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1、UNIT 2WORKING THE LAND單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思World Food Prize Winners世界糧食獎(World Food Prize)被譽為食品與農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域的諾貝爾獎,對消除世界貧困具有重要意義。我國著名水稻專家,具有“雜交水稻之父”之稱的袁隆平及非洲塞拉利昂的水稻專家Monty Jones共同獲得了2004年的世界糧食獎。Scientists from China and Sierra Leone were the winners of 2004 World Food Prize.The winners were announced at a ceremony1 i
2、n Washington,D.C.led by Secretary of State Colin Powell.Yuan Longping and Monty Jones from Sierra Leone shared the two-hundred-fifty-thousand-dollar prize.Both men were honored for work they did to improve rice production in developing countries.2004 was the International Year of Rice.單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思Yu
3、an Longping is the head of the National Hybrid Rice Research and Development Center in Hunan Province,China.He received the prize for the work he did in the 1970s.Yuan Longping developed ways to genetically combine2 different kinds of rice to increase production.He discovered that combining two kind
4、s of rice results in a better,more productive3 new kind of rice.He established4 the hybrid rice seed industry in China.He also shared his research and helped train scientists from more than twenty-five countries.For his efforts,Yuan Longping is called “Father of Hybrid Rice”.單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思Monty Jones
5、was honored for his part in developing the “New Rice for Africa(NERICA)”.He developed NERICA while he was the head of the Upland Rice Breeding Program.At the time,the program was part of the West Africa Rice Development Agency in Ivory Coast.NERICA is a combination of Asian and traditional African k
6、inds of rice.It resists5 insects and dry conditions and can produce up to fifty percent more rice.It also grows faster and contains more protein than rice native to West Africa.Monty Jones is now a top official of the Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa.單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思The two scientists officiall
7、y received their prize on October 14,2004 in Des Moines,Iowa(美國艾奧瓦州,世界糧食獎基金會總部所在地).Iowa businessman John Ruan provides the money for the World Food Prize.He began his support in 1990.The World Food Prize Foundation has given the prize every year since 1987.單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思1.ceremony /sermni/ n.典禮;儀式bine
8、 /kmbaIn/ vt.結(jié)合;混合3.productive /prdktIv/ adj.生產(chǎn)的;多產(chǎn)的4.establish /IstblI/ v.創(chuàng)立;建立;設(shè)立5.resist /rIzIst/ v.抵制;抵抗單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思He discovered that combining two kinds of rice results in a better,more productive new kind of rice.譯文:他發(fā)現(xiàn),把兩個不同品種的水稻結(jié)合能培育出一種更好的、更多產(chǎn)的新水稻。剖析:這是一個帶有賓語從句的復(fù)合句,在賓語從句中,combining two kind
9、s of rice是動詞-ing短語做主語,results in是謂語動詞,意為“導(dǎo)致,使產(chǎn)生”。單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思閱讀短文,回答下列問題1.How many people shared the 2004 World Food Prize?Who are they?答案:Two.They are Yuan Longping from China and Monty Jones from Sierra Leone.2.Why is Yuan Longping called “Father of Hybrid Rice”?答案: Because he developed ways to ge
10、netically combine different kinds of rice to result in a better,more productive new kind of rice.SECTION WARMING UP,PRE-READING,READING & COMPREHENDING一二三四五Pre-reading一、將下列單詞或短語與相對應(yīng)的釋義搭配起來 AB 1.struggle a.to throw away or destroy 2.export b.to be pleased with 3.expandc.to sell things to another coun
11、try 4.ridd.to fight5.thanks toe.so;thus 6.thereforef.as a result of;because of 7.be satisfied withg.to become larger in size,number or amount8.decadeh.making someone feel worried or shocked9.disturbingi.the legal right of belonging to a particular country10.nationalityj.a period of ten years答案:1.d2.
12、c3.g4.a5.f6.e7.b8.j9.h 10.i一二三四五二、短語互譯A.溫故:從文中找出下列短語并寫出它們的漢語意思1.do ones research 2.graduate from 3.search for 4.care about 5.an ear of corn 6.a grain of rice 7.care for 做研究 從畢業(yè) 尋找 關(guān)心;在意 一穂玉米 一粒米 喜歡,關(guān)愛 一二三四五B.知新:從文中找出與下列釋義相對應(yīng)的英文1.幸虧;由于;因為 2.對感到滿意 3.寧愿 4.使擺脫或除去 thanks to be satisfied with would rather
13、 rid.of 一二三四五三、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.The question itself was ;I was by what she said just now and I didnt know what she meant.(confuse)2.Born into a poor family, Janna has a(hungry)for the top of the society.3.You are easy to get(sunburn)when staying on the beaches on such a hot day.4.The teacher expressed
14、her(satisfy)with my composition on “organic farming”.5.Today we have the (free)to decide our own future.confusing hunger sunburnt satisfaction freedom confused 一二三四五6.We should make a better use of the existing (equip)to do our research work.7.What is your (nation)?China.8.Massage is used to relax m
15、uscles,relieve stress and improve the (circulate).9.Too often children are witnesses to a (disturb)amount of violence.10.Please state your name,age and (occupy)below.equipment nationality circulation disturbing occupation 一二三四五While-reading四、閱讀課文A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE,回答下列問題1.Why has Yuan Longping
16、 struggled for many years?A.He wants to become one of the top scientists.B.He wants to prove farmers can also become scientists.C.He wants to do something for the farmers.D.He wants other countries to know him.答案:C一二三四五2.When Yuan Longping was a young man,.A.many people in the countryside didnt have
17、 enough food to eat B.all the people in the countryside were living a happy life C.no one in the cities was able to help the poor in the countryside D.he didnt like the life in the countryside答案:A一二三四五3.From the passage we can know that Yuan Longpings hybrid rice .A.helps the farmers produce larger
18、harvests B.can be only grown in China C.is not accepted by the United Nations D.is now grown around the globe 答案:A4.What kind of person is Yuan Longping?A.He likes to live with the poor and is ready to help them.B.He thinks much of himself but little of others.C.He is strict with other scientists an
19、d the farmers.D.He has his own dreams to help the people.答案:D一二三四Post-reading五、閱讀課文A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE,完成下列短文Famous scientist as he is,Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer.As a young man,Yuan Longping saw the great need for increasing the rice 1.At that time,2. was a disturbing problem in C
20、hina.He wanted to increase rice harvests without 3.the area of the fields.In 1973,a special strain of rice made it possible to produce 20% more of the 4.in the same fields.5.to his research,the UN has more tools in the 6.to rid the world of hunger.output hunger expanding crop Thanks battle 五一二三He is
21、 now 7.his rice knowledge in less developed countries to increase their rice harvests and he wants to 8. his rice so that it can be grown around the globe.Though he has 9.for the past five decades,Yuan Longping is quite 10.with his life.In his spare time,he enjoys listening to violin music,playing m
22、ah-jong,swimming and reading.circulating export struggled satisfied 四五123456789101.What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat?如果明天突然沒有米可吃了,你認為會發(fā)生什么事呢?剖析:1)do you think屬于插入語,置于特殊疑問詞之后。句子的主干應(yīng)是What would happen?如:Who do you think will come to help us?你認為誰將會來幫助我們?123456
23、789102)該句中用了虛擬語氣,表示與將來事實相反的假設(shè)。從句用一般過去時,主句中用“would/could/might/should+動詞原形”。要注意在使用虛擬語氣時謂語動詞的形式:12345678910注意:如果if條件句中含有were,should,had,則可以將if省略,把were,should,had提到主語的前面。如:Were I you,I wouldnt make him angry.如果我是你,我不會讓他生氣。Should he come,I would let you know.如果他來,我會告知你的。Had they said sorry to me,I would
24、 have forgiven them.如果他們向我道過歉,我就原諒他們了。12345678910語法填空1)I should not have laughed if I (think) you were serious.2)John went to the hospital alone.If he (tell) me about it,I would have gone with him.had thought had told 12345678910單句改錯3)If I became a millionaire one day,I will build a school for the p
25、oor children.4)Have I had the chance 20 years ago,I would have gone abroad as well.完成句子5) (你認為他們什么時候) will be back?6) (如果我是你),I shouldnt do that.willwould HaveHad When do you think they If I were you 123456789102.Indeed,his sunburnt face and arms and his slim,strong body are just like those of milli
26、ons of Chinese farmers,for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.的確,他那被太陽曬得黝黑的臉龐和手臂,以及他那瘦削而又結(jié)實的身體,就跟其他千百萬的中國農(nóng)民一樣,過去50年來,他一直在努力幫助他們。剖析:1)本句中含有一個定語從句for whom he has struggled for the past five decades,修飾先行詞Chinese farmers。該定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞是“介詞+whom”的形式。如:I wont forget the old worker with whom I work
27、ed for three years.我不會忘記那位老工人,我和他在一起工作了三年。2)those代替his sunburnt face and arms and his slim,strong body。12345678910考點struggle vi.& n.斗爭;拼搏;努力He has struggled against illness for many years.他與疾病斗爭很多年了。The young man is struggling for his future.這個年輕人在為自己的將來拼搏。A bird was caught in the net and was strugg
28、ling to get free.一只鳥被網(wǎng)罩住了,掙扎著想要逃脫。It was a hard struggle to get my work done on time.為使工作按時完成,我做了一番艱苦的努力。歸納:struggle against的含義是“同做斗爭”;struggle for的含義是“為奮斗”;struggle to do sth的含義是“掙扎著做某事”;struggle做名詞時是可數(shù)名詞。12345678910閱讀下列句子,體會struggle的搭配及意義The old lady fell over a banana skin on the floor;then she s
29、truggled to her feet.那位老太太因地板上的香蕉皮滑倒了,然后掙扎著站起來。搭配:struggle to ones feet意義:掙扎著站起來12345678910語法填空1)In our class there are 46 students, half wear glasses.2)Adolescence is a difficult period of life,often characterized by a struggle individual independence.of whom for 12345678910句子翻譯4)那個小孩在我懷里掙扎。5)那時他們?yōu)?/p>
30、了生存而斗爭。That child is struggling in my arms. At that time they struggled for a living. 單句改錯3)The working people have never stopped their struggle for unfair treatment.foragainst 123456789103.Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.袁隆平要在不增加土地
31、面積的基礎(chǔ)上尋求稻谷增收的途徑。剖析:句子中的動詞不定式短語to increase rice harvests在句子中做定語,修飾a way。如:Can you think of a way to solve the problem?你能想出一個解決這個問題的辦法嗎?考點expand vt.& vi.使變大;伸展She expanded her store by adding a second room.她通過再增加一間房子來擴大自己的商店。After such treatment the fabric is often found to expand on washing.毛織物在洗滌之后經(jīng)
32、常會出現(xiàn)伸長現(xiàn)象。123456789101)閱讀下列句子,體會expand的搭配及意義You mentioned the need for extra funding.Would you please expand on that?你提到了增加資金的必要性,請你充分敘述一下好嗎?搭配:expand on意義:細說,闡述2)閱讀下列句子,體會黑體詞的詞性及含義The expansion of gases when heated is quite normal.氣體受熱時的膨脹是很正常的。詞性:名詞含義:膨脹,擴大The school system has been expansive in re
33、cent years.近幾年學(xué)校機構(gòu)一直在擴大。詞性:形容詞含義:擴大的,膨脹的123456789103)辨析:extend,spread,stretch和expandextend “伸出,延伸”,指空間范圍的擴大,以及長度、寬度的朝外延伸,也可指時間的延長。spread“伸開,傳播”,向四面八方擴大傳播,如傳播(疾病),散布(信息)等。stretch “伸展,拉長”,一般指由曲變直、由短變長的伸展,不是加長。expand“展開,擴大”,不僅指尺寸的增加,還可指范圍和體積的擴大。12345678910選詞填空(expand/extend/stretch/spread)1)The fire so
34、on to the nearby houses.2)The tourist season from May till October.3)A balloon when it is blown up.4)The cat out in front of the fire.用expand的適當(dāng)形式填空5)He breathed deeply and his chest.6)Many old factories in recent years.spread extends expands stretched expanded have been expanded 123456789104.Thanks
35、 to his research,the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.多虧了他的研究,聯(lián)合國在消除世界饑餓的戰(zhàn)斗中又多了些方法。剖析:thanks to his research在句子中做原因狀語?？键c一thanks to幸虧;由于;因為【高考典句】(2015北京高考)Thanks to the advanced technology,we live in an age of bettered communication.由于先進的科學(xué)技術(shù),我們生活在一個交流更好的年代。Thanks to you,I w
36、as saved from drowning.幸虧有你,我才沒淹死。歸納:thanks to 后常接名詞、代詞。12345678910考點二rid.of 擺脫;除去He finally rid himself of all financial worries.他終于使自己擺脫了所有的財政上的煩惱。You have rid yourself of that bad habit.你已經(jīng)改掉了那個壞習(xí)慣。歸納:rid 的過去式和過去分詞均是rid。123456789101)近義詞:free.of 使擺脫break away from脫離,擺脫2)閱讀下列句子,體會rid的搭配及意義I am glad
37、 to be rid of him.我很高興擺脫了他。搭配:be rid of sb意義:擺脫某人12345678910Well have to get rid of him.我們必須擺脫他。搭配:get rid of sb意義:擺脫某人He hopes to get rid of his bad habits.他希望改掉他的壞習(xí)慣。搭配:get rid of sth意義:除掉、改正某物12345678910單句改錯1)Thanks of your timely help,otherwise we wouldnt have finished the work ahead of time.2)W
38、e hope that we can get rid the world of wars,killers and everything else that is bad.3)You should rid yourself with these bad habits.第一個ofto 去掉get withof 12345678910句子4) (虧得你們幫助),we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.5)The play succeeded (由于出色的表演)of the whole cast.Thanks to your help thanks to
39、the fine acting 123456789105.Using his hybrid rice,farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.用他的雜交水稻種子,農(nóng)民們種出的糧食比以前多了一倍。剖析:1)本句中的動詞-ing短語using his hybrid rice做方式狀語。動詞-ing形式除了做方式狀語外,也可以做時間狀語、原因狀語或結(jié)果狀語。2)as.as前可以用表示倍數(shù)的詞來修飾,如half,a quarter,twice,three times等,意為“是的多少倍”。12345678910倍數(shù)的表達可用下面五
40、個句型:倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞原級+as倍數(shù)+形容詞/副詞比較級+than倍數(shù)+the+名詞(size,length,width,height,amount等)+of倍數(shù)+what+clauseby+倍數(shù)This tree is three times as tall as that one.這棵樹的高度是那棵樹的三倍。This room is twice larger than that one.這個房間比那個房間大一倍。12345678910The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.新擴建的
41、廣場的面積是先前的四倍。The production of our factory is five times what it was five years ago.我們工廠的產(chǎn)量是五年前的五倍。Compared with that of last year,our coal output has increased by four times.與去年相比,我們的煤的產(chǎn)量增加了四倍。歸納:times表示倍數(shù),一般只限于表示基數(shù)詞在內(nèi)的三倍或三倍以上;若表示兩倍,可用twice或double。times表示的倍數(shù)也可以用分數(shù)、百分數(shù)替換。12345678910完成句子1)The new stad
42、ium being built for the next Asian Games will be (三倍大) the present one.2)Our city has developed into a big city,which is (四倍) it used to be.3)Lilys bag looked just the same as Marys,but it cost (兩倍) hers.three times as big as/three times the size of four times the size of what twice as much as 單句改錯4
43、)The newly-built bridge is twice as longer as the old one.5)His room is three times size of ours.longerlong 在times和size之間加the 123456789106.Yuan Longping is quite satisfied with his life.袁隆平很滿意他的生活?？键cbe satisfied with對感到滿意One shouldnt be satisfied with only a little success.一個人不應(yīng)該只因一點小成就而感到滿足。1234567
44、89101)同義詞:be content with,be pleased with,be glad with2)satisfying和satisfied的區(qū)別:satisfying 令人滿意的,使人滿足的。如:a satisfying answer令人滿意的回答satisfied 感到滿意的,滿足的。如:a satisfied smile滿意的微笑3)閱讀下列句子,體會黑體詞的詞性、搭配及意義He was satisfied to win the race.他對贏得賽跑感到滿意。詞性:形容詞搭配:be satisfied to do意義:對感到滿意12345678910Products sho
45、uld be made to satisfy the needs of customers.制造的產(chǎn)品應(yīng)滿足顧客的需求。詞性:動詞搭配:satisfy sbs needs意義:滿足某人的需求To our satisfaction,the problem was well dealt with.使我們滿意的是,問題得到了很好的處理。詞性:名詞搭配:to sbs satisfaction意義:令人滿意的是He looked at our works of art with satisfaction.他滿意地看著我們的藝術(shù)作品。搭配:with satisfaction意義:滿意地 123456789
46、10用satisfy的正確形式或其搭配填空1)The government tried its best to the peoples needs,but the people were still not .In fact,what the government did was not .2)She was with the result.We knew it from her look.3)Those girls gave a wonderful and impressing concert.Their parents watched and nodded their heads .sat
47、isfy satisfied satisfying satisfied satisfied 單句改錯4)From his satisfying look I know he has passed the exam.with satisfaction satisfyingsatisfied 123456789107.He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他寧愿把時間花在自己的業(yè)余愛好上?？键cwould rather 寧愿;寧可If you would rather be alone,well all leave here.如果你寧愿獨自一人
48、,那我們都離開這兒。歸納:would rather后接動詞原形。12345678910would rather do sth 的否定形式為would rather not do sth。would rather沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,它通常用于以下兩種句型:I would rather stay at home than go out on Sunday.星期天我寧愿待在家里也不愿外出。The children would walk rather than take a bus.孩子們寧愿步行也不愿乘公共汽車。123456789102)would rather (that) sb did sth/
49、had done sth寧愿某人做(了)某事(從句的謂語動詞用虛擬語氣)I would rather you came with us.我寧愿你跟我們一起。(表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦嵪喾?謂語動詞用一般過去時)Id rather you hadnt done that.我寧愿你沒做那件事。(表示與過去事實相反,謂語動詞用過去完成時)歸納:would rather后接句子用虛擬語氣時,其后的從句應(yīng)用一般過去時來表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼氖聦嵪喾?用過去完成時來表示與過去的事實相反。12345678910語法填空1)George is going to talk about the geography of
50、his country,but Id rather he(focus) more on its culture.2)Yuan Longping is quite satisfied with his life and he keep time for his hobbies than spend money on himself or lead a comfortable life.focused would rather 12345678910單句改錯3)Dont come tonight.I would rather you would come tomorrow.4)I would ra
51、ther I havent gone to the theatre yesterday.5)He would rather die than to give in to the enemy.would comecame haventhadnt 去掉第一個to 123456789108.Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.在自己身上花錢享受或者過舒適的生活對他來說一點也不重要。剖析:動詞-ing短語spending money on himself or lea
52、ding a comfortable life在句中做主語。123456789101)動詞-ing短語做主語時,為了保持句子的平衡,常常用it來做形式主語。如:It is no use asking him for help.向他求助是沒有用的。2)主語用了動詞-ing形式,表語和賓語也要用動詞-ing形式,這在英語中稱為對稱性。如:Seeing is believing.眼見為實。12345678910單句改錯1)To my knowledge,exposed to sunlight in Hainan will surely burn your skin.2)Its no use to a
53、rgue with him.exposedbeing exposed to arguearguing 123456789109.He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.于是,他拿出好幾百萬元幫助其他人進行農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)研究?？键c一therefore adv. 因此;所以;因而Ive never been to Italy and therefore I dont know much about it.我從未去過意大利,因此我對它并不太了解。He had gone;she
54、 therefore gave the money to me.他已經(jīng)走了,因而她把錢給了我。12345678910考點二equip vt.& vi.配備;裝備They equipped themselves for the expedition.他們?yōu)檫h征治裝。Please equip yourself with a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam.請準(zhǔn)備一支削好的鉛筆和一塊橡皮參加考試。We should equip our army with modern weapons.我們應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)代化的武器來裝備我們的軍隊。歸納:1)equip的過去式和
55、過去分詞需要雙寫最后一個字母p再加-ed。2)equip與介詞with連用,意思是“用配備/裝備”;與介詞for連用,表示“為而武裝/裝備”。12345678910閱讀下列例句,體會黑體詞的詞性及含義They are going to buy some modern equipment.他們打算購買一些現(xiàn)代設(shè)備。詞性:名詞含義:設(shè)備注意:equipment 是不可數(shù)名詞。12345678910語法填空1)All cars nowadays are (equip) with safety belts.2)So far,some new office equipment brought in by
56、 our school.3)It rained hard.,we had to stay indoors.4)Is your room (equip) with an air conditioner?equipped has been Therefore equipped 12345678910單句改錯5)All offices of the company are equipped with modern working equipments.6)This library is equipped with atomic research.equipmentsequipment withfor
57、 1234567891010.Now,many years later,Yuan Longping has another dream:to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe.如今,很多年后,袁隆平還有另外一個夢想,那就是他的稻谷可以出口并在全球種植。剖析:本句的so that 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。如:The people all over the world are trying to save energy so that the earth can be protected.全世界的人們都在努力節(jié)約能源,為的是
58、保護地球。考點export vt.& vi.輸出;出口We export rice and import oil.我們出口大米,進口石油。Our factory exports to Southeast Asia.我們廠向東南亞出口產(chǎn)品。123456789101)export也可用作名詞,意為“輸出,出口”“出口物,輸出品”。Most of our products are for export.我們的大部分產(chǎn)品出口。Cotton is an important export of the United States.棉花是美國一項重要的出口物資。歸納:export做名詞,意為“輸出,出口”講
59、時,是不可數(shù)名詞;做“出口物,輸出品”講時,是可數(shù)名詞。123456789102)閱讀下列句子,體會黑體詞的詞性及含義The influence of African music has been exported to many parts of the western world.非洲音樂的影響已傳播到西方世界的許多地方。詞性:動詞含義:傳播;輸送3)反義詞:import 進口The country is importing a broad range of skilled personnel.這個國家正在引進各種專業(yè)技術(shù)人員。12345678910選詞填空(export/import)1)They sell fruits to the home market but they dont to other countries.2)Japan has to a great deal of coal and oil from other countries every year.完成句子3)我們出口稻米,但進口小麥。We rice but wheat.4)棉織品的進口大大增加了。 cotton goods went up sharply.export import export import The import of
高中英語 Unit 2 Working the land 1 Warming UpPrereadingReading Comprehending課件 新人教版必修4
