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1、單擊此處編輯母版標題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,*,Unit 2 Cloning,Grammar,語法精講,(,一,),同位語,the Appositive,同位語是句子成分的一種,它位于名詞、代詞后面,說明它們的性質(zhì)和情況,它可以由名詞、代詞、名詞性短語或從句充當。,同位語的表現(xiàn)形式有以下幾種：,(1),名詞,Tom,our monitor,is a handsome boy.,(2),代詞,I,myself,will do the experiment.,(3),數(shù)詞,She is the oldest among them,six,.,(4),名詞詞組
2、,Mr Smith,a football fan,often watches football games on TV.,(5),從句,He told me the news,that the plane had exploded,.,他告訴我飛機爆炸的消息。,同位語從句,the Appositive clause,(1),同位語從句的定義,在復(fù)合句中用作,同位語,的從句稱為同位語從句。同位語從句是名詞性從句的一種。它在句中起同位語的作用。,語法精解,(,二,),它一般放在,fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought
3、,doubt,promise,question,等名詞的后面,對前面的名詞作進一步的解釋,說明前面名詞的具體含義,。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞有連詞,that,連接副詞，連接代詞,how,when,where,whether,what,等。,同位語從句的表現(xiàn)形式,:,由,that,引導(dǎo),The fact,that,you havent enough time to do the work,is unbelievable.,The news,that,he has been elected president of the United States is true.,由,whether,引導(dǎo),The
4、question,whether,we need more time to do the work,has not been discussed.,由,when,引導(dǎo),I have no idea,when,they will go,.,有時可用,namely,(,即,),that is to say,(,也就是說,),in other words,(,換句話說,),that is,(,那就是,),for example,等引出同位語,說明其前面的名詞或代詞。有時同位語直接跟在名詞或代詞的后面。,He told us the good news,namely,the museum is ope
5、n to all,.,There is only one way of improving your English,that is,to practice more,.,Altogether Dolly had lived for six years,half the length of the life of the original sheep,.,同位語從句有時被別的詞把它和名詞隔開：,注意,:,The story goes that William Tell killed,the king with an arrow.,Word came that their team had wo
6、n.,同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別,:,同位語從句與定語從句在使用中常?；煜?我們可以從以下幾個方面區(qū)別它們,:,同位語從句,說明的名詞大都是,抽象名詞,;,定語從句,所修飾、限定的名詞或代詞,有抽象的也有不抽象的,。,We express the hope,that they will come to visit China again.,(,同位語從句,),Those,who want to go,please sign their names here.,(,定語從句,),同位語從句,所說明的名詞與從句沒有邏輯關(guān)系,；,定語從句,所限定的名詞是從句邏輯上的主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等。,
7、The news,that they won the match is true.,(,同位語從句,new,s,和從句沒有邏輯關(guān)系,),The news,that you told us yesterday,is true.,(,定語從句,news是told的賓語,),The order,when we should go back,hasnt reached us.,(,同位語從句,order和從句沒有邏輯關(guān)系,),The day,when New China was founded,will never be forgotten,.,(,定語從句,day是founded,的邏輯狀語,),引
8、導(dǎo)同位語從句的連詞不可省略,;,引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞作賓語時?？墒÷?。,The news,that,he has been elected monitor of our class is true.,The news,(that),he told me is exciting.,同位語從句與,名,詞一般可變成一個完整句子,謂語動詞用be的不同形式,。,He heard the news,that their team had won.,此句可以變?yōu)橐粋€表語從句,:,The news,was,that their team had won.,練習(xí),1,.,Two fifths of all g
9、irls in America are on a diet./The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.,The fact,that two fifths of all girls in,America are on a diet,worries their,parents and teachers a lot.,把下面兩個句子連成一個含同位語從句的復(fù)合句,。,2.,The Queen of England was on a four-day visit in China./We heard the news last night.,W
10、e heard the news last night,that the Queen of England was on a four-day visit in china,.,3.,Teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online.,/Many Chinese parents hold the view.,Many Chinese parents hold the view,that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online,.,4.,Students should be given more fre
11、e time./The suggestion is welcomed by many people.,The suggestion,that students should be given more free time,is welcomed by many people.,用名詞性從句完成下列句子。,5.The news _ _(,她通過了高考,)is exciting.,6.Mike made a promise _ _ (,他將幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語,),that she has passed the national college entrance examination,that he
12、would help me with my English.,指出劃線部分是什么從句。,7.The fact,that Great Britain is made up of three countries,is known to us.,8.The continent(,大陸,),that consists of two countries,is developing very fast.,(,同位語從句,),(,定語從句,),9.The news,that the plane will take off on time,makes everybody happy.,10.The news,
13、that is spreading around the country,is,that a heavy storm is coming,.,(,同位語從句,),(,定語從句,表語從句,),11.The suggestion,that we should learn something practical,is worth considering.,(,同位語從句,),用適當?shù)倪B接代詞或連接副詞填空,。,12.,I cant decide _ book I should buy.,13.,China is no longer _,it used to be.,14.,I am very int
14、erested in _ he improved his English in such a short time.,15.,_ we need is more money.,which,what,how,What,16.,The truth _ the earth turns around the sun is known to us.,17.,_,_,_ and _,we will meet has not been decided yet.,that,When,where,1.,填入適當?shù)倪B接詞，并判斷是定語從句還是同位語從句：,1)The fact_ he used to be a t
15、hief,is known to all.,2)We were surprised by the fact,_ she told us.,3)The next thing _ must be done,is to make a plan.,that,同,that/which,定,that,定,測試性評價,4)Word came _ our army had won the battle.,5)The president has given an order_ everyone in the country should prepare for the war.,6)Weve just heard a warning on the radio _ a hurricane is likely to come.,that,同,that,同,that,同,7)There is no doubt _ he has told a lie.,8)You have no idea _ anxious I was!,9)The coat is in the place _ you left it.,where,定,that,同,how,同,
選修8第二單元語法PPT課件
