中考英語復(fù)習(xí)方案 專題突破 語法互動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)　課件（中考考點(diǎn)+考點(diǎn)過關(guān)） 牛津版

《中考英語復(fù)習(xí)方案 專題突破 語法互動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)　課件（中考考點(diǎn)+考點(diǎn)過關(guān)） 牛津版》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《中考英語復(fù)習(xí)方案 專題突破 語法互動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)　課件（中考考點(diǎn)+考點(diǎn)過關(guān)） 牛津版（36頁珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、語法互動(dòng)（十）時(shí)態(tài)和語法互動(dòng)（十）時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)語態(tài)中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)中中 考考 考考 點(diǎn)點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)1 1動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式、過去式、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式、過去式、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞的 構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。2 2動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞的8 8種時(shí)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及區(qū)別種時(shí)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及區(qū)別( (了解過去將來時(shí)、過去完成了解過去將來時(shí)、過去完成 時(shí)的基本用法時(shí)的基本用法) )。3 3被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成及主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換。被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成及主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換?？键c(diǎn)一考點(diǎn)一 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)初中階段應(yīng)掌

2、握的時(shí)態(tài)共有八種，即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、一初中階段應(yīng)掌握的時(shí)態(tài)共有八種，即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和般將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過去完成時(shí)。過去完成時(shí)。語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)1 1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(1)(1)結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)：( (以以workwork為例為例) )肯定句肯定句疑問句疑問句否定句否定句I work.I work.Do I workDo I work？I do not work.I do not work.HeHe（SheShe，ItIt） works.works

3、.Does he Does he （sheshe，itit） workwork？HeHe（SheShe，It It ）does not work.does not work.WeWe（YouYou，TheyThey） work.work.Do weDo we（youyou，theythey） workwork？WeWe（YouYou，TheyThey） do not work.do not work.中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(2)(2)用法：用法：表示事實(shí)、現(xiàn)狀、性質(zhì)或經(jīng)常的、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。常與表示事實(shí)、現(xiàn)狀、性質(zhì)或經(jīng)常的、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作

4、。常與seldom, seldom, often, usually, always, sometimes, today, every day, once often, usually, always, sometimes, today, every day, once a week, every five minutes, on Sundaysa week, every five minutes, on Sundays等時(shí)間狀語連用。如：等時(shí)間狀語連用。如：I go to school at seven every day. I go to school at seven every day.

5、 我每天七點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。我每天七點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。表示普遍真理和客觀事實(shí)。如：表示普遍真理和客觀事實(shí)。如： The earth _ the sun. The earth _ the sun. 地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。表示在現(xiàn)在時(shí)間表示在現(xiàn)在時(shí)間( (段段) )里所發(fā)生的一個(gè)動(dòng)作。如：里所發(fā)生的一個(gè)動(dòng)作。如：Here comes the bus. Here comes the bus. 公共汽車來了。公共汽車來了。 在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中代替一般將來時(shí)。如：在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中代替一般將來時(shí)。如：Ill go shopping with my mother if she _ tomorrow. I

6、ll go shopping with my mother if she _ tomorrow. 如果明天我媽媽有空，我將和她去購物。如果明天我媽媽有空，我將和她去購物。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)goes around goes around is free is free 語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(3)(3)動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式變化規(guī)則如下：動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式變化規(guī)則如下：直接加直接加s s。如：。如：workworkworksworks。“輔音字母輔音字母y”y”結(jié)尾的詞，先變結(jié)尾的詞，先變y y為為i i，再加，再加- -eses。如：。如：carr

7、ycarrycarries; crycarries; crycriescries以以s s、x x、o o、chch、shsh結(jié)尾的詞加結(jié)尾的詞加- -eses。如：。如：washwashwashes; washes; teachteachteaches; goteaches; gogoes; passgoes; passpasses; fixpasses; fixfixesfixes。特殊：特殊：havehavehashas。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)2.2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)(1)結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： am/is/aream/is/a

8、re動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞的inging形式形式(2)(2)用法：用法：表示目前發(fā)生表示目前發(fā)生( (進(jìn)行進(jìn)行) )的動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作( (不指狀態(tài)不指狀態(tài)) )，常用的時(shí)間狀，常用的時(shí)間狀語有語有 now, at the moment now, at the moment 等。當(dāng)有等。當(dāng)有l(wèi)ook, listenlook, listen起提示作起提示作用時(shí)，后面的句子常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：用時(shí)，后面的句子常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：Are you writing a letter to your friend now?Are you writing a letter to your friend now?你現(xiàn)在正在給你

9、朋友寫信嗎？你現(xiàn)在正在給你朋友寫信嗎？Listen! She _ in the next room.Listen! She _ in the next room.聽！她正在隔壁唱歌。聽！她正在隔壁唱歌。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)is singing is singing 語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行，而此刻不一定在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行，而此刻不一定在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如： We We _ _ _ trees these days. trees these days.這些日子我們?cè)谥矘?。這些日子我們?cè)谥矘?。表示位移的?dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作將要發(fā)

10、生。此類詞有表示位移的動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作將要發(fā)生。此類詞有come, come, go, leave, arrive, flygo, leave, arrive, fly等，常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用。如：等，常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用。如：They _ England tomorrow afternoon.They _ England tomorrow afternoon.他們明天下午要去英國。他們明天下午要去英國。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)are plantingare plantingare leaving forare leaving for語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和

11、語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(3)(3)現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則：現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則：一般加一般加- -inging。如：。如：playplayplayingplaying。以不發(fā)音字母以不發(fā)音字母e e結(jié)尾的詞，去結(jié)尾的詞，去e e加加- -inging。如：。如：comecomecoming; makecoming; makemaking; livemaking; livelivingliving以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的，先雙寫該輔以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加音字母，再加- -inging。( (一元一輔要雙寫一元一輔要雙寫) )如：如：runrunrunn

12、ing; sitrunning; sitsitting; beginsitting; beginbeginningbeginning特殊：特殊：diediedying; liedying; lielying; tielying; tietyingtying。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)3.3.一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)(1)(1)結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞shall/willshall/will動(dòng)詞原形；動(dòng)詞原形；be going tobe going to動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形(2)(2)用法：用法：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常用的時(shí)間狀語有表示將要發(fā)

13、生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常用的時(shí)間狀語有 later(onlater(on), ), soon, in a soon, in a month(inmonth(in時(shí)間段時(shí)間段), next time, from now on, ), next time, from now on, tomorrowtomorrow等。如：等。如：I shall be eighteen years old next year.I shall be eighteen years old next year.明年我明年我1818歲。歲。表示某種必然的趨勢(shì)。如：表示某種必然的趨勢(shì)。如：Fish _ without water.

14、Fish _ without water.離開水，魚就會(huì)死。離開水，魚就會(huì)死。 中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)will diewill die 語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(3)(3)注意：注意：在以第一人稱作主語的問句中，常用在以第一人稱作主語的問句中，常用 shall shall 表示提議和詢問情表示提議和詢問情況，在以第二人稱作主語的句中，用況，在以第二人稱作主語的句中，用will will 表示請(qǐng)求。如：表示請(qǐng)求。如：Where shall we have lunch? Where shall we have lunch? 我們?cè)谀睦锍晕顼?？我們?cè)谀睦锍晕顼?？?dāng)

15、主語是第一人稱時(shí)，用當(dāng)主語是第一人稱時(shí)，用will will 表示意愿、決心、允諾、命令等。表示意愿、決心、允諾、命令等。如：如：I will give I will give XiaomingXiaoming a good gift for his birthday. a good gift for his birthday. 我會(huì)在小明生日時(shí)送他一份好禮。我會(huì)在小明生日時(shí)送他一份好禮?！癰e going tobe going to動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形” ” 也可表示將來時(shí)。也可表示將來時(shí)。a a表示主觀意愿、打算等。如：表示主觀意愿、打算等。如：Hes going to learn Engli

16、sh next term.Hes going to learn English next term.下學(xué)期他打算學(xué)英語。下學(xué)期他打算學(xué)英語。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)b b根據(jù)已有跡象能推測(cè)出可能要發(fā)生的情況。如：根據(jù)已有跡象能推測(cè)出可能要發(fā)生的情況。如：Look at the black cloudsLook at the black clouds！It _It _ _ rain. _ rain. 看那些烏云！馬上要下雨了?？茨切踉?！馬上要下雨了。be going to do, be to do, be about to dobe g

17、oing to do, be to do, be about to do的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 a abe going to do be going to do 表示將要發(fā)生的事情或打算最近要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。表示將要發(fā)生的事情或打算最近要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：如：It is going to rain soon. It is going to rain soon. 快要下雨了。快要下雨了。b bbe to do be to do 表示事先商定、安排或準(zhǔn)備要做的事情。如：表示事先商定、安排或準(zhǔn)備要做的事情。如：The students are to meet at the school gate tomorrow.

18、 The students are to meet at the school gate tomorrow. 明天學(xué)生們將在學(xué)校大門口集合。明天學(xué)生們將在學(xué)校大門口集合。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)is going tois going to語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)c cbe about to do be about to do 表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，在時(shí)間上指最近的將表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，在時(shí)間上指最近的將來。如：來。如：The new school year is about to begin.The new school year is about to beg

19、in.新學(xué)年開學(xué)在即。新學(xué)年開學(xué)在即。there be there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來時(shí)為結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來時(shí)為there will be/ there be there will be/ there be going to begoing to be。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)4 4一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要變?yōu)檫^表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要變?yōu)檫^去式。去式。(1)(1)句型結(jié)構(gòu)：句型結(jié)構(gòu)：bebe動(dòng)詞型動(dòng)詞型a a肯定句：主語肯定句：主語was/werewas/were其他其

20、他b b否定句：主語否定句：主語was/were (not)was/were (not)其他其他c c一般疑問句：一般疑問句：Was/WereWas/Were主語其他？主語其他？I was a student last year. I was a student last year. 去年我是一名學(xué)生。去年我是一名學(xué)生。Were you at home this morning? Were you at home this morning? 今天早上你在家嗎？今天早上你在家嗎？Yes, I was./No, I wasnt. Yes, I was./No, I wasnt. 是的，我在。是的，

21、我在。/ /不，我不在。不，我不在。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)行為動(dòng)詞型行為動(dòng)詞型a a肯定句：主語行為動(dòng)詞過去式其他肯定句：主語行為動(dòng)詞過去式其他b b否定句：主語否定句：主語did not did not 行為動(dòng)詞原形其他行為動(dòng)詞原形其他c c一般疑問句：一般疑問句：DidDid主語行為動(dòng)詞原形其他？主語行為動(dòng)詞原形其他？Tom _ to Shanghai last year.Tom _ to Shanghai last year.去年湯姆去了上海。去年湯姆去了上海。John John _ _ _ here last year. he

22、re last year.去年約翰沒有住在這里。去年約翰沒有住在這里。Did you see him just now? Did you see him just now? 你剛才看見他了嗎？你剛才看見他了嗎？中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)went went didnt livedidnt live語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(2)(2)用法：用法：主要表示過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：主要表示過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。如： His friend was at work yesterday.His friend was at work yeste

23、rday.他的朋友昨天在工作。他的朋友昨天在工作。表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與oftenoften，always always 等表等表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用。示頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用。“過去常常做某事過去常常做某事”也可用也可用used to used to dodo來表達(dá)。如：來表達(dá)。如：We often went to work by bus last year.We often went to work by bus last year.去年我們經(jīng)常乘公交車上班。去年我們經(jīng)常乘公交車上班。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)

24、態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)和和when when 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句連用。如：等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句連用。如：When he got home, he _ a rest.When he got home, he _ a rest.當(dāng)他到家時(shí)，他休息了一會(huì)兒。當(dāng)他到家時(shí)，他休息了一會(huì)兒。sincesince引導(dǎo)的從句常用一般過去時(shí)。如：引導(dǎo)的從句常用一般過去時(shí)。如：It is ten years since I came here.It is ten years since I came here.自從我來這兒已經(jīng)自從我來這兒已經(jīng)1010年了。年了。常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。這些狀語有常與表示過去的時(shí)

25、間狀語連用。這些狀語有ago, yesterday, ago, yesterday, last week, in the old days, when I was five years old, last week, in the old days, when I was five years old, in 1995in 1995等。如：等。如：We began our work We began our work _ _ _三小時(shí)前，我們開始工作。三小時(shí)前，我們開始工作。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)hadhad three hours agothree hours ago語法互動(dòng)（十）

26、語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(3)(3)動(dòng)詞過去式的變化規(guī)則：動(dòng)詞過去式的變化規(guī)則：一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后加一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后加eded。如：。如： watchwatchedwatchwatched以不發(fā)音字母以不發(fā)音字母e e結(jié)尾的詞加結(jié)尾的詞加d d。如：。如： livelivedlivelived以以“輔音字母輔音字母y”y”結(jié)尾的詞，變結(jié)尾的詞，變y y為為i i，再加，再加eded。如：。如： studystudied; carrystudystudied; carrycarried;crycarried;crycriedcried以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的，先

27、雙寫該輔以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加音字母，再加eded。如：。如： stopstopped; planplanned; preferpreferred stopstopped; planplanned; preferpreferred不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式需特殊記憶。不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式需特殊記憶。 中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)5.5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(1)(1)結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： have/hashave/has動(dòng)詞的過去分詞動(dòng)詞的過去分詞( (過去分詞變化規(guī)則基本與過去式變化相同。有些特殊變化需單獨(dú)過去分詞

28、變化規(guī)則基本與過去式變化相同。有些特殊變化需單獨(dú)記憶記憶) )(2)(2)用法：用法：表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。有時(shí)與表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。有時(shí)與just, just, already, yet, recently, before, ever, never, twice, three already, yet, recently, before, ever, never, twice, three timestimes等時(shí)間狀語連用。如：等時(shí)間狀語連用。如：I _ the film already. I _ the film already. 我已經(jīng)看過這部

29、電影了。我已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。( (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在“我我”知道電影的內(nèi)容了知道電影的內(nèi)容了) )中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)have seenhave seen 語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)表示從過去某一時(shí)刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。表示從過去某一時(shí)刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與常與“sincesince時(shí)間點(diǎn)，時(shí)間點(diǎn)， sincesince從句從句( (一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)), for), for時(shí)間段時(shí)間段”，“及及how long, (how long, (ever)sinceever)since, ever, before, , ever, befor

30、e, so far, in the last/past few years, up to now, till so far, in the last/past few years, up to now, till now”now”等時(shí)間狀語連用。如：等時(shí)間狀語連用。如：Weve planted thousands of trees in the past few Weve planted thousands of trees in the past few years. years. 過去幾年我們種了成千上萬棵樹。過去幾年我們種了成千上萬棵樹。So far there _ no bad new

31、s.So far there _ no bad news.到現(xiàn)在為止還沒有什么壞消息。到現(xiàn)在為止還沒有什么壞消息。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)has beenhas been語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(3)(3)一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別 一般過去時(shí)只強(qiáng)調(diào)在過去發(fā)生過某事或關(guān)注的是動(dòng)作發(fā)生的一般過去時(shí)只強(qiáng)調(diào)在過去發(fā)生過某事或關(guān)注的是動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式等。而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式等。而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，因此，若不強(qiáng)調(diào)某事對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響就不用現(xiàn)在完在的影響，因此，若不強(qiáng)調(diào)某事對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響就

32、不用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：成時(shí)。如：I saw the movie yesterday.I saw the movie yesterday.我昨天看了這部電影。我昨天看了這部電影。( (強(qiáng)調(diào)電影是昨天看的強(qiáng)調(diào)電影是昨天看的) )I have already seen the film. I have already seen the film. 我已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。我已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。( (強(qiáng)調(diào)到現(xiàn)在為止看過這部電影了強(qiáng)調(diào)到現(xiàn)在為止看過這部電影了) )中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(4)(4)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，如果有持續(xù)的時(shí)間

33、狀語，要把非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞變?cè)诂F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，如果有持續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語，要把非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檠永m(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如：為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如： I have had the book for two days.I have had the book for two days.這本書我已經(jīng)買了兩天了。這本書我已經(jīng)買了兩天了。( (用用hadhad，而不用，而不用bought)bought)I have been in Tokyo for two weeks.I have been in Tokyo for two weeks.我已經(jīng)來東京兩周了。我已經(jīng)來東京兩周了。( (用用been inbeen in，而不用，而不用c

34、ome to)come to)中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) 常用瞬間動(dòng)詞變延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表常用瞬間動(dòng)詞變延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表（1 1）have arrived at/in sp, got to/reached sp, have arrived at/in sp, got to/reached sp, come/gone/moved to come/gone/moved to sphavesphave been in sp been in sp（2 2）have come/gone back/ have come/gone back/ returnedh

35、avereturnedhave been back been back （3 3）have come/gone have come/gone outhaveouthave been out been out（4 4）have have becomehavebecomehave been been （5 5）have closed/have closed/openedhaveopenedhave been closed/open been closed/open（6 6）have got have got uphaveuphave been up been up（7 7）have diedhav

36、e died_ _（8 8）have left sphave left sp_ _（9 9）have fallen asleep/gone to have fallen asleep/gone to sleephavesleephave been asleep been asleep中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)have been deadhave been deadhave been away from sphave been away from sp語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)（1010）have finished/ended/completed_have fini

37、shed/ended/completed_（1111）have have marriedhavemarriedhave been married been married （1212）have started/begun to do have started/begun to do sthhavesthhave done done sthsth（1313）have begun_have begun_（1414）have borrowed_have borrowed_（1515）have have boughthaveboughthave had had（1616）have have losth

38、aventlosthavent had had （1717）have put have put onhaveonhave worn worn 中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)have been over have been over have been onhave been onhave kepthave kept語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)（1818）have caught/got a have caught/got a coldhavecoldhave had a cold had a cold （1919）have got to have got to knowh

39、aveknowhave known known （2020）have gone have gone tohavetohave been in been in （2121）have joined the have joined the clubhaveclubhave been a member of the club, been a member of the club, have been in the club have been in the club(5)have been to, have gone to, have been in(5)have been to, have gone

40、 to, have been in的區(qū)別：的區(qū)別：have been tohave been to表示表示“過去曾去過某地過去曾去過某地”，說話時(shí)已從該地回來，現(xiàn)，說話時(shí)已從該地回來，現(xiàn)在已不在該地；在已不在該地；have gone tohave gone to表示表示“已去了某地已去了某地”，說話時(shí)已到，說話時(shí)已到達(dá)某地或在去某地的途中，現(xiàn)在還未回來；達(dá)某地或在去某地的途中，現(xiàn)在還未回來；have been inhave been in表示表示“已在某地待了多久已在某地待了多久”，后面跟副詞時(shí)不用，后面跟副詞時(shí)不用inin。如：。如：Where is Mrs. Smith? Where is

41、 Mrs. Smith? 史密斯夫人在哪兒？史密斯夫人在哪兒？She isnt here. She has gone to England.She isnt here. She has gone to England.她不在這兒。她去英國了。她不在這兒。她去英國了。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)6 6過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)(1)結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： was/werewas/werev v. .inging(2)(2)用法：用法：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示在過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示在過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

42、如：作。如：His father fell down while he _ his bicycle and His father fell down while he _ his bicycle and hurt himself.hurt himself.他爸爸騎自行車時(shí)摔倒了，傷到了自己。他爸爸騎自行車時(shí)摔倒了，傷到了自己。(3)(3)常用的時(shí)間狀語：常用的時(shí)間狀語： this morning, the whole morning, all this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten, last e

43、vening, when, day yesterday, from nine to ten, last evening, when, whilewhile。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)was ridingwas riding 語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(4)when(4)when和和whilewhile的區(qū)別：的區(qū)別：引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，while while 連接的是時(shí)間段，后常接延續(xù)性動(dòng)連接的是時(shí)間段，后常接延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；而詞；而whenwhen連接的既可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞也可以是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。連接的既可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞也可以是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如：如：

44、What was your father doing _ your mother was cookingWhat was your father doing _ your mother was cooking？你媽媽正在做飯時(shí)，你爸爸在干什么？你媽媽正在做飯時(shí)，你爸爸在干什么？What was your mother doing _ you came back? What was your mother doing _ you came back? 當(dāng)你回來時(shí)，你媽媽在干什么？當(dāng)你回來時(shí)，你媽媽在干什么？ whilewhile可以連接兩個(gè)并列的句子，而可以連接兩個(gè)并列的句子，而whenwhen

45、不可以。如：不可以。如：I was trying my best to finish my work while my sister was I was trying my best to finish my work while my sister was watching TV. watching TV. 我當(dāng)時(shí)正在盡力完成作業(yè)，而我妹妹正在看電視。我當(dāng)時(shí)正在盡力完成作業(yè)，而我妹妹正在看電視。whenwhen可作特殊疑問詞，對(duì)時(shí)間進(jìn)行提問，可作特殊疑問詞，對(duì)時(shí)間進(jìn)行提問，while while 不能。如：不能。如：When were you born? When were you born

46、? 你是什么時(shí)候出生的？你是什么時(shí)候出生的？中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)whilewhilewhenwhen語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)7 7過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)(1)(1)結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： hadhad動(dòng)詞的過去分詞動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(2)(2)用法：用法：表示過去的某一時(shí)刻以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也就是表示過去的某一時(shí)刻以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也就是“過去的過去過去的過去”。常以。常以by, beforeby, before短語或短語或when, before, after, when, before, after, untiluntil等引導(dǎo)的從句作為前

47、提。如：等引導(dǎo)的從句作為前提。如：My teacher said she had never been to London.My teacher said she had never been to London.我老師說過她從來沒去過倫敦。我老師說過她從來沒去過倫敦。When the police arrived, the thieves _. When the police arrived, the thieves _. 警察到達(dá)時(shí)，小偷們?cè)缇团芰?。警察到達(dá)時(shí)，小偷們?cè)缇团芰?。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)had run awayhad run away 語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)

48、態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)表示從過去某一時(shí)刻開始一直延續(xù)到另一過去時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。表示從過去某一時(shí)刻開始一直延續(xù)到另一過去時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一樣，過去完成時(shí)也常與跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一樣，過去完成時(shí)也常與 how long, for three how long, for three days, before days, before 等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。如：等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。如：When Jack arrived, he learned Mary When Jack arrived, he learned Mary _ _ _ for for almost an hour. al

49、most an hour. 當(dāng)杰克到達(dá)時(shí)，他得知瑪麗已經(jīng)離開差不多一個(gè)小時(shí)了。當(dāng)杰克到達(dá)時(shí)，他得知瑪麗已經(jīng)離開差不多一個(gè)小時(shí)了。8 8過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)(1)(1)結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： wouldwould動(dòng)詞原形或動(dòng)詞原形或was/werewas/weregoing togoing to動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形(2)(2)用法：用法： 表示從過去的某一時(shí)刻看，將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：表示從過去的某一時(shí)刻看，將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：His uncle said that _His uncle said that _ _ a good harvest the _ a good harvest the next yea

50、r.next year.他叔叔說第二年會(huì)有個(gè)好收成。他叔叔說第二年會(huì)有個(gè)好收成。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)had been awayhad been awaythere would bethere would be語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) 提醒提醒 在由在由ifif引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，如果主句中用過去將來引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，如果主句中用過去將來時(shí)，時(shí)，ifif從句中需用一般過去時(shí)代替過去將來時(shí)。如：從句中需用一般過去時(shí)代替過去將來時(shí)。如： Amy said that she would go shopping if it didnt rain Amy sai

51、d that she would go shopping if it didnt rain the next day.the next day.艾米說如果第二天不下雨，她就去購物。艾米說如果第二天不下雨，她就去購物。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)英語中的動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)：英語中的動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)： 主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。1 1被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成： 助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞bebe及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(1)(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： 主語主語am/is/aream/is/are動(dòng)詞的過去分詞動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(2)

52、(2)一般過去時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)： 主語主語was/werewas/were動(dòng)詞的過去分詞動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(3)(3)一般將來時(shí)：一般將來時(shí)： 主語主語will/shall/be going towill/shall/be going tobebe動(dòng)詞的過動(dòng)詞的過 去分詞。去分詞。(4)(4)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： 主語主語am/is/aream/is/arebeingbeing動(dòng)詞的過去分詞動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(5)(5)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： 主語主語have/hashave/hasbeenbeen動(dòng)詞的過去分詞動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(6)(6)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)： 主語主語was/werewas/w

53、erebeingbeing動(dòng)詞的過去分詞動(dòng)詞的過去分詞考點(diǎn)二考點(diǎn)二 動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)(7)(7)過去完成時(shí)：過去完成時(shí)： 主語主語had beenhad been動(dòng)詞的過去分詞動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(8)(8)過去將來時(shí)：過去將來時(shí)： 主語主語would bewould be動(dòng)詞的過去分詞動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(9)(9)含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)： 主語情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語情態(tài)動(dòng)詞bebe動(dòng)詞的過動(dòng)詞的過去分詞去分詞(10)(10)在使役動(dòng)詞在使役動(dòng)詞have, make

54、, lethave, make, let以及感官動(dòng)詞以及感官動(dòng)詞see, find, watch, see, find, watch, notice, hear, feelnotice, hear, feel等后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式，在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中等后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式，在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式不定式toto要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加toto。如：。如：Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：A

55、stranger was seen_ into the building.A stranger was seen_ into the building.有人看見一個(gè)陌生人走進(jìn)了這座建筑物。有人看見一個(gè)陌生人走進(jìn)了這座建筑物。to walk to walk 語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)2 2某些謂語動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義某些謂語動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義(1)(1)英語中有很多動(dòng)詞，如：英語中有很多動(dòng)詞，如： break, catch, clean, drive, lock, break, catch, clean, drive, lock, open, sell, r

56、ead, write, washopen, sell, read, write, wash等，當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動(dòng)詞等，當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動(dòng)詞來描述主語特征時(shí)，常用其主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義，主語通常是來描述主語特征時(shí)，常用其主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義，主語通常是物。如：物。如：This kind of cloth _This kind of cloth _這種布料很好洗。這種布料很好洗。 注意注意 主動(dòng)語態(tài)表被動(dòng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語的特征，而被動(dòng)語態(tài)則強(qiáng)調(diào)主動(dòng)語態(tài)表被動(dòng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語的特征，而被動(dòng)語態(tài)則強(qiáng)調(diào)外界作用造成的影響。外界作用造成的影響。試比較：試比較：The door wont lock.(The d

57、oor wont lock.(指門本身有毛病指門本身有毛病) )The door wont be locked.(The door wont be locked.(指不會(huì)有人來鎖門，表示指不會(huì)有人來鎖門，表示“門沒有鎖門沒有鎖”是人的原因是人的原因) )中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)washes wellwashes well語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(2)(2)表示表示“發(fā)生、進(jìn)行發(fā)生、進(jìn)行”的不及物動(dòng)詞和短語，如：的不及物動(dòng)詞和短語，如：happen, last, happen, last, take place, come out, come true, run

58、 out, turn outtake place, come out, come true, run out, turn out等以主動(dòng)等以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：How do the newspapers come out? How do the newspapers come out? 這些報(bào)紙是如何印刷出來的呢？這些報(bào)紙是如何印刷出來的呢？(3)(3)系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)形式。系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)形式。Your reason sounds reasonable.Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由聽起來很合理。你的理由聽起來很合理。(4)(4)

59、下列結(jié)構(gòu)中的下列結(jié)構(gòu)中的v v. .inging必須用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：必須用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：need, require(need, require(需要需要) )v v. .inging。但當(dāng)這些動(dòng)詞后接不定式時(shí)，。但當(dāng)這些動(dòng)詞后接不定式時(shí)，則必須用被動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：則必須用被動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如：The bike needs mending. The bike needs mending. 這輛自行車需要修理。這輛自行車需要修理。Our classroom needs to be cleaned.Our classroom needs to be cleaned.我們的

60、教室需要打掃。我們的教室需要打掃。be worth doing be worth doing sthsth值得做某事。如：值得做某事。如：The book is well worth reading.The book is well worth reading.這本書很值得一讀。這本書很值得一讀。中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)考考 點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 過過 關(guān)關(guān)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1 1My father always _(ride) his bike to work.My father always _(ride) his bik

61、e to work.2 2Whats he doing?Whats he doing? Hes _ (wait) for his parents. Hes _ (wait) for his parents.3 3Everything _(be) free in 100 years.Everything _(be) free in 100 years.4 4Last Sunday Jack Last Sunday Jack _ _ _ (not go) to the movie. (not go) to the movie. He studied for the He studied for t

62、he MathsMaths test. test.5 5I I _ _(_ _(keep) the book for two weeks.keep) the book for two weeks.中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)rides rides waitingwaiting will bewill be didnt godidnt go have kepthave kept 語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)6 6They They _ _(_ _(have) dinner at this time yesterday.have) dinner at this time

63、yesterday.7 7Our classroom Our classroom _ _(_ _(clean) every day.clean) every day.8 8Last month many volunteers Last month many volunteers _ _(_ _(send) to the send) to the poor village to help the old. poor village to help the old.9 9All the teachers will All the teachers will _ _ _ (invite) to th

64、e (invite) to the party. party.1010These books must _(put) in the bookcase.These books must _(put) in the bookcase.中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)is cleaned is cleaned were sent were sent be invitedbe invited be putbe putwere having were having 語法互動(dòng)（十）語法互動(dòng)（十） 時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)1111He was made _He was made _ _ (leave) his

65、hometown._ (leave) his hometown.1212This kind of watch _(sell) well.This kind of watch _(sell) well.1313While we While we _ _(_ _(wait) for the bus, a girl wait) for the bus, a girl _ (run) up to us. _ (run) up to us.1414I I_ _(_ _(telephone) a friend when Bob telephone) a friend when Bob _(come) in

66、. _(come) in.1515I hear that Mr. JonesI hear that Mr. Jones_ _(_ _(leave)leave) Yes, he _(leave) last week. _anyone Yes, he _(leave) last week. _anyone _(take) his place? _(take) his place?中考考點(diǎn)中考考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)考點(diǎn)過關(guān)to leave to leave sellssellswere waitingwere waiting ran ranwas telephoningwas telephoning came camehas lefthas leftleftleftHasHastakentaken