高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) M7 unit 212 Human Biology課件 北師大版

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1、Part 2 Of 29. put offput sth. off或put off doing sth.推遲或取消,相 當(dāng)于postpone, delay。 Its raining hard. Wed better put off the sports meet. 正在下大雨,我們最好把運(yùn)動會延期。 Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today. 今日事今日畢。put off還可指關(guān)掉某物,相當(dāng)于switch off或 turn off。 Be sure to put off the light before you go out. 在你出

2、去前別忘了關(guān)燈。 The central heating will be put off next month. 下個月暖氣不開放了。put sth. aside 把某事放到一邊；不顧put sth. away 把某物收起來put sth. back 把某物放回原處put sth. down 把某物放下；鎮(zhèn)壓某事；記錄下某事put sth. on 穿上，戴上；演出,舉辦put out 撲滅；關(guān)掉put sb. / sth. through (to sb.) 為某人接通(打給某人的)電話put sb. up 為某人提供食宿put sth. up 建立；展示,張貼1. 她老是拖延著不去看牙醫(yī)。 _

3、2. 因為太晚,我們請你今晚就住在這里。 _3. 你的玩具滿屋亂放,請把它們收拾一下。 _ _She keeps putting off going to the dentist.Since its late, well put you up for the night.Your toys are scattered over the room. Please put them away.10. bring up提出；談到 Why did you have to bring up the subject of money? 為什么你非要提錢這個話題？養(yǎng)育；教育 In my day, child

4、ren were brought up to respect the law. 在我小時候,孩子們都接受教育要遵守法律。嘔吐 He cant eat anything without bringing it up. 他吃什么都吐。bring about 導(dǎo)致(某事的發(fā)生)bring down 降低(價格等)bring on 導(dǎo)致，造成(某事)bring in 帶進(jìn),引入1. The manager _ many questions at the meeting.2. Science have _ many changes in our lives.3. Experts _ to advise

5、the Government.4. She was five and she _ by her aunt.5. He drank so much that he finally _ all the food.brought upbrought aboutwere brought inwas brought upbrought up11. wipe out 徹底毀滅 The earthquake wiped out many villages. 地震摧毀了許多村莊。 Five hundred years ago the plague almost wiped out the population

6、 of the island. 500年前,黑死病幾乎消滅了島上所有的人。 No matter when the invaders come, they will be wiped out clean. 不管侵略者什么時候來,都將被消滅。wipe vt. 擦除I wiped my shoes on the mat before I came in.我在進(jìn)門前在墊子上擦了擦鞋。 She wiped her tears away.她擦掉了眼淚。1. 所有的居民都被可怕的疾病奪去了生命。 _ _2. 母親叫兒子把臉擦干凈。 _ _3. 整個村子都被洪水淹沒了。 _The entire populat

7、ion was wiped out by the terrible disease.The mother told her son to wipe his face clean.The whole village was wiped out in the flood.12. fall into a coma 陷入昏迷 The girl has fallen into a coma after the traffic accident. 車禍后那個女孩陷入了昏迷狀態(tài)。 be in a coma 處于昏迷 go into a coma 進(jìn)入昏迷狀態(tài)1. 25歲的瑪麗在過去4個月里一直處于昏迷狀態(tài)。

8、 _ _2. 溫先生從馬上摔下來,昏了過去。 _ _Mary, 25, has been in a coma for the past four months.Mr. Wen fell from the horse and got into a coma.13. decline vt. 婉言拒絕,謝絕(后可跟不定式或名詞等); 下降；傾斜 He declined their invitation. 他婉言謝絕了他們的邀請。 The prices are declining. 物價在下降。 The wall declined slightly on account of the earthqua

9、ke. 墻壁因地震而稍有傾斜。n. 減弱,減少,衰退；傾斜 in decline 衰退,下降 fall / go into a decline 失去力量、影響等 There is a sharp decline in interest in sports in our town. 我們城市對體育的興趣急劇下降。 We are studying the decline of ancient Rome. 我們在研究古羅馬的衰落。用decline或其有關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Industry in Britain has been _ since the 1970s.2. I offered to

10、 give them a lift but they _.3. The number of tourists to the resort _ by 10% last year.4. The town _ after the mine near it closed two years ago.in declinedeclinedfell / went into a declinedeclined14. at any rate 無論如何 At any rate we shall have enough. 不管怎樣我們還是夠的。 I will come at any rate. 無論如何我都會來。

11、Ill do nothing until I hear from you, at any rate. 無論如何,我在收到你的信以前不采取任 何措施。at this rate 照這樣下去Were working so slowly that, at this rate, well never finish the job.我們干得太慢了,照這樣下去,永遠(yuǎn)也干不完這個活兒。用at any rate, at this rate填空1. If we spend money _, well be broken in six months.2. Thats one part of the job done

12、 _.3. _ we will not be able to afford a holiday.at this rateat any rateAt this rate4. _ we must go on Tuesday.5. _ there will be no wedding presents in heaven.At any rateAt any rate15. point out 指出 He pointed out the importance of the work. 他指出這一工作的重要性。 If I make any mistakes, please point them out.

13、 如果我出了錯,請指出。 point out that指出,使注意 I beg to point out that your facts are incorrect. 恕我指出你所講的情況不屬實(shí)。to the point 中肯,恰當(dāng)get / come to the point 說正事,談重點(diǎn)in point of fact 事實(shí)上point of view 看法,觀點(diǎn)on the point of doing sth. 正要做某事時a turning point 轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)用point有關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空1. The guard _ the gun _ the prisoner.2. I mu

14、st _ to her the foolish things she has done.3. The girl _ the lion and cried, “Danger!”4. I was _ going out when you rang.pointed atpoint outpointed aton the point of16. in despair 絕望地 He gave up the attempt in despair. 他絕望之下放棄了嘗試。 The poor woman was in despair. 那可憐的女人陷入了絕望。desperately adv. 絕望地despe

15、rate adj. 不顧一切的be desperate for sth. / to do sth. 極需要某物/做某事Hes desperate for a glass of water.他極想喝一杯水。 Im desperate to get a job. 我急切地想找到一份工作。1. 一個人在絕望時最失望。 _ _2. 到那時候,我已經(jīng)特別渴望休假了。 _A person is most disappointed when he is in despair.By then, I was desperate for a holiday.17. fairly, rather, pretty與q

16、uite 四個詞均可表示“相當(dāng)?shù)?適度地,在某種程 度上很”的意思,用以修飾形容詞或副詞。fairly詞義最弱,一般是與褒義詞連用。 They were getting along fairly well. 他們相處得相當(dāng)好。pretty的詞義最強(qiáng),可與褒義詞或貶義詞連用。 What a pretty little garden! 多么漂亮的小花園！ (與褒義詞連用時表示心情愉快) Life on the farm was pretty tough. 農(nóng)場的生活相當(dāng)艱苦。 (與貶義詞連用時表示不滿意或不贊成)rather多與貶義詞連用,表示不滿或不贊成, 但與pretty一樣,有時rather

17、也與褒義詞連用, 表示愉快的心情。 Everybody was rather tired after the game. 比賽以后大家都有點(diǎn)累了。rather還可與too和比較級的詞語連用。 Id prefer a rather shorter hairstyle. 我想要理較短一些的發(fā)型。 These clothes are rather too big. 這些衣服未免太大了。與“不定冠詞+形容詞+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)連用,只有rather和quite可放在不定冠詞之前。當(dāng)然,這兩個詞也像fairly, pretty一樣,可放在不定冠詞后面。It is a rather /quite / fairly

18、 / pretty long road.這真是一條相當(dāng)長的路。用fairly, rather, pretty, quite填空1. This young man swims _ faster than most of us.2. We have _ a beautiful house in this part of the city.3. The final-term exam was _ difficult and many of us didnt pass it.4. This kind of car is _ too expensive.5. The boy is _ kind to o

19、thers.ratherrather / quiterather / quite / prettyratherfairly1. Theres no point (in) doing sth.做某事沒有意義 There is no point in lying. Ill find out anyway. 撒謊沒有用的,無論如何我都會查清楚的。 類似的句型： There is no use (in) doing/ It no use (in) doing 做某事沒有用 Its / Theres no use arguing with him. 跟他爭論是沒用的。抱怨于事無補(bǔ)；他們沒辦法幫助你。_T

20、here is no point (in) complaining. They cant do anything to help you.2. Doping is not only a problem in athletics, it is part of every sport where athletes seek to achieve beyond their natural limits and are prepared to cheat to do so. 服用興奮劑不僅僅是田徑運(yùn)動的問題，也是 有些運(yùn)動員想尋求超常體育成績而準(zhǔn)備欺騙 的任何一項體育項目的問題。 句中where引導(dǎo)的

21、是定語從句,從句從where到to do so,修飾sport,定語從句的主語是athletes,seek to achieve和are prepared to cheat共用一個主語athletes。3. Scientists now guess that up to 50% of the areas population died from this epidemic making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire. 現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家們猜測，當(dāng)時那一地區(qū)有50%的 人口死于那場瘟疫，使之成為羅馬帝國衰落 的主要原因

22、之一。 making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire在句中作結(jié)果狀語。分詞短語在句中還可作時間、原因、條件和伴隨狀語。 Hearing the news, Tom was much surprised. (時間狀語) 聽到這個消息,湯姆非常吃驚。Not knowing the address, they couldnt get in touch with him.(原因狀語)因為不知道地址,所以他們不能與他聯(lián)系。Having enough money, I will buy a big house with a

23、 garden. (條件狀語) 如果有足夠的錢,我就要買一個帶花園的大房子。He stood there waiting for his parents. (伴隨狀語)他站在那里等他的父母。4. It struck near the end of the First World War and left families mourning worldwide. 它開始于第一次世界大戰(zhàn)末期，結(jié)果使世界 各地的許多家庭承受喪親之痛。 句中的left是leave的過去式,在此意為“使 處于某種狀態(tài)”,families mourning worldwide 是left的賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語。leave后面

24、常常接 過去分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、現(xiàn)在分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、 形容詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和介詞短語的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)等。I am sorry I have left some of your questions unanswered.對不起你的一些問題我還沒有回答。Dont leave him waiting outside.不要讓他在外面等。Who was it that left the door open?是誰讓門開著的?His illness left him with a weak heart.他的病使得他的心臟衰弱。健康與飲食健康與飲食(讀寫任務(wù)讀寫任務(wù)) “健康就是幸福，人人健康，國家富強(qiáng)”這句話正說明了健康

25、的重要性。健康的身體，是學(xué)習(xí)、工作、生活的基本保證。 飲食健康指各種食物食品、湯水飲料的介紹、健康飲食、綠色食品、飲食文化、快餐、飲食習(xí)慣與喜好；健身與鍛煉、保健、個人衛(wèi)生、各種疾病與防治、意外事故、醫(yī)療保險，財富與健康等等。健康與飲食這個話題在讀寫任務(wù)中常常涉及西式快餐的利與弊；飲食習(xí)慣；中西飲食對比；鍛煉與健康；你對健康食品的認(rèn)識；你為什么喜歡某種飲食；怎樣保持心理健康；怎樣保持身體健康；什么是真正的健康；醫(yī)療保險；你對“綠色食品”的認(rèn)識；分析人們越來越熱衷于“綠色食品”的原因，以及怎樣才能保證“綠色食品”的質(zhì)量等問題。實(shí)用表達(dá)：suffer from 遭受， 患上near-sighted

26、 近視的feel stressed/depressed 感到緊張/沮喪have a pain in 某處疼痛mentally unhealthy 心理不健康的physical and psychological health身心健康relax oneself 自我輕松relieve pressure 緩解壓力go on diet 節(jié)食proper diet 恰當(dāng)?shù)娘嬍硉ake three meals on time 按時吃三餐eat much junk food 吃很多的垃圾食品(un)healthy eating habits (不)健康的飲食習(xí)慣be high / low / rich i

27、n 含量高/低/豐富be optimistic / pessimistic about 對樂觀/悲觀physical and mental condition 生理和心理狀況feel weak / well / terrible 感覺虛弱/健康/很糟face difficulties with courage 勇敢面對困難 閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。 Sleep is a serious business for Chinas education authorities. Yu Jianwei, an official with the National Peo

28、ples Congress Internal and Judicial Affairs Department, said that according to a survey, at least 30 million students under the age of 17 have suffered from a variety of emotional and behavioral problems. The number of people under the age of 18 in China is more than 300 million. As early as in 1994

29、, the National Educational Committee (the predecessor of the Ministry of Education) issued a document to guarantee sleep for students. On June 1, 2007, the revised law On the Protection of Minors stated that schools and parents must ensure that primary and secondary school students get enough sleep.

30、 The Educational Ministry regulates the amount of homework students are given and also dictates that teachers are not allowed to occupy students spare time, including weekends and vacations, with extra classes.In 2008, schools in three districts in Shanghai began asking students to arrive half an ho

31、ur later, and replaced the original morning reading time with physical activity.In addition to Shenyang, many other provinces and cities have introduced measures to ensure primary and secondary school students get more sleep. 【寫作內(nèi)容【寫作內(nèi)容】 1以約30個詞概括這段短文的內(nèi)容； 2然后以約120個詞結(jié)合自身所見談?wù)勀銓Α扒嗌倌甑乃吲c健康”的看法，內(nèi)容包括： (1)

32、青少年缺乏睡眠的危害； (2)青少年缺乏睡眠的原因； (3)你的看法。 【寫作要求【寫作要求】 可以參照閱讀材料但不得直接引用原文中的句子。_ 該篇讀寫任務(wù)閱讀材料給我們的信息是：由于各方面的原因，青少年的睡眠受到影響，從而對身體造成了危害，這引起各政府部門的重視。因此在概括部分要把這些信息點(diǎn)表達(dá)出來。 對于要點(diǎn)(1)，我們結(jié)合自身經(jīng)歷去陳述青少年缺乏睡眠的危害，盡可能使用一些高級詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu)，比如not onlybut also， even worse等。對于要點(diǎn)(2)，可以用as a result來引出，這樣銜接得自然緊湊。在分析缺乏睡眠的原因時，可以采用“先總后分”的結(jié)構(gòu)舉例分析，常用的表

33、達(dá)有for example，besides等。對于要點(diǎn)(3)我們可以根據(jù)材料中對政府采取的措施來表達(dá)自己的看法，可以使用luckilyso I think等類似的短語或句型引出要點(diǎn)(3)，這樣，文章銜接自然，可吸引閱卷老師的注意力，使他們產(chǎn)生共鳴。 下面我們來想一想青少年缺乏睡眠的危害有哪些？青少年缺乏睡眠會導(dǎo)致精力不集中、上課打瞌睡等。青少年為什么缺乏睡眠呢？我們可以從作業(yè)多、學(xué)習(xí)壓力大等方面來談。 From the report we can clearly see that a lack of sleep may cause many health problems，especially

34、 for adolescents.And the problem has gained extensive attention of the society. According to my experience, I learn that a long-term lack of sleep will not only make us tired but also make it difficult for us to adapt to school. Even worse, we are at the risk of developing dangerous behavior such as

35、 depression, smoking and so on. As a student, I know there are many reasons for our loss of sleep, mostly connected with the pressure to succeed. For example, we have to spend much time on homework and other study assignments from teachers and parents. Besides, the present educational system is an i

36、mportant factor. Luckily, some effective steps have been taken to ensure enough sleep for students. So I think only by taking a joint effort of families, schools and the government can we ensure students get more sleep to keep healthy. 閱讀下面的短文，然后按要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。 Some people think studying under pr

37、essure keeps us motivated. Maybe a little pressure does good to us, but too much pressure is not favorable to students. Scientific studies show people studying under too much pressure generally dont perform as well as they do when they are not under extreme pressure. Psychologically, too much pressu

38、re can lead to mental problems or disorders. In recent years, there has been an increase in stress related diseases among college and high-school students. A newspaper article says many students admit that they have cheated in exams because of excessive pressure coming from their parents and teacher

39、s who demand high marks in their examination. 【寫作內(nèi)容【寫作內(nèi)容】 著名英國心理學(xué)專家最近應(yīng)邀赴你校做中學(xué)生心理健康輔導(dǎo)，你準(zhǔn)備參加一個討論會，你的英語老師提供以上英文材料給你們作為參考話題，你參加其中的“壓力對學(xué)生有害”討論，你準(zhǔn)備寫一份發(fā)言稿，內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)包括： 1以約30個詞概括短文要點(diǎn)： 2以約120個詞，就“壓力對學(xué)生有害”這個主題發(fā)表你的看法，至少包括以下要點(diǎn)： (1)陳述你自己學(xué)習(xí)、生活的壓力事例并說明其影響； (2)對你的學(xué)習(xí)成績好壞，你父母持什么態(tài)度； (3)你對“壓力對學(xué)生有害”的觀點(diǎn)和看法。 【寫作要求【寫作要求】 1在作文中可

40、以使用自己親身的經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引 用原文中的句子； 2. 題目自擬。_ One possible version：We Should Treat Pressure the Right Way The passage mainly tells us that some people think although appropriate pressure is acceptable and helps us in our studies, too much of it may cause trouble and do harm to us. Some peo

41、ple think that pressure may help us students; of course, it may do harm to us too. The authorbelieves that too much pressure is harmful. Nevertheless, appropriate pressure is acceptable. I think studying under a little pressure is really motivated to us, but if there is too much pressure, we cant pu

42、t up with it. I have ever suffered from too much pressure on my study. I will be angry easily and show no interest in anything. My parents usually dont force me to get impossible high marks. They always encourage me to make my greatest efforts to do some valuable things. In my opinion, studying under too much pressure is quite harmful to our health. It will affect not only our health, but also our mood. So, we should learn to relax ourselves at times.