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1、1. clothes, cloth, clothingclothes 統(tǒng)指各種衣服,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù);cloth 指布,為不可數(shù)名詞,clothing是服裝的總稱(chēng)。2. incident, accidentincident 指小事件,;accident 指不幸的事故。例:He was killed in the accident.3. amount, numberamount of 后接不可數(shù)名詞;a number of 后接可數(shù)名詞例:amount of money;a number of students4. family, house, homehome指家,包括住處和家人,house
2、 房子,住宅,family 家庭成員。例:My family is a happy one.5. sound, voice, noisesound 自然界各種各樣的聲音,voice 指人的嗓音,noise指噪音 。例:I hate the loud noise outside.6. photo, picture, drawingphoto 用照相機(jī)拍攝的照片;picture 可指相片,圖片,影片;drawing指畫(huà)的畫(huà),主要是素描。例:Lets go and see a good picture.7. vocabulary, wordvocabulary 指詞匯,一個(gè)人擁有的單詞量;word
3、指具體的單詞。例:He has a large vocabulary.8. population, peoplepopulation 指人口,人數(shù);people 指具體的人。例:China has a large population.9. weather, climateweather指一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況;climate指長(zhǎng)期的氣候狀況。例:The climate here is not good for you.10. road, street, path, wayroad指具體的公路,馬路;street指街道;path指小路,小徑;way 指道路,途徑例:take this road;
4、 in the streetShow me the way to the museum.11. course, subjectcourse 課程(可包括多門(mén)科目),subject 科目(具體的學(xué)科)例:a summer course12. custom, habitcustom指?jìng)鹘y(tǒng)風(fēng)俗,習(xí)俗,也可指生活習(xí)慣,后接 to do;habit指生活習(xí)慣,后接 of doing.例:Ive got the habit of drinking a lot.13. cause, reasoncause 指造成某一事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的直接原因,后接 of sth./doing sth;reason 用來(lái)解釋某種現(xiàn)
5、象或結(jié)果的理由,后接 for sth./doing sth.例:the reason for being late14. exercise, exercises, practiceexercise 運(yùn)動(dòng),鍛煉(不可數(shù));exercises 練習(xí),操類(lèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)(可數(shù));practice(反復(fù)做的)練習(xí)。例:Practice makes perfect.15. class, lesson作“課”解時(shí),兩者可以替換。指課文用 lesson,指班級(jí)或全體學(xué)生用 class.16. speech, talk, lecturespeech 指在公共場(chǎng)所所做的經(jīng)過(guò)準(zhǔn)備的較正式的演說(shuō);talk指日常生活中的一般的
6、談話,講話;lecture指學(xué)術(shù)性的演講,講課。17. officer, officialofficer 部隊(duì)的軍官,official 政府官員例:an army officer18. work, job二者均指工作。work指無(wú)差別的人類(lèi)勞動(dòng),不可數(shù);job指具體某一項(xiàng)工作, 可數(shù), a good job。19. couple, paircouple 主要指人或動(dòng)物,pair 多指由兩部分組成的東西。例:a pair of trousers20. country, nation, state, landcountry 側(cè)重指版圖,疆域;nation 指人民,國(guó)民,民族;state 側(cè)重指政府
7、,政體;land 國(guó)土,國(guó)家例:The whole nation was sad at the news.21. cook, cookercook 指廚師;cooker 指廚具。例:He is a good cook.22. damage, damagedamage 不可數(shù)名詞,損害,損失; damages 復(fù)數(shù)形式,賠償金。例:$900 damages23. police, policemanpolice 警察的總稱(chēng),后接復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞;policeman 指某個(gè)具體的警察。例:The police are questioning everyone in the house.24. probl
8、em, questionproblem 常和困難聯(lián)系,前面的動(dòng)詞常為 think about, solve, raise;question 常和疑問(wèn)聯(lián)系,多和ask, answer 連用。25. man, a manman 人類(lèi);a man 一個(gè)男人。例:Man will conquer nature.26. chick, chicken二者均可指小雞,chicken 還可以當(dāng)雞肉講。例:The chicken is delicious.27. telegram, telegraph當(dāng)電報(bào)解時(shí),telegram 指具體的,telegraph 指抽象的。例:a telegram, by telegraph28. trip, journey, travel, voyagetravel 是最常用的,指旅行或普通出行;trip 指短期的具有特定目的的旅行;journey 指稍長(zhǎng)的旅途;voyage 指海上航行。29. sport, gamesport 多指戶(hù)外的游戲或娛樂(lè)活動(dòng),如打球,游泳,打獵,賽馬等 ; game 指決定勝負(fù)的游戲,通常有一套規(guī)則。例:His favorite sport is swimming.30. price, prizeprice 價(jià)格;prize 獎(jiǎng),獎(jiǎng)品,獎(jiǎng)金。例:win the first prizeThe price is high/low.