2020版高考英語一輪復習 Unit 1 Lifestyles單元話題 語篇訓練（每單元3練）北師大版必修1

Unit 1 Lifestyles課時練(一)閱讀理解組塊專練練速度(限時：35分鐘).閱讀理解AKenny Li is waiting patiently at a coach terminus(終點站) in Kowloon on a misty and cold Hong Kong morning.He is planning to have lunch in the city of Zhuhai, which on a normal day would take him about four hours to reach by road. But today the journey will take just over 30 minutes, because today is not a normal day.Kenny is one of scores of passengers including the correspondent (記者) who are queuing for a seat on one of the first cross­border coaches to travel over the newly­opened Hong Kong­Zhuhai­Macao Bridge.The DS| 20bn, 55km bridge and 6.7km undersea tunnel link Hong Kong's Lantau island to Zhuhai on the southern coast of Guangdong Province and Macao. The mega structure is supported by three cable­stayed bridges and designed to withstand typhoon­force winds.It took more than eight years to build and, according to ambitious plans hatched (策劃) in Beijing, will help form a high­tech and economic region, namely Greater Bay Area, to rival New York, San Francisco and Tokyo bay areas.But those lofty aims feel fairly irrelevant to the band of eager passengers who have assembled at the Kowloon coach terminus on Wednesday morning. This group wants something different from the HZMB, as it has become known. For just HK DS| 120 for a single trip ticket, we can be part of history.“I was the first person to get the ticket three days ago，” says Li, as he waits patiently for the coach to arrive.Other passengers are similarly excited. YW Cheung and his wife bought the tickets on Sunday as soon as he heard about the news about coach companies running the bridge service.“I want to take the first coach to cross the bridge，” he said. “We will meet friends in Zhuhai and eat out with them, and then we will go to Macao.”語篇解讀：港珠澳大橋是中國境內一座連接香港、珠海和澳門的橋隧工程。2018年10月24日大橋正式通車。本文主要報道了港珠澳大橋通車時人們期待乘坐長途公共汽車來往于三地的情景。1Why is today different for Kenny Li?ABecause it is a misty and cold day in the morning.BBecause he has to wait patiently at a coach terminus.CBecause the time to Zhuhai will be saved more.DBecause he can have lunch in Zhuhai by road.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據第二段可推知，對Kenny Li來說，今天之所以特殊是因為他可以乘坐貫穿港珠澳大橋的公共長途汽車，這大大地縮短了到珠海的時間，故選C。2What is special for Hong Kong­Zhuhai­Macao Bridge?AIt can withstand typhoon­force winds.BA round trip ticket of the coach by it just costs HK 120.CIt is irrelevant to passengers at the Kowloon coach terminus.DIt is part of history, more brilliant than New York.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據第四段最后一句“The mega structure is supported by three cable­stayed bridges and designed to withstand typhoon­force winds.”可推知，港珠澳大橋的特別之處在于其能承受臺風，故選A。3Where does this text probably come from?AA fashion magazine.BA history book.CA tourist brochure. DA latest newspaper.解析：選D文章出處題。根據全文的內容和語言風格可推知，本文是一篇新聞報道，主要報道了港珠澳大橋建成通車時的情形，由此可推知，本文可能出自一份最新的報紙，故選D。BThree experimental fields of seawater rice were harvested in China on Wednesday, a further step toward its future practical use. Also known as saline­alkali tolerant rice (耐鹽堿水稻), the seawater rice is designed to grow in seaside flats or other areas with high salt content and has been developed by experts through crossbreeding (雜交) and other technologies.One type of seawater rice growing in Qingdao's Chengyang district, Shandong Province, produced 3.9 metric tons (公噸) per hectare (公頃), experts announced. Once widely planted in large areas, the output could be much higher.The Qingdao Saline­Alkali Tolerant Rice Research and Development Center, led by renowned Chinese agricultural scientist Yuan Longping, was established several years ago. It set itself a three­year target of developing a kind of salt­resistant rice capable of producing 4.5 tons a hectare, which would guarantee growers the minimum acceptable level of profit. The average rice output in China is 6.75 tons a hectare.Planting in the experimental field in Chengyang district and five other plots of saline­alkali land started at the end of May. The five other plots were in Dongying, Shandong Province; Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province; Yan'an, Shaanxi Province; Kashgar, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; and Daqing, Heilongjiang Province. The sites represent actually every type of saline­alkali land in China and researchers aim to grow different kinds of rice able to cope with different climate, salinity and soil structure conditions. The test crops in Kashgar and Daqing were also harvested on Wednesday. In Kashgar, the output reached more than 7.5 tons per hectare, according to experts' tests, much higher than expected. The harvest in Kashgar was satisfactory. The result means it is possible to plant such salt­resistant rice in southern Xinjiang in the future. Xinjiang has about 2 million hectares of saline­alkali land that have the potential to be planted with salt­resistant rice, and if it is widely planted it will generally improve rice production in the region.The seawater rice grown in Daqing only produced 3.1 tons per hectare. A live video on Shandong TV showed growers appearing a little disappointed by the result, as they hoped the experts' efforts would increase production greatly. The water and soil conditions of the site were not ideal, and the pH level was extremely high.語篇解讀：2018年7月，青島海水稻研發(fā)中心傳來喜訊，袁隆平試種的包括“海水稻”在內的80多個水稻品種分批成熟?！昂Ｋ尽毖芯吭趪鴥韧舛加泻荛L的一段歷史，袁隆平領導的海水稻項目使中國技術處于海水稻研究的前列。4Which is the main feature of seawater rice according to the text?AIt has a shorter growing period.BIt is a kind of highly productive crop.CIt can grow in the soil with high salt content.Dit is the combination of many technologies.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段中的“the seawater rice is designed to grow in seaside flats or other areas with high salt content”可知，海水稻最大的優(yōu)勢是可以種植在含鹽量高的土壤里 。5How much rice does a farmer harvest at least to meet the cost?A3.9 tons a hectare. B4.5 tons a hectare.C6.75 tons a hectare. D7.5 tons a hectare.解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的“which would guarantee growers the minimum acceptable level of profit”可知，每公頃4.5噸的產量對種植者來說是最低的收益保障。6The researchers chose the experimental fields according to _.Athe distance between themBthe type of the soil and climateCthe local governments' supportDthe local agricultural conditions解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段最后一句可知，研究人員選擇試驗田的依據是氣候、土壤的鹽度和土壤結構。7What can we infer about the seawater rice from the last paragraph?AThe seawater rice is not fit for all kinds of saline­alkali soils.BIt is impossible for the seawater rice to have a good harvest.CGrowers from Shandong Province were a little disappointed by the result.DThe output of the seawater rice grown in Daqing is the lowest.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據最后一段最后一句可知，海水稻并非適合所有的土壤。C(2019·濟南模擬)Every ocean lover knows the dangers of getting caught in a rip current (離岸流). Experienced swimmers know it is relatively easy to escape the narrow channel of the fast moving water by floating and allowing it to drag you further into the ocean or by swimming alongside the shore. However, inexperienced beachgoers often panic, and try to swim to land, placing themselves at risk of drowning due to tiredness. According to the US National Ocean Service, the currents kill about 100 Americans each year and account for 80% of all lifeguard rescues. These scary statistics may soon be a thing of the past, thanks to Clever Girl, a smart buoy (浮標) that warns swimmers of the presence of deadly rip currents.The smart device is the brainchild of Australian teenager Maddison King, who created Clever Girl as a project for her Grade 12 Design and Technology class. The 18­year­old, who works as a lifeguard during her spare time, came up with the brilliant idea after discovering that most children were unable to detect rip currents.The basketball­sized plastic buoy, which can be attached to a chain of similar devices or the ocean floor, is fitted with a small propeller (螺旋槳). When the water travels at the speed of over 70 centimeters per second, it spins the propeller fast enough to power the light atop the buoy, warning swimmers to stay clear of the area.Though it sounds simple enough, the youngster had to overcome numerous design challenges. For instance, she picked a red light since it is easy to see in the bright sunlight and also because the color serves as a universal warning sign for tourists that do not speak the local language. The device's smooth surface and high handles ensure swimmers do not get hurt, while the black, white, and red striped underside, keeps sharks and other animals at bay.Future versions might include something like a warning siren, which would provide sound warnings of rip currents. Besides, the present model costs about 300 to make. “That's beyond my purse，” she laughs, “the cost has to be cut down.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。在海洋里游泳時，一些無經驗的游泳者遇到高速離岸流時常常感到恐懼，并試圖游向陸地，最終因疲勞而溺水身亡。受到做臨時救生員的工作經歷的啟發(fā)，Maddison King發(fā)明了一種裝置，能在離岸流達到一定速度時發(fā)出預警，從而避免人們誤入高速洋流。8Which of the following is the right way to escape the rip current?AWaiting for rescues.BSwimming to the shore.CMoving fast in the water.DFloating with the water.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段第二句可知，有經驗的游泳者知道，通過在快速流動的水中漂浮，讓流水帶著身體流入海洋或沿著海岸游泳是逃離離岸流的有效方式，故D項正確。9Why did Maddison decide to invent Clever Girl?AShe wanted to challenge her creativity.BShe was motivated by her working experience.CShe was supposed to complete it for her class.DShe was scared by the statistics of the government.解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段第二句可知，18歲的Maddison King在業(yè)余時間做了一位救生員，她發(fā)現(xiàn)大多數(shù)孩子都無法察覺到離岸流，于是想出了這個絕妙的主意。據此可知，她的發(fā)明受到自己做救生員的工作經歷的啟發(fā)，故B項正確。10What do we know about the present version of Clever Girl?AIt's not available on the market.BIt's quite attractive for sea animals.CIt's based on a complex theory.DIt can give warnings in different ways.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據第一段可知，每年大約有100個美國人死于離岸流，但這些可怕的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據可能很快成為過去，這多虧了警告浮標裝置Clever Girl。結合最后一段可知，這種裝置的成本很高，且未形成成品；據此可以判斷，其目前版本還沒有投放市場，故A項正確。11What could the future version of Clever Girl be like?ASafer and greener.BCheaper and safer.CGreener and more effective.DCheaper and more effective.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據最后一段最后兩句可知，這種產品目前的版本成本大約300美元，在將來成本可能下降；根據最后一段第一句可知，未來版本可能會裝有警笛一類的東西以警告人們；據此可以判斷，未來版本價格將降低，效果將更佳，故D項正確。DLiving among trees, plants and flowers can fill your life with beauty. And if you are a woman, it can also help you live longer.Women who live in homes surrounded by plants appear to have lower death rates than women who live in areas with less green plants, according to a research.Peter James and his team looked at information from one of the largest and oldest investigations of women's health: the Nurses' Health Study.For the new study, the team looked at the death rates of more than 100,000 women between the years 2008 and 2015. Then the researchers compared the death rates of these women to the green plants around their homes. To determine the amount of trees and other vegetation (植被), researchers examined satellite images.To make it more believable, the researchers considered other risk factors things such as the age of the women, their economic status, and race. They also looked at whether or not the women smoked.Peter James says he and his team were surprised to find such a strong link between high vegetation levels and low death rates. He adds they were also surprised to find how high levels of plant life can affect a woman's mental health.The study suggests that living among vegetation lowered levels of depression. Researchers say women in greener areas spent more time with other people, exercised more and were less exposed to air pollution.One of the biggest effects of greenery appeared to be a lowered risk of cancer. Here are some numbers. The study found that women living in the greenest areas had a 13 percent lower rate of dying from cancer.James says that it is common knowledge that vegetation helps the environment in many ways. But, he adds, the new findings suggest ways for city planners, landscape architects and policymakers to grow even healthier living areas.語篇解讀：植物對環(huán)境有很多益處。研究者認為，女性若住在四處環(huán)繞植物的地方，死亡率會較低、可以減輕抑郁以及降低患癌癥的風險；而且還發(fā)現(xiàn)植物壽命長短可影響女性的心理健康。12What's the author's purpose in writing the text?ATo introduce the green environment and call on people to enjoy it.BTo show women living in green areas are more likely to live long.CTo show the relationship between animals and plants.DTo give some tips on how to live long.解析：選B寫作目的題。文章第一段引出話題，第二段提出本文的主題女性若住在四處環(huán)繞植物的地方，死亡率會較低，下文對此話題展開說明，并詳細介紹了該研究是如何進行的。由此可推斷，作者寫作本文的目的是說明生活在綠色植物較多的區(qū)域的女性可能壽命更長。故選B項。13How did the researchers make the research more convincing?ABy studying more people.BBy examining satellite images.CBy taking more factors into account.DBy cooperating with the Nurses' Health Study.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據第五段第一句可知，為了使研究更有說服力，研究者考慮了很多因素。故選C項。14When James found the connection between vegetation levels and death rates, he was _.AexcitedBunconcernedCrelieved Dsurprised解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據第六段第一句可知，當詹姆斯和他的團隊發(fā)現(xiàn)高綠化率和低死亡率之間存在密切的聯(lián)系時，他們很驚訝。故選D項。15What can we learn from the text?APeople are unlikely to develop cancer because of living with green plants.BPeople die from cancer more than from other diseases.CLiving with green plants can help lower depression.DThis finding is specially made for city planners.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據文章第七段第一句“The study suggests that living among vegetation lowered levels of depression.”可知，住在四處環(huán)繞植物的地方可以幫助減輕抑郁。故選C項。.閱讀七選五(2019·押題卷七)Everybody wants to be happy. That's why the science of happiness has gained more attention in recent years. Researchers have started to produce reports on happiness around the globe. Researchers think that roughly 40% of our happiness is under our own control; the rest is determined by genes and external (外部的) factors. _16_ Here are some happiness­promoting behaviors.Time beats money. A number of studies have shown that happier people prefer to have more time in their lives than more money. It seems that spending more time with the loved ones can make people more content. _17_ People's well­being rises along with income levels up to an annual salary of about $75,000, studies have found. That number probably varies depending on your cost of living, however._18_ A major study followed hundreds of men for more than 70 years, and found the happiest and healthiest were those who developed strong relationships with people they trusted to support them.Acts of kindness promote the mood. Give your friends a ride to the airport or spend an afternoon volunteering. _19_Fun is more valuable than material things. _20_ Researchers have also found that buying things that allow you to have experiences like rock climbing shoes or a new book to read can also increase happiness.ARelationships are important.BWe should always care about what we can do.CBut it helps to have enough money to pay the bills.DKind people tend to be more relaxed than unkind people.EThat means there's a lot we can do to control our own happiness.FSome research has shown that people who perform such acts report being happier.GPeople tend to be happier if they spend their money on experiences instead of things. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何增加幸福感提供幾點建議。16解析：選E根據空前一句可知，研究者認為，我們能控制大約40%的幸福，其余的取決于基因和外部因素。再根據下文介紹的幾種增加幸福感的方法可知，E項“這意味著我們可以做很多事情來控制自己的幸?！痹诖似鸪猩蠁⑾碌淖饔?，最符合語境。17解析：選C本段的前半部分內容講到更快樂的人愿意在生活中擁有更多時間而不是更多金錢，以及花費更多時間與自己所愛之人在一起會使人們更滿足。而本段的后半部分講了人們的年薪達到大約$75 000時幸福感會增加。由此可見，有足夠的錢花對人們的幸福有幫助，且空處前后存在轉折關系，與選項C中的“But”呼應，故選C項。18解析：選A本段主要講了最健康幸福的人是那些與他們相信能幫助自己的人建立了牢固關系的人。由此可知，A項“人際關系很重要”最適合作本段的主旨句。19解析：選F本段講了善行可以提高人們的情緒，F(xiàn)項中的“such acts”指的就是空前的“Give your friends a ride to the airport”“spend an afternoon volunteering”，故選F項。20解析：選G根據本段的主旨句“有趣的經歷比物質更珍貴”以及下文提到的花錢買一些能給自己帶來經歷的東西能使人們更開心可知，此處選G項“假如人們把錢花在一些經歷上而不是物品上，他們往往會更幸福”。課時練(二)語言知識運用組塊專練練準度(限時：30分鐘).完形填空(2019·河北五校聯(lián)考)A woman professor was giving a lesson to her students on _1_ management. As she raised a glass of water, everyone in the class _2_ they would be asked the “half­empty or half­full” question. _3_， that was not the case. With a smile on her face, she asked the students, “How much do you think this glass of water weighs？”Answers called out _4_ from eight to twenty ounces (盎司)She quieted the students down and then replied, “The absolute weight doesn't _5_. But it counts how long you hold it. If I hold it for a minute. it is OK. If I hold it for an hour, I will have an ache in my _6_. If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb. In each case, the _7_ of the glass of water doesn't change, but the _8_ I hold it, the heavier it becomes. Why？”Lost in _9_， all the students kept silent and listened to the professor carefully.“Our stresses and _10_ in life are like that glass of water. If we _11_ our burdens all the time, sooner or later, we will feel exhausted, even unable to _12_.”_13_ you have to do is put all your burdens down, as _14_ in the evening as possible. Don't carry them through the evening into the night; by doing this, we can get _15_ next morning and are _16_ to move forward.More often than not, life gets terrible when we _17_ too much. And the moment you _18_ your burdens, you'll find yourself feeling much more relaxed.So rather than being upset and feeling _19_ for yourself, start doing something about it. After all, life is too short to _20_ yourself to anything that is not making you happy.語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議類文章。文章通過一杯水的重量的事例告訴讀者：只有卸下壓力和負擔，才能活得更輕松。1A.class BemotionCtime Dstress解析：選D根據下文中的“Our stresses and _ in life are like that glass of water”可知，本文講的是壓力管理。stress management意為“壓力管理”。2A.wondered BexpectedCagreed Dargued解析：選B當她舉起一杯水時，每個人都預計他們會被問到“杯子是半空的還是半滿的”的問題。wonder意為“想知道”；expect意為“預料，預計”；agree意為“同意”；argue意為“爭論”。3A.However BMeanwhileCAnyhow DTherefore解析：選A根據語境可知，教授微笑著問：“這杯水有多重？”這與學生預計的不同，故選A。however意為“然而”；meanwhile意為“同時”；anyhow意為“無論如何”；therefore意為“因此”。4A.ranged BrepliedCread Dexchanged解析：選A根據下文中的“from eight to twenty ounces (盎司)”可知，喊出的答案從8到20盎司不等。range from . to .意為“范圍從到”，符合語境。5A.exist BchangeCmatter Dincrease解析：選C根據下文中的“But it counts how long you hold it”可知，此處表示絕對的重量不重要。matter與count同義，意為“要緊”。6A.head BarmCleg Dstomach解析：選B根據下文中的“If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb”可知，此處指的是手臂。因此選B。7A.shape BpositionCweight Dsize解析：選C根據下文中的“but the _ I hold it, the heavier it becomes”可知，此處指的是水的重量。shape意為“形狀”；position意為“位置”；weight意為“重量”；size意為“大小，尺寸”。故答案為C。8A.better BdeeperClonger Dfurther解析：選C每一種情況下，這杯水的重量都沒有改變，但是舉的時間越長，它就會變得越重。根據“If I hold it for a minute”，“If I hold it for an hour”及“If I hold it for a day”可知，此處說的是時間。9A.fantasies BthoughtCdreams Ddiscussion解析：選B根據下文中的“all the students kept silent and listened to the professor carefully”可知，此處表示“(學生們)陷入沉思”，(be) lost in thought為固定搭配。10A.doubts BjoysCsurprises Dworries解析：選D根據空前的“stresses”和下文中的“burdens”可知，這里表示“我們生活中的壓力和煩惱就像那杯水”。11A.cover BcarryChide Dshow解析：選B根據下文中的“_ you have to do is put all your burdens down”可知，此處表示如果我們一直背著(carry)沉重的負擔，故選B。12A.pick up Bwork outCcarry on Dcatch on解析：選C如果我們一直背著沉重的負擔，遲早我們將感到筋疲力盡，甚至難以堅持下去(carry on)。pick up意為“撿起，恢復健康、體力等”；work out 意為“算出”；carry on意為“繼續(xù)進行，堅持下去”；catch on意為“流行起來”。故選C。13A.Something BAllCNothing DAnything解析：選B根據語境可知，此處表示你需要做的一切事情就是卸下負擔，故選B。14A.eagerly BnaturallyCquickly Dearly解析：選D根據“Don't carry them through the evening into the night”可知，此處表示晚上盡早卸下負擔。15A.refreshed BentertainedCdepressed Damazed解析：選A通過這樣做我們第二天可以重新振作精神，能夠(able)奮勇向前。refresh“使恢復精神”；entertain意為“使快樂”；depress意為“使沮喪”；amaze意為“使驚奇”。故選A。16A.able BanxiousCpassive Dambitious解析：選A參見上題解析。able意為“有能力的”，符合語境。anxious意為“焦慮的”；passive意為“被動的”；ambitious意為“有志氣的”。17A.fear BthinkCrest Dget解析：選B通常，當我們想得太多時生活就會變得糟糕。18A.catch up with Blook down onClet go of Dput up with解析：選C根據上文中的“_ you h