2015-2016學(xué)年高中語文 第二單元《春江花月夜》導(dǎo)學(xué)案 新人教版選修《中國古代詩歌散文欣賞》

春江花月夜教學(xué)目標:1、了解張若虛，在誦讀中初步感受詩歌。2、緣景明情，賞析景、理、情渾然天成的畫意詩情。3、提高學(xué)生聯(lián)想和想象能力，進入詩歌意境。4、深刻領(lǐng)悟詩中抒發(fā)的游子思婦的相思之情和體現(xiàn)的宇宙與人生的哲理，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生敬畏生命、珍惜生命的人生態(tài)度，以及對純潔情感，真、善、美精神的追求。教學(xué)重點：展開聯(lián)想和想象，進入詩歌意境。教學(xué)難點：理解景、情、理如何有機地融合的。問題一：文中含有月的句子                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            問題二：誦讀文本，理清行文思路、文章內(nèi)容                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          問題三：找出這8句詩中的意象，體會畫面特點（意境）。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          問題四：“江天一色無纖塵，皎皎空中孤月輪”營造了怎樣的意境？                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             問題五：詩人此時不禁對空中這輪孤月發(fā)出奇想，他思索了什么問題？與古人的思索“天地?zé)o終極，人命若朝霜”（曹植送應(yīng)氏），“人生若塵露，天道邈悠悠”（阮籍詠懷），“哀吾生之須臾，羨長江之無窮”（蘇軾赤壁賦）是否一致？                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          問題六：“人生代代無窮已，江月年年只相似” 你有怎樣的領(lǐng)悟的？                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            問題七：思考詩歌的 1736句，寫了什么內(nèi)容？                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              問題八：“ 白云一片去悠悠 ”主要運用了什么手法？                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              問題九：“誰家今夜扁舟子，何處相思明月樓?！币痪溥\用了什么手法？                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              問題十：“可憐樓上月徘徊，應(yīng)照離人妝鏡臺，玉戶簾中卷不去，搗衣砧上拂還來”這四句中主要運用了什么修辭手法？                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              問題十一：“鴻雁長飛光不度，魚龍潛躍水成文”表達出思婦什么樣的感情？                                                                                                                                                               拓展延伸：詩歌中景、情、理如何有機地融合在一起的？                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           春江花月夜導(dǎo)學(xué)案問題一答案：略問題二答案：春江月夜的美景 (景物美)江畔月下的美思 (哲理美)因月而起的美情 (情感美)問題三答案：前八句寫了春、江、花、月、夜五個意象，描寫了一副清幽恬淡的意境。春江的潮水涌動，仿佛和大海連在一起，氣勢宏偉，這時一輪明月伴著潮頭冉冉而升，明月與江潮相互輝映，波光粼粼，哪一處春江不在明月的朗照之中，江水曲曲彎彎地繞過花草遍地的春之原野，花林閃著銀光，空中月光似天降流霜，江畔白沙與月光融成白茫茫的一片。問題四答案：詩人面對這一輪江月深深地思考著，滿懷感慨和迷惘，感嘆江月長明而人生短促，這里月的疊用、人的疊用以及江的疊用，有一種音節(jié)美、韻律美，斷而復(fù)續(xù)，飛絲相接，給人一種清峻雄奇之感問題五答案：略問題六答案：人生代代無窮已，江月年年只相似。感慨中有一絲惆悵，但并不頹廢與絕望，因為詩人畢竟生活在唐代，畢竟有找到發(fā)展機遇的可能性，因此詩人只是點到為止。 問題七答案：思婦懷念游子問題八答案：象征。飄來飄去，無落腳之地的白云象征終日漂泊的游子。問題九答案：互文。家家今夜扁舟子，處處相思明月樓。極言離愁之廣，家家有相思，家家有離愁。問題十答案：擬人。月光懷著對思婦的憐憫之情，在樓上徘徊不忍去。它要和思婦作伴，為她解愁，因而把柔和的清輝灑在妝鏡臺上、玉戶簾上、搗衣砧上。豈料思婦觸景生情，反而思念尤甚。她想趕走這惱人的月色，可是月色“卷不去”，“拂還來”，真誠地依戀著她。這里“卷”和“拂”兩個癡情的動作，生動地表現(xiàn)出思婦內(nèi)心的愁悵和迷惘。問題十一答案：惆悵、無奈。拓展延伸答案：詩人把游子思婦的離愁放在春江花月夜的背景上，以良辰美景襯托離別之苦；又以江月與人生對比，顯示人生的短暫，而在短暫的人生里，那離愁就越發(fā)顯得濃郁。這首詩固然帶著些許傷感和凄涼，但總的看來并不頹廢。它表現(xiàn)了對美好生活的向往，對青春年華的珍惜，以及對宇宙、人生的探索，境界是相當(dāng)開闊的。