高考英語(yǔ)第一輪 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理復(fù)習(xí)Unit3 Life in the future課件 新人教版必修5

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1、Unit 3Life in the future1impression n印象；感想；印記2previous adj.在前的；早先的3surroundings n周圍的事物；環(huán)境n缺乏；短缺的東西4lack vi.& vt.缺乏；沒(méi)有5ache n& vi.疼痛；痛6switch n開關(guān)；轉(zhuǎn)換；突變 vt.& vi.打開(或關(guān)掉)開關(guān)；改變；轉(zhuǎn)換7private adj.私人的；私有的8settlement n定居；解決；殖民地1previous adj.在前的；早先的例句He has had no previous experience of this kind of job.他以前沒(méi)有做這

2、種工作的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。搭配previous toprior to 在之前；先于(后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞)運(yùn)用完成句子來(lái)此之前，我在北京工作。_coming here, I worked in Beijing.Previous to2surroundings n周圍的事物；環(huán)境例句Animals in zoos are not in their natural surroundings.動(dòng)物園中的動(dòng)物沒(méi)有自然環(huán)境。派生surround v包圍；環(huán)繞surrounding adj.周圍的辨析surroundings/environment(1)surroundings 專指自然環(huán)境，從周圍的事物這一客體著眼。(

3、2)environment 可指自然環(huán)境，也可指精神環(huán)境。運(yùn)用用上面所提供的辨析詞填空The girl grew up in beautiful _but not in a happyfamily_.surroundingsenvironment3lack vi.& vt.缺乏；沒(méi)有n缺乏；短缺的東西例句搭配He lacks courage.他缺乏勇氣。for lack of 因缺少no lack of 充足的be lacking in 缺少運(yùn)用完成句子(1)蔬菜不缺。There is _vegetables.(2)由于缺乏技術(shù)，他不能做這項(xiàng)工作。He cannot do the work _

4、skills.no lack offor lack ofvt.& vi.打開(或關(guān)掉)開關(guān)；4switch n開關(guān)；轉(zhuǎn)換；突變改變；轉(zhuǎn)換例句Could you turn on the light switch?你可以打開燈的開關(guān)嗎？搭配switch off 關(guān)掉；關(guān)上switch on 打開；接通switch out 切斷switch from.to.由轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椋粡霓D(zhuǎn)移到a switch in 在方面的轉(zhuǎn)變運(yùn)用完成句子(1)你離開辦公室時(shí)務(wù)必把燈關(guān)掉。Be sure to _the light when you leave the office.(2)首先，你必須先接通你的計(jì)算機(jī)。First,

5、you have to _your computer.(3)這位商人將把他的錢從倫敦轉(zhuǎn)移到世界其他地方。The businessman will _his money_ London _ otherparts of the world.switch offswitch on switchfromto5settlementn定居；解決；殖民地例句The British Empire had many settlements.大英帝國(guó)有許多殖民地。派生settle v安家；定居；解決settler n定居者搭配settle down 定居下來(lái)；安定下來(lái)settle down to 專心于settl

6、e in/into 適應(yīng)新環(huán)境；在新居安頓下來(lái)運(yùn)用完成句子(1)他在新屋居住下來(lái)。He took up his _ in a new house.(2)你最好安定下來(lái)并開始復(fù)習(xí)功課。You had better_ and study the lesson.(3)動(dòng)物們很快適應(yīng)了動(dòng)物園的生活。The animals quickly _ the zoo.settlementsettle downsettle into用本單元所學(xué)單詞及用法完成下列句子1解決問(wèn)題的時(shí)機(jī)已經(jīng)成熟。The problem is ripe for_.2他說(shuō)的話給我留下深刻的印象。His words_my memory.3我

7、記得你在以前某個(gè)時(shí)候提及過(guò)同一件事。I remember you mentioned the same thing on a_occasion.settlementare strongly impressed on/make a strong impressiononprevious4他沒(méi)有過(guò)多注意周圍的環(huán)境。He didnt pay much attention to his_.5由于時(shí)間不夠，我們只能做到這樣。Oweing to _time, we cannot do more than what we havedone.6他胸部有點(diǎn)疼。He _ his chest.7他不斷地轉(zhuǎn)換話題。H

8、e _the conversation _one subject _another.surroundingslack ofhas an ache inswitchedfromto1.lose sight of.看不見(jiàn)；失去聯(lián)系；忽視2.speed up 加速1lose sight of.看不見(jiàn)；失去聯(lián)系；忽視例句拓展Ive lost sight of that brid.我看不見(jiàn)那只小鳥了。out of sight 看不見(jiàn)；在視野之外catch sight of 瞥見(jiàn)；突然看見(jiàn)at first sight 初見(jiàn)；乍看之下運(yùn)用完成句子(1)我和他完全失去了聯(lián)系。I _ him entirely.

9、(2)飛機(jī)向上飛去，隨即看不見(jiàn)了。The plane flew upwards and_.(3)她對(duì)他一見(jiàn)鐘情。She fell in love with him_.have lost sight ofout of sightat first sight2speed up 加速例句They have speeded up production of the new car.他們加快了新汽車的生產(chǎn)。拓展at a speed of.以的速度at the speed of light/sound 以光速/音速with speed 快速地運(yùn)用完成句子(1)那輛汽車以每小時(shí)六十英里的速度行駛。The c

10、ar runs_ sixty miles per hour.(2)他在飛快地打字，工作效率很高。He was typing _ and efficiency.at a speed ofwith speed用本單元所學(xué)短語(yǔ)及用法完成下列句子1你能不能盡量加快速度？否則我們就會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)航班。Could you try and _ a bit? Or well miss the flight.2鋼琴占地方太多。The piano _ too much space.3在她等了兩個(gè)小時(shí)之后，她高興地看見(jiàn)遠(yuǎn)處有一輛小車。She _a car in the distance and felt happy aft

11、ertwo hours long wait.4聚會(huì)結(jié)束后她被留下來(lái)做打掃工作。She was left to_ after the party.5她常常頭痛。She often _headaches.speed uptakes upcaught sight ofsweep upsuffers from原句Which problems do you think people will haveovercome in one thousand years？你認(rèn)為有哪些問(wèn)題在一千年以后人們可以克服？精講這是一個(gè)含有插入語(yǔ)成份的特殊疑問(wèn)句。其構(gòu)成為：特殊疑問(wèn)詞插入語(yǔ) (do you think/sup

12、pose/expect/believe 等)陳述語(yǔ)序。精練根據(jù)中文提示，完成下列句子(1)你覺(jué)得我們什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面好？_for us to have a meeting?(2)你為什么認(rèn)為他們不會(huì)按時(shí)到呢？_they will arrive on time?When do you think is convenientWhy dont you think運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，補(bǔ)充完整下面短文，并背誦之His whole morning (1)_ (被占據(jù)) with the meetingand his head ached when it was finally over.Just at th

13、at time, theassistant came in and (2) _( 提醒) him that it was time forhim to meet the customer at the airport.Looking at his watch, he(3) _(站起來(lái)) and rushed out of his office into hiscar.Worried about (4)_ (留下不好的印象) the customer, he (5)_ ( 加速) his car on the way butgot there some minutes late.Among al

14、l the people (6)_(向四面八方), he (7) _(看見(jiàn)) the customerwho was waiting for him, (8) _( 沒(méi)有) patience.He hurried tothe man, thinking of the coming holiday.was taken upreminded jumped to his feet making a poor impression onspeeded upin alldirectionscaught sight oflacking聽(tīng)說(shuō)考試“故事復(fù)述”備考指導(dǎo)(六)3使用定語(yǔ)從句連接句子，豐富內(nèi)容。在復(fù)

15、述時(shí)，常常可以使用定語(yǔ)從句豐富時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明一件事情。例 1：(原文) The couple gladly invited him to dinner and shared thescarce food with him.At night, the couple invited him to sleep ontheir bed while they used the shed.The next morning the merchantsaid good bye to the couple.When he arrived home, he had a lovelyhouse bui

16、lt for the couple in return for their kindness andhospitality.本段文字可發(fā)揮定語(yǔ)從句的作用。參考答案：athe couple gladly shared the scarce food with him andinvited him to sleep on their bed, which greatly impressed him.b.their kindness and hospitality left a deep impression on themerchant, because of which he had a bea

17、utiful house built for themafter he reached home.4多種方法概括人物心情。故事的發(fā)展情節(jié)經(jīng)常伴隨著人物心情的變化?？忌捎靡韵路椒枋鋈宋镄那椤＠?2：Several days later, the parents received news from the policethat their son had committed suicide by falling from a building.Ingreat pain, the parents went to identify the body of their son anddiscove

18、red that their son had only one arm and one leg.a.使用形容詞直接描述。如：the grief-stricken parentsb.使用非謂語(yǔ)。如：Grief-stricken, the parents went to identifythe body of their son。c.使用介詞詞組。如：in great pain, to ones surprise/amazement/disappointment, with a smile on ones face。d.使用常用句型 “so/such.that”。如：The parents wer

19、e so sad that they went to identify the body oftheir son.以上復(fù)述故事的方法與任務(wù)寫作摘要導(dǎo)寫的技巧，學(xué)生可融會(huì)貫通，通過(guò)口語(yǔ)促進(jìn)寫作技巧的提高，通過(guò)寫作鍛煉口語(yǔ)復(fù)述能力。寫作基礎(chǔ)指導(dǎo)二怎樣寫好英語(yǔ)句子(二)二、表達(dá)原因的結(jié)構(gòu)掌握好表達(dá)原因的結(jié)構(gòu)是十分重要的，幾乎所有的寫作試題都要求寫原因或可以寫原因。英語(yǔ)中用來(lái)表達(dá)原因這一概念的 結(jié) 構(gòu) 有 多 種 。 我 們 可 用 as, because, since, seeing that,considering that, now that, not that. 等詞( 詞組) 引出表示原因的

20、從句。如：Now that we have seen these great achievements with our owneyes, we feel more proud than ever of our country.既然我們親眼看到這些偉大的成就，我們更加為我們的祖國(guó)感到驕傲了。Professor Liu is strict with us because he wants us to makerapid progress.劉教授對(duì)我們要求嚴(yán)格，因?yàn)樗胛覀內(nèi)〉每焖龠M(jìn)步。Since we live near the sea, we enjoy a healthy climate.由

21、于我們住在海的附近，我們這的氣候很有益于健康。三、否定結(jié)構(gòu)否定結(jié)構(gòu)除了在助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、be 和 have 后面加 not之外，還有許多不含 not 的否定結(jié)構(gòu)。若能正確使用他們，文章會(huì)顯得生動(dòng)活潑，增加寫作的閃光點(diǎn)。1含有否定意義的詞匯和短語(yǔ)：介詞：against, beyond, but, except, without, .形容詞和動(dòng)詞：absent, deny, differ, different, fail, free, ignore,miss, refuse, the last, used to, reluctant, lack.短語(yǔ)：keep.from, protect.fro

22、m, prevent.from, let alone, at aloss, in vain, instead of, out of the question, rather than, too.to, byno means, anything but, .以下列舉的詞和詞組本身就具有否定的含義，因此無(wú)需用否定詞。如：Women fail to get the equal rights in some countries.在一些國(guó)家里婦女沒(méi)有得到平等的權(quán)利。This is by no means the best way to solve the problem ofenergy crisis.

23、這不是解決能源危機(jī)的最好的辦法。2含有半否定意義的詞語(yǔ)：barely, hardly, few, little, rarely, scarcely, seldom, not all, noteveryone, not everything。如：We could hardly see any fresh vegetables in winter on marketseveral years ago.幾年前在冬天市場(chǎng)上很難見(jiàn)到新鮮蔬菜。These young people know little about how to choose goodbooks to read.這些年輕人幾乎不知道如何挑

24、選優(yōu)秀的書籍來(lái)讀。3不含否定意義的否定結(jié)構(gòu)有些詞和詞組形式上是否定結(jié)構(gòu)，但其含義是肯定的，比如：cannot but, cant help, no sooner.than, not.until, in no time,none other than, nothing but, .。如：We cant but face the reality.我們只有面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)。These old buildings will be replaced by modern apartmentbuildings in no time.這些舊建筑將很快為現(xiàn)代化的公寓所代替。4否定結(jié)構(gòu)的倒裝語(yǔ)序我們有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)而把否定詞

25、和詞組放在句首，這時(shí)句子應(yīng)倒裝。如：On no account should we follow blindly.我們決不應(yīng)當(dāng)盲從。No where has the world ever seen such great enthusiasm forlearning as in our country.沒(méi)有任何其他地方有我國(guó)這樣高的學(xué)習(xí)熱情。四、含有 it 的結(jié)構(gòu)it 在英語(yǔ)中是個(gè)相當(dāng)活躍的代詞，在寫作中我們常要使用它。以下幾種用法應(yīng)熟練掌握，并能靈活運(yùn)用。1作形式主語(yǔ)。如：It is necessary for us to master a foreign language skillfull

26、y.熟練掌握一門外語(yǔ)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)很有必要。It makes difference whether we could purify the air or not. 我們能否凈化空氣有很大的不同。2作形式賓語(yǔ)。如：We find it rather difficult to prevent people from doing that.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)阻止人們那樣做相當(dāng)難。Modern science has made it possible for babies to growhealthily and for people to live longer.現(xiàn)代科技讓嬰兒健康成長(zhǎng)和人民壽命更長(zhǎng)成為可能。3引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句。如：It is only by this way that we can achieve success.我們就是僅用這種方式獲得成功的。It was then that people began to realize the importance ofcontrolling population.就是那時(shí)人們開始意識(shí)到控制人口的重要性。從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看，上述句子都不難，或者可以說(shuō)是考生相當(dāng)熟悉的。然而在寫作考試中，多數(shù)考生缺乏運(yùn)用自己已掌握的句式的意識(shí)，而以自己頭腦中拼湊的中式英語(yǔ)取而代之。其實(shí)，只要能恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用上述的任何一個(gè)句式，考生的作文就會(huì)出現(xiàn)閃光點(diǎn)，就會(huì)取得比較好的成績(jī)。