廣東省廣州市中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 第78節(jié) 冠詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞課件

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1、第七節(jié)第七節(jié) 冠冠 詞詞一、不定冠詞一、不定冠詞a a和和anan二、定冠詞二、定冠詞thethe三、零冠詞（不用冠詞三、零冠詞（不用冠詞的情況）的情況）一、不定冠詞一、不定冠詞a和和an1.表示泛指2.數(shù)量“一”3.用于such，quite，rather，half，what等詞之后4.“每”二、定冠詞二、定冠詞the1.人或事物第二次被提到時(shí)2.名詞有后置定語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)從句修飾時(shí),如the lady in black（穿黑色衣服的女士）3.世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物4.表示江河、海洋、湖泊、山脈、群島名稱(chēng)的名詞前5.用于一些機(jī)構(gòu)、文娛場(chǎng)所、商店、設(shè)施等專(zhuān)有名詞前6.“the+名詞所有格”，表示“處 /

2、 家 / 店”，如 at the doctors（在醫(yī)務(wù)室），at my uncles（在我伯父家）7.“the+姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式”，表示“一家人 / 夫婦”（謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式），如 the Greens(格林一家；格林夫婦)，the Blacks (布萊克一家；布萊克夫婦)8.“the+形容詞”，表示一類(lèi)人（謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式），如 the rich(富人)，the poor(窮人)，the old(老人)，the young(年輕人)，the sick(病人)，the brave(勇者)9. 用于指雙方都知道的事物10. 某些固定搭配中11. 用于方位名詞、序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)前 三、零冠詞（不用

3、冠詞的情況）三、零冠詞（不用冠詞的情況）1.三餐、球類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)、棋類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)前2.季節(jié)、月份、星期前3.名詞前若有this，that，my，whose，some，any，no，each，every等代詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)4.學(xué)科名詞前5.表示人名、地名、街道、城市、洲、省、機(jī)場(chǎng)以及大部分大學(xué)、公園、節(jié)日6.復(fù)數(shù)名詞與物質(zhì)名詞表示泛指時(shí)，如dogs（泛指所有狗），trees（泛指所有樹(shù)）7.某些用介詞by構(gòu)成的表方式的短語(yǔ)中不用冠詞，如：by bus / plane / air乘公共汽車(chē) / 飛機(jī)by hand用手工( ) 1.When he came in, _ Whites were having dinne

4、r happily. A.a B.an C.the D./( ) 2.The headteacher told us that the class meeting would begin at _ second class in the afternoon. A.a B.an C.the D./( ) 3.He told me that _ young woman with a hat was his mother. A.a B.an C./ D.theCCD ( ) 4.On _ Childrens Day, children have _ good time in the park. A.

5、the; a B./; a C./; / D./; the( ) 5. _ Changjiang River is _ longest river in China. A.The; / B./; the C./; a D.The; the( ) 6. Why didnt Li Hua go to _ school yesterday? Because he was ill in _ hospital. A.the;the B./;/ C./;the D.the;/BDB ( ) 7.Most business letters around _ world are written in _ En

6、glish. A.the ; the B./ ; / C.the ; / D.a ; /( ) 8. _ book on the shelf is bought in Shanghai last year. A.A B.An C.The D./( ) 9.Our teacher told us we should be kind to _ old. A./ B.a C.an D.the( ) 10.His hobby is playing _ violin and he likes playing _ basketball, too. A.the; / B./; the C./; / D.th

7、e; theACCD第八節(jié)第八節(jié) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法常見(jiàn)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法1can的用法的用法(1) 表示能力時(shí)，相當(dāng)于be able to / could，不過(guò)can只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，could 多用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)，be able to可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。(2) 表示允許、請(qǐng)求時(shí)，could比can 語(yǔ)氣更加委婉客氣，常用于“Could I / you ?” 句型中；若表示同意時(shí)，用can回答而不用could。如： Could I use your pen? Yes, you can.(3) cant意為“不能，不會(huì)”，也可用于表示推測(cè)，意為“不可能”。2may 的用法的用法(1)

8、 表示允許、請(qǐng)求時(shí)用法與can相似。在回答以may引起的問(wèn)句時(shí)，肯定回答一般不用may這個(gè)詞，而用其他方式，如“Yes, please.”或“Certainly.”，否定回答用cant或mustnt, 不能用may not。(2) 表示推測(cè)，意為“可能，也許”，常用于肯定句中。3must的用法的用法(1) 表示義務(wù)，意為“必須”（主觀意志）；否定形式 mustnt, 意為“禁止，不允許”。在回答以must引起的問(wèn)句時(shí)，肯定回答用must，否定回答用neednt或dont have to，不能用mustnt。如： Must we hand in our test papers now? No,

9、you neednt. / No, you dont have to. （2）must和must be 都表示揣測(cè)，意為“想必，準(zhǔn)是，一定”，只用于肯定句中。4have to的用法的用法have to意為“必須，不得不”，強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要，即外界因素迫使某人不得不做某事。5need的用法的用法(1)用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化，后面接動(dòng)詞原形，常用于疑問(wèn)句及否定句中。否定形式：neednt do sth. = dont / doesnt / didnt / wont + have to do sth.(2)用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí),有人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化，后面接動(dòng)詞不定式，常用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句和

10、肯定句中?？隙ㄐ问剑簄eed to do sth.否定形式：dont / doesnt / didnt / wont+need to do sth.注意：need doing （=need to be done），意為“某事需要被做”，表示被動(dòng)。6“had better+動(dòng)詞原形”，意為“最好做”?！癶ad better not+動(dòng)詞原形”，意為“最好不做”。7“used to+動(dòng)詞原形”，意為“過(guò)去常常做”?！癰e / get used to+動(dòng)詞ing”，意為“習(xí)慣于做”。8“would rather+動(dòng)詞原形”，意為“寧愿做”?？键c(diǎn)精練( ) 1.My computer doesnt w

11、ork. Something _ wrong with it. A.can be B.will be C.must be D.shall be( ) 2.Joan _ be a thief. She is my best friend. I know her well. A.cant B.mustnt C.may not D.must( ) 3.At the age of 12, he _ see anything. He was blind. A.cant B.was able not to C.wasnt able to D.isnt able toCAC( ) 4. _ I return

12、 the books to you now? No, you_ . You can keep them till next week. A.Must; mustnt B.Must; cant C.Shall; mustnt D.Must; neednt( ) 5.Smoking is bad for your health. You _ smoke any longer. A.neednt B.had better not C.ought to not D.had better not toDB( ) 6.Sorry, sir. You_ park your car here. A.mustn

13、t B.neednt C.ought to not D.had better not to( ) 7. _ I go home now? Yes. You _ stay here if your work is finished. A.Must; dont have to B.May; dont have to C.Can; mustnt D.Must; needntAB ( ) 8. It is said that your brother will go abroad next month. Is it true? He _ . He isnt very sure yet. A.must

14、B.can C.has to D.may( ) 9. _ I borrow your bike? Im sorry you _ . I will ride it to the park soon. A.May; neednt B.Can; mustnt C.Must; neednt D.May; cant( ) 10. What will you do this afternoon, stay at home or go out to play? It is too hot, so I _ stay at home and watch TV. A.would rather B.had better to C.should D.must ADD