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1、Human BiologyBook 7 Unit 21基礎(chǔ)知識排查重點短語突破句法與語法突破五年高考 最新模擬重點單詞突破1基礎(chǔ)知識排查基礎(chǔ)知識排查1.abuse vt.&n.濫用濫用2.fundamental adj.根本的；基礎(chǔ)的根本的；基礎(chǔ)的3.doubtful adj.懷疑的，不肯定的懷疑的，不肯定的 4.seek vt.尋找尋找5.annual adj.每年的，一年一次的，每年的，一年一次的，年度的年度的 重點識記詞匯6.in vain徒然，白費力氣徒然，白費力氣pulsory adj.強制性的，義務(wù)的強制性的，義務(wù)的 8.at random隨便地，隨意地隨便地，隨意地9.contr
2、oversial adj.有爭議的有爭議的 10.at all costs不管多大代價，無論如何不管多大代價，無論如何11.privileged adj.榮幸的榮幸的 12.cater vi.滿足；迎合滿足；迎合cater to滿足；迎合滿足；迎合13.entry n.進入；入學(xué)進入；入學(xué) 14.treat vt.款待款待15.postpone vt.推遲，延期推遲，延期 16.straight away立刻，馬上立刻，馬上17.unite vt.聯(lián)合；團結(jié)；統(tǒng)一聯(lián)合；團結(jié)；統(tǒng)一 18.routine n.常規(guī)；慣例常規(guī)；慣例19.foresee vt.預(yù)見預(yù)見 20.underline vt
3、.表明重要性；強調(diào)表明重要性；強調(diào)21.faith n.信心信心 22.stop sth.in its tracks終止；消滅終止；消滅23.temporary adj.臨時的；短暫的臨時的；短暫的 24.rob vt.使喪失；搶劫使喪失；搶劫25.decline vi.下降下降 26.at any rate無論如何；至少無論如何；至少27.deadline n.截止日期，最后日期截止日期，最后日期 28.concern n.擔心；擔憂擔心；擔憂29.absurd adj.荒謬的；可笑的荒謬的；可笑的30.tolerate vt.容忍容忍tolerant adj.寬容的；容忍的寬容的；容忍的t
4、olerance n.容容忍忍31.oppose vt.反對反對opposite adj.相反的相反的opposition n.相反相反32.contradict vt.與與(其他事物其他事物)相矛盾相矛盾contradiction n.矛盾矛盾的說法；反駁的說法；反駁33.trial n.實驗實驗try v.試驗；試做；試驗；試做；n.嘗試嘗試34.prohibit vt.禁止禁止prohibition n.禁止；禁令禁止；禁令35.equip vt.使有準備使有準備equipment n.裝備；設(shè)備裝備；設(shè)備36.fortune n.大筆錢財，巨款大筆錢財，巨款fortunate adj.
5、幸運的幸運的misfortune n.不幸不幸1.Unfortunately，it is not easy to catch athletes using illegal drugs.不幸的是，要當場查出運動員使用違禁藥物并不是很容易不幸的是，要當場查出運動員使用違禁藥物并不是很容易。2.When he went to the doctor that day，he could not have known what was about to happen to him.那天當他去看醫(yī)生時，他不可能知道他要發(fā)生什么事。那天當他去看醫(yī)生時，他不可能知道他要發(fā)生什么事。 必背經(jīng)典句式3.Our ey
6、es and ears send signals all the time，and it is our brain that interprets these signals and builds up a picture of the outside world.我們的眼睛和耳朵不停地發(fā)射信號，大腦翻譯這些信號并構(gòu)我們的眼睛和耳朵不停地發(fā)射信號，大腦翻譯這些信號并構(gòu)建出外部世界的圖畫。建出外部世界的圖畫。4.It seems a real pity that thousands of people who could have benefited from Traditional Chine
7、se Medicine missed out because of ignorance.很遺憾，由于無知，成千上萬的人們錯過了用傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)治療很遺憾，由于無知，成千上萬的人們錯過了用傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)治療的機會。的機會。-ure/-ture/-ature architecture /kItekt/n.U建筑建筑學(xué)；建筑式樣；建筑風(fēng)格學(xué)；建筑式樣；建筑風(fēng)格creature /krit/n.C1.創(chuàng)造物；產(chǎn)物創(chuàng)造物；產(chǎn)物2.生物；動物生物；動物departure /dIpt/n.C&U啟程；離開；出發(fā)啟程；離開；出發(fā)literature /lItrt/n.C&U1.文學(xué)文學(xué)2.文獻；圖書文獻；圖書資料資料si
8、gnature /sInt/n.C&U署名；簽名署名；簽名 構(gòu)詞記憶2重點單詞突破重點單詞突破1 tolerate v.容忍；忍受；寬容容忍；忍受；寬容多詞一義tolerate，bear，stand，put up withtolerate sb.doing sth.容忍容忍/忍受某人做某事忍受某人做某事have tolerance for忍受忍受beyond tolerance無法忍受無法忍受be tolerant of容忍容忍He wont tolerate anyone questioning his decisions.他不能容忍別人對他的決定提出質(zhì)疑。他不能容忍別人對他的決定提出質(zhì)疑。
9、Perhaps you need to be tolerant of your neighbors.或許你應(yīng)該對你的鄰居寬容些?；蛟S你應(yīng)該對你的鄰居寬容些。13 夯實基礎(chǔ)語法填空語法填空(1)Perhaps you should be more tolerant your little sister.(2)I have a high tolerance that stuff.(3)He was tolerance at last，and left angrily.offorbeyond2 seek vt. & vi.尋找尋找( (look for) )；探索；探索；尋求；尋求( (try to
10、 obtain) )應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)seek for作為高級詞匯替換作為高級詞匯替換look forseek after/for企圖獲得；追求；尋找企圖獲得；追求；尋找seek to do sth.試圖試圖( (設(shè)法設(shè)法) )做某事做某事seek out找到找到They sought in vain for somewhere to shelter.他們怎么也找不到一個藏身的地方。他們怎么也找不到一個藏身的地方。 夯實基礎(chǔ)語法填空語法填空(1)They are urgently seeking the post where they are well paid.(2)The couple have s
11、ought help their marriage go-betweens.(3)Corbett resolved to seek the truth.(4) (seek) for a solution to the problem for several days，they finally found one.forfromoutHaving sought3 cater v.迎合；滿足需要迎合；滿足需要( (provide what one wants) )；提供飲食及服務(wù)；提供飲食及服務(wù)( (provide food，drinks，etc.) )多詞一義cause，cater to/for
12、，meet，satisfy，fulfillcater to迎合迎合cater for為為提供服務(wù)；滿足提供服務(wù)；滿足需要需要cater for sth.提供飲食；承辦酒席提供飲食；承辦酒席Our newspapers try to cater for/to all opinions.我們的報紙試圖滿足各種觀點的要求。我們的報紙試圖滿足各種觀點的要求。 夯實基礎(chǔ)語法填空語法填空(1)Its the kind of movie that caters the worst side of human nature.(2)Its a holiday company that caters the el
13、derly.(3)Who is catering your daughters wedding?toforfor4prohibit v.( (尤指以法令尤指以法令) )禁止禁止( (forbid) )；阻止；阻止多詞一義prohibit sb.from doing，stop sb.(from) doing，prevent sb.(from) doing，keep sb.from doingprohibit sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事禁止某人做某事prohibit ones doing sth.禁止某人做某事禁止某人做某事prohibition against.的禁令的禁
14、令The price prohibited us from buying it.這東西價錢太高，我們買不起。這東西價錢太高，我們買不起。Visitors are prohibited from feeding the animals.禁止游客投喂動物。禁止游客投喂動物。 夯實基礎(chǔ)語法填空語法填空(1)The environmental group is demanding a complete prohibition the hunting of whales.(2)Meanwhile，the Dutch will prohibit tourists buying marijuana(大麻大麻
15、) in their famous coffee shops.(3)A few schools have adopted policies that prohibit _(share) student contact information.againstfrom sharing5 rob v.使喪失；搶劫；盜竊使喪失；搶劫；盜竊( (steal) )；剝奪；剝奪rob sb./sp.of sth.搶某人搶某人( (某地某地) )的某物的某物steal sth.from sb./sp.從從那里偷某物那里偷某物robbery n.搶劫搶劫robber n.盜賊；強盜盜賊；強盜24I cant f
16、orgive Lewis for robbing me of an Olympic gold.我不能原諒劉易斯奪走了我一塊奧運會金牌。我不能原諒劉易斯奪走了我一塊奧運會金牌。Mrs.Yacoub was robbed of her 3,000 designer watch at her West London home.雅各布夫人那塊價值雅各布夫人那塊價值3 000英鎊的名牌手表在西倫敦的家英鎊的名牌手表在西倫敦的家中被人搶走了。中被人搶走了。 夯實基礎(chǔ)(1)用用rob的適當形式填空的適當形式填空Armed _ broke into a jewellers through a hole in
17、the wall.The man was serving a sentence for _ with violence.(2)The bank was robbed and shut down，but reopened last week._(用過去分用過去分詞作狀語改寫句子詞作狀語改寫句子)robbersrobberyRobbed and shut down，the bank reopened last week.6decline n.衰落；衰敗；減少；衰落；衰敗；減少；下降；下降；v.衰落；減少衰落；減少( (reduce) )；下降；下降；婉言謝絕；婉言謝絕( (refuse) )多詞一
18、義decline，refuse，deny27decline to do.拒絕做拒絕做a decline in在在方面下降方面下降in decline/on the decline在衰退中，走下坡路在衰退中，走下坡路In many cases living standards are declining.在許多方面生活水平正在下降。在許多方面生活水平正在下降。The minister declined to comment on the rumors.部長拒絕對那些傳言發(fā)表評論。部長拒絕對那些傳言發(fā)表評論。 夯實基礎(chǔ)語法填空語法填空(1)There has been a steady decli
19、ne public services over recent years.(2)Thankfully，this is a disease that is now the decline.(3)He declined (answer) my questions.inonto answer297 submit v.服從；提交，遞交；呈遞服從；提交，遞交；呈遞( (文件等文件等) )submit to服從于；屈從于服從于；屈從于submit oneself to甘受甘受；服從；服從submit.to.向向提交提交In desperation，Mrs.Jones submitted to an ope
20、ration on her right knee to relieve the pain.絕望之際，瓊斯夫人只好同意在其右膝上做手術(shù)絕望之際，瓊斯夫人只好同意在其右膝上做手術(shù)以減輕疼痛。以減輕疼痛。 夯實基礎(chǔ)(1)If I (服從服從) their demands，they would give whatever I want.(2)They (向向提交提交了報告了報告) the headmaster yesterday.submitted tosubmitted their reports to8 concern v.影響影響( (affect) )；涉及；涉及( (involve) )，與
21、，與有有關(guān)關(guān)( (be connected with) )；讓；讓( (某人某人) )擔憂擔憂( (be worried about) )；n.擔心，憂慮；關(guān)心擔心，憂慮；關(guān)心應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)過去分詞作前置定語與后置定語時意義的區(qū)別過去分詞作前置定語與后置定語時意義的區(qū)別concerned adj.擔心的；憂慮的；感興趣的擔心的；憂慮的；感興趣的as far as sb.be concerned就某人而言就某人而言be concerned about/for ( (concern oneself about/for) )對對擔心擔心/關(guān)心關(guān)心be concerned with sb./sth.( (c
22、oncern oneself with sb./sth.) )與與有關(guān)有關(guān)concerning prep.關(guān)于關(guān)于As far as Im concerned，riding bicycles is a good solution.就我而言，騎自行車是一個好的解決辦法。就我而言，騎自行車是一個好的解決辦法。(江西江西書面表達書面表達)He doesnt concern himself with politics.他不關(guān)心政治。他不關(guān)心政治。 夯實基礎(chǔ)用用concern的適當形式填空的適當形式填空(1) _ the toll-free policy on the express way，what
23、_ us most is the traffic jams while some _ about/for the safety.(2) _ about the student，the teacher called his parents to find out why he was so often absent from class.Concerningconcernsare concernedConcerned9 circumstance n.環(huán)境；情況；情形環(huán)境；情況；情形應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)(1)under no circumstances置于句首時倒裝置于句首時倒裝(2)circumstance
24、作為先行詞時定作為先行詞時定語從句引導(dǎo)詞的考查語從句引導(dǎo)詞的考查in/under no circumstances決不決不( (never) )in/under the circumstances在這種情況下；既然這樣在這種情況下；既然這樣under any circumstances在任何情況下在任何情況下if circumstances allow/permit如果情況允許如果情況允許38The strategy was too dangerous in the explosive circumstances of the times.在當時那種一觸即發(fā)的形勢下，采取那樣的策略太危在當時那
25、種一觸即發(fā)的形勢下，采取那樣的策略太危險了。險了。I wish we could have met under happier circumstances.我真希望我們是在更愉快的情況下相識的。我真希望我們是在更愉快的情況下相識的。特別提醒抽象地點名詞，如：抽象地點名詞，如：point，stage，case，situation，condition，position，activity，race，competition，system，job，scene，life，occasion，environment，circumstance等作等作先行詞時，用先行詞時，用where引導(dǎo)。如：引導(dǎo)。如：He g
26、ot into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.Today，well discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.思考題表達表達“決不決不”的短語還有：的短語還有：_at no time，by no means，on no account，in no way，on no condition，in no case等。等。 夯實基礎(chǔ)(1)語法填空語法填空He wrote a l
27、etter he explained what had happened in the accident.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment they live.He may win the competition， he is likely to get into the national team.wherewherewhereSales director is a position _ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.Its
28、helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently.I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.wherewherewhere(2)完成句子完成句子Under no circumstances _(你必須離開房子你必須離開房子).You must not mention your colleague _(在任何情況下在任何情況下).Iran and Iraq also have th
29、e potential to export more，_(如果情況允許如果情況允許).must you leave the houseunder anycircumstancesif circumstances allow/permit3重點短語突破重點短語突破1 at all costs不管多大代價，無論如何不管多大代價，無論如何(whatever is needed to achieve.)at the cost of喪失，犧牲；以喪失，犧牲；以為代價為代價at a cost of以以的費用的費用/價格價格at any cost以任何代價以任何代價at cost按成本按成本You must
30、 stop the press from finding out the truth at all costs.你必須不惜一切代價阻止媒體查明你必須不惜一切代價阻止媒體查明真相。真相。 夯實基礎(chǔ)選擇方框內(nèi)的短語填空選擇方框內(nèi)的短語填空at all costs，at the cost of，at cost，at any cost(1)He is determined to win _.(2)She saved him from drowning，but only _ her own life.(3)We want to find a cure _.(4)I can buy books _ fro
31、m this bookstore.at all costsat the cost ofat any costat cost2 at any rate無論如何；至少；不管怎樣無論如何；至少；不管怎樣at this rate照這樣繼續(xù)下去照這樣繼續(xù)下去at a rate of以以速度速度They both agree with mewell，at any rate，Maggie does.他們兩人都同意我的意見，不管怎樣，麥琪是同意的。他們兩人都同意我的意見，不管怎樣，麥琪是同意的。 夯實基礎(chǔ)不管怎樣我都要試一試。不管怎樣我都要試一試。(一句多譯一句多譯)(1) _(rate)(2) _(anyh
32、ow)(3) _(case)(4) _(event)(5) _(cost)(6) _(means)At any rate I will try.Anyhow I will try.In any case I will try.At any event I will try.At any cost I will try.By any means I will try.494句法與語法突破句法與語法突破句型公式 It isadj./n. for sb.to do.1 It is compulsory for winners to be tested but other participants a
33、re only tested at random.獲勝者要強獲勝者要強制性地進行檢查，而其他參與者只是隨機地檢查制性地進行檢查，而其他參與者只是隨機地檢查。(1)It isadj./n.for sb.to do.結(jié)構(gòu)中，結(jié)構(gòu)中，it為形式主語，真正為形式主語，真正的主語為后面的不定式短語。的主語為后面的不定式短語。(2)It isadj.for sb.to do.中中for前面的形容詞是指事物怎前面的形容詞是指事物怎么樣，如么樣，如impossible，important等。等。(3)It isadj.of sb.to do.中中of前面的形容詞是指人的性質(zhì)前面的形容詞是指人的性質(zhì)或特征，如或
34、特征，如nice，kind等。等。Its very kind of you to help me.你能幫助我真是太好了。你能幫助我真是太好了。Its important for you to arrive there on time.重要的是你們能準時到達那兒。重要的是你們能準時到達那兒。52 夯實基礎(chǔ)(1)It is necessary that he should be sent there at once._(改為簡單句改為簡單句)(2)Obviously，we dont want to spend too much money._(改為復(fù)合句改為復(fù)合句)It is necessary
35、for him to be sent there at once.It is obvious that we dont want to spend too much money. 53句型公式 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞have done2 When he went to the doctor that day，he could not have known what was about to happen to him.那那天當他去看醫(yī)生時，他不可能知道他要發(fā)生什么事天當他去看醫(yī)生時，他不可能知道他要發(fā)生什么事。情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞have done表示兩個意義：表示兩個意義：( (1) )表對過去情況的
36、推測與估計表對過去情況的推測與估計musthave done用于肯定句，意為用于肯定句，意為“準是準是/一定一定( (已經(jīng)已經(jīng)) )了了”canhave done用于否定句和疑問句，意為用于否定句和疑問句，意為“不可能不可能/不會不會( (已已經(jīng)經(jīng)) )的的”和和“可能可能/也許也許( (已經(jīng)已經(jīng)) )了嗎了嗎”mayhave done用于肯定句和否定句，意為用于肯定句和否定句，意為“可能可能/也許也許( (已已經(jīng)經(jīng)) )了了”和和“可能可能/或許還沒有或許還沒有”( (2) )表示對過去發(fā)生之事的后悔、遺憾、責(zé)備等情緒，至于表示對過去發(fā)生之事的后悔、遺憾、責(zé)備等情緒，至于具體表示的意義則由所
37、用的情態(tài)動詞及其句法結(jié)構(gòu)而定。具體表示的意義則由所用的情態(tài)動詞及其句法結(jié)構(gòu)而定。should/ought tohave done本來應(yīng)該本來應(yīng)該的的( (但卻沒有但卻沒有) )couldhave done本來能夠本來能夠的的mighthave done本可以本可以的的neednthave done本來可以不必本來可以不必的的56You should have finished your homework yesterday.你昨天就該做完作業(yè)。你昨天就該做完作業(yè)。It must have rained last night.昨晚一定下雨了。昨晚一定下雨了。 夯實基礎(chǔ)語法填空語法填空(1)My
38、book，The House of Hades，is missing.Who _ _(take) it?(2)He _(give) you more help，even though he was busy.(3)How could you _(be) so careless？You mistook my clothes for yours.(4)He must _(live) here last year.could have takenmight have givenhave beenhave lived3 單元語法單元語法語法填空語法填空(1)If Mother _ (tell) me
39、the truth when I was young，I would not make such mistakes so often now.(2)You could answer most of the questions now if you _ (review) the lessons last night.had toldhad reviewed(3)If you had studied hard before，you _ (be) a college student now.(4)I didnt hear the phone.I must _ (be) asleep.(5)I cou
40、ld _ (work) out the problem，but I was too nervous.would behave beenhave worked5五年高考五年高考 最新模擬最新模擬.短文改錯 (2012新課標全國) I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive.From the time I was about four until I was about six，I destroyed each of my toy.I was happy when the toys work
41、ed，but when things did wrong， 高考題組I got angry and broke it.For a while parents bought me new toys.But before long they began to see which was happening.When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train，my father said，“Thats it.No more toys to you.”My punishment lasted a year.Meanwhile，I found out that w
42、ith more patience I must make my toys to last.My attitude changed from then on.答案63.寫作常用句翻譯是愛和關(guān)心帶來了這巨大的變化。(concern)(2011福建書面表達)_It is love and concern that have brought about the great changes. 模擬題組.語法填空1.Chinese customs regulations prohibit _ (take) precious works of art out of China.2.I couldnt _
43、(enjoy) myself moreit was a perfect day.3.Why are your eyes so red？You _ have slept well last night.Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report.takinghave enjoyedcant4.One of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school.5.Maybe if I _ (study) science，and not literature then，I wou
44、ld be able to give you more help.6.Its important for the figures _ (update) regularly.7.It is a great honor for me _ (ask) to make a speech here.shallhad studiedto be updatedto be asked8.The first time you take part in a race，_ is very normal to feel tense.9.I have never sought _ (hide) my views.I h
45、ope you will not misunderstand me.10.Nearly half in Lebanon agree that _ is acceptable for a woman to appear in public without a headscarf.itto hideit.單句改錯1.It was reported that all children had physically and emotionally abused. _2.It is doubtful that he will come here tomorrow. _3.I think it quite
46、 privilege to be invited to attend the meeting. _had后加上后加上been thatwhetherquite后加上后加上a或或privilegeprivileged4.They only publish magazines catering the interests of adults. _5.What do you think the underlining word in the sentence means？ _6.I always have faith he will come to our party in person. _7.H
47、e made fortune in his business trade. _catering后加上后加上tounderliningunderlinedfaith后加上后加上thatmade后加上后加上a8.The police arrested those who responsible for the murder. _9.No matter how hard the situation is，you should not lose your heart. _10.We walked back to the house with silence. _去掉去掉who或或who后加上后加上were去掉去掉yourwithin.寫作句式升級訓(xùn)練With kindness and virtue，the world will become more beautiful. (素材來源于2014廣東讀寫任務(wù))_(用as long as改寫為復(fù)合句)As long as there is kindness and virtue，the world will become more beautiful.
高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí) book 7 unit 21 Human Biology課件 北師大版
