit by a vehicle，but I can.I rode my bike to my daily _1_ practice in a gym last summer.I crossed the street as the light _2_；however，a young woman _3_ me with her fancy racing car.Like James Bond in a very_4_ situation，I rolled across the hood(引擎蓋)onto the other side of the car.You may wonder_5_ a woman driver could be so careless.The truth is that the woman was on her phone while driving，so her _6_ was clearly drawn away from driving，which caused the accident.After assessing my_7_ and believing that all my bones were undamaged in any way，I_8_ and talked to the woman driver.I could tell she was obviously quite _9_.So was IAfter assuring her of my well­being，we_10_ ways._11_ my surprisingly shabby bicycle，I went on my way.I rode into the_12_ minutes late.Upon my arrival，my tennis coach and friends asked me why I was late.Nervously，I_13_ the car accident.Everyone seemed to be far more_14_ than I was.In fact，I_15_ joked，saying that now I know how the squirrels feel after a nice escape.After this_16_ ，I realize the importance of bike lanes and watching out for pedestrians.Now as I drive，I always _17_ for people on bikes so that they do not_18_ the same fate(命運)that I did._19_ ，for all the bikers and runners out there，watch out for cars，as one small mistake could _20_ an unforgivable mistake.1A.football BtennisCvolleyball Dbadminton2A.permitted BbrokeCappeared Dexploded3A.passed BgreetedChit Dmet4A.romantic BhumorousCawkward Ddangerous5A.how BifCwhen Dwhere6A.passion BattentionCinterest Dexcitement7A.needs BbehaviorsCinjuries Dconclusions8A.stood up Bwalked awayClay down Dblew up9A.rude BcautiousCforgetful Dscared10A.parted BclearedCexplored Dchanged11A.Turning in BPicking upCPutting aside DGiving away12A.garage Bparking lotCgym Dbike store13A.avoided BignoredCprevented Dmentioned14A.grateful BinspiredCanxious Dcurious15A.still BevenCjust Dyet16A.attempt BsacrificeCexploration Daccident17A.look out Bwork outCcome out Dset out18A.accept BdeserveCsuffer Descape19A.Thus BHoweverCOtherwise DAlso20A.repeat BcauseCcorrect Drealize【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文?！拔摇痹隍T車去體育館參加網(wǎng)球訓(xùn)練的途中，被一輛跑車撞到，幸運的是“我”的骨頭沒有受傷。通過這起事故，“我”意識到了自行車車道和注意行人的重要性?！竞诵脑~匯】watch out for密切注意vehicle n交通工具，(表達和傳播思想、觀點的)媒介(物)，車輛fancy n想象力，喜好，幻想 v想象，認(rèn)為，想要adj.異常復(fù)雜的，昂貴的，精美的assess v評價，評定，估算，核定undamaged adj.未損壞的obviously adv.明顯地，顯然地shabby adj.破爛的，骯臟的pedestrian n行人，步行者adj.乏味的，行人的1B根據(jù)第三段第三句中的“my tennis coach”可以判斷，“我”騎自行車到體育館參加網(wǎng)球訓(xùn)練，故B項正確。2A根據(jù)該句中的“I crossed the street”可知，“我”穿過了街道；根據(jù)常識可以判斷，此舉是在信號燈的允許(permitted)下進行的，故A項符合語境。3C根據(jù)該句中的“a young woman _3_ me with her fancy racing car”，并結(jié)合第一段第一句中的“been hit by a vehicle”可知，一位年輕的女士開著跑車撞到了“我”。C項意為“撞擊”，符合語境。4D根據(jù)該句“Like James Bond in a very_4_ situation，I rolled across the hood(引擎蓋)onto the other side of the car”可知，就像詹姆斯·邦德在非常危險的(dangerous)情況下那樣，“我”從引擎蓋上滾到了車的另一邊。5A分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在賓語從句中作狀語；結(jié)合該句“You may wonder _5_ a woman driver could be so careless”及語境可知，你可能想知道，一個女司機怎么會如此粗心？how表示“怎么，如何”，故選A。6B根據(jù)該句中的“The truth is that the woman was on her phone while driving”可知，這位女士在開車時打電話。據(jù)此可以判斷，她的注意力(attention)不在開車上。7C根據(jù)該句中的“believing that all my bones were undamaged in any way”可以判斷，這是在對“我”的傷勢進行評定。C項意為“損傷”，符合語境，故C項正確。A項意為“需要”；B項意為“行為”；D項意為“結(jié)論”。8A根據(jù)該句中的“believing that all my bones were undamaged”可知，“我” 的骨頭都沒有受傷；據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”站起身和那位女司機說話。A項意為“站起身”，符合語境，故A項正確。B項意為“走開”；C項意為“躺下”；D項意為“爆炸，爆發(fā)”。9D根據(jù)上文可知，“我”被這位女司機開的跑車撞到；據(jù)此可以判斷，這位女司機很害怕(scared)，故D項正確。A項意為“粗魯?shù)摹?；B項意為“謹(jǐn)慎的”；C項意為“健忘的”。10A根據(jù)該句中的“After assuring her of my well­being”可以判斷，在讓她確信“我”身體沒事以后，我們就分開(parted)了。11B根據(jù)上文可知，“我”被女司機駕駛的跑車撞到；據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”扶起(Picking up)了“我”的破爛的自行車就上路了。A項意為“交還”；C項意為“把放在一邊，撇開”；D項意為“泄露”。12C根據(jù)第一段第二句中的“gym”可知，“我”騎車進了體育館(gym)，故選C。13D根據(jù)該段最后一句中的“saying that now I know how the squirrels feel after a nice escape”，并結(jié)合該句“Nervously，I _13_ the car accident”可知，緊張之余，“我”提到(mentioned)了這起事故。14C根據(jù)前一句可知，“我”提到了這起事故；結(jié)合該句“Everyone seemed to be far more_14_ than I was”可以判斷，他們似乎比“我”更加擔(dān)心(anxious)。 A項意為“感激的”；B項意為“能力卓越的”；D項意為“好奇的”。15B根據(jù)該句中的“joked, saying that now I know how the squirrels feel after a nice escape”，并結(jié)合前一句他們似乎比“我”更加擔(dān)心的描述可知，事實上，“我”甚至(even)開起了玩笑。16D根據(jù)上下文可知，在這起事故(accident)之后，“我”意識到了自行車車道和密切注意行人的重要性。A項意為“嘗試”；B項意為“犧牲”；C項意為“探索”。17A根據(jù)該句中的“so that they do not _18_ the same fate(命運)that I did”可知，現(xiàn)在“我”開車時總要密切注意(look out)騎自行車的人，這樣他們就不會遭受(suffer)與“我”同樣的命運。B項意為“鍛煉身體”；C項意為“公開表明”；D項意為“出發(fā)”。18C參見上題解析。A項意為“接受”；B項意為“應(yīng)得”；D項意為“逃跑”。19D根據(jù)語境可知，“我”現(xiàn)在開車總要密切注意騎自行車的人，同樣(Also)，對于所有的騎自行車的人和跑步者，他們應(yīng)當(dāng)注意來往車輛，因為一個小錯誤可能會導(dǎo)致(cause)一個不可原諒的錯誤。20B參見上題解析。*短文改錯In order to promote participation in outdoors exercise, our school organized an activity to climb Mount Tai on April 10. The majority of my classmates joined the activity.Early in the morning, having assembled outside the school gate, we head straight to Mount Tai. We set out for the top in high spirits when the moment we arrived at the foot of the mountain. In a course of the climb, we cooperated with each other to pass the rocky and steep areas. Laughing and cheering, we eventually reached the summit, which we were greeted by the bright sunshine and fresh air. Viewing from the top, the city was beautiful. Bathed in the warm sunshine, we entertained us with stories, songs, dances and game.This event was extremely beneficial for not only did we take a break from our heavy school workload, but we also learned how to cooperate. Therefore, we strongly suggest that similar events are held every year!答案：In order to promote participation in exercise, our school organized an activity to climb Mount Tai on April 10. The majority of my classmates joined the activity.Early in the morning, having assembled outside the school gate, we straight to Mount Tai. We set out for the top in high spirits the moment we arrived at the foot of the mountain. In course of the climb, we cooperated with each other to pass the rocky and steep areas. Laughing and cheering, we eventually reached the summit, we were greeted by the bright sunshine and fresh air. from the top, the city was beautiful. Bathed in the warm sunshine, we entertained with stories, songs, dances and .This event was extremely beneficial for not only did we take a break from our heavy school workload, but we also learned how to cooperate. Therefore, we strongly suggest that similar events held every year!難項分析：第一處：outdoorsoutdoor考查形容詞。outdoors意為“在露天，在戶外”，是副詞；outdoor意為“(在)戶外的，(在)室外的”，是形容詞，此處需要用形容詞修飾名詞。第二處：joined后加in考查介詞。join的賓語一般是sb.或組織團體等，表示成為其中的一員。join in等于take part in，它們的賓語都是如比賽/競賽/考試等各種各樣的活動。第四處：去掉when考查連詞。“the moment句子”用來引導(dǎo)狀語從句，意為“一就”，所以去掉when。* 9