建筑專業(yè)外文翻譯--自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)安裝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

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1、NFPA 13Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems1999 EditionCopyright 1999 NFPA, All Rights ReservedNFPA 13Standard for theInstallation of Sprinkler Systems1999 EditionNOTICE: An asterisk (*) following the number or letter designating a paragraph indicates that explanatory material on the p

2、aragraph can be found in Appendix A. A dagger () following the number or letter designating a paragraph or section in the text indicates explanatory test data and procedures with regard to that paragraph or section can be found in Appendix C.A reference in parentheses () at the end of a section or p

3、aragraph indicates that the material has been extracted from another NFPA document. The bold number in parentheses indicates the document number and is followed by the section number where the extracted material can be found in that document. The complete title and current edition of an extracted do

4、cument can be found in the chapter on referenced publications.Information on referenced publications can be found in Chapter 13 and Appendix E.Chapter 1 General Information1-1 Scope.This standard provides the minimum requirements for the design and installation of automatic fire sprinkler systems an

5、d exposure protection sprinkler systems, including the character and adequacy of water supplies and the selection of sprinklers, fittings, piping, valves, and all materials and accessories, including the installation of private fire service mains. This standard encompasses “combined service mains” u

6、sed to carry water for both fire service and other uses as well as mains for fire service use only.1-2* Purpose.The purpose of this standard is to provide a reasonable degree of protection for life and property from fire through standardization of design, installation, and testing requirements for s

7、prinkler systems, including private fire service mains, based on sound engineering principles, test data, and field experience. This standard endeavors to continue the excellent records that have been established by sprinkler systems while meeting the needs of changing technology. Nothing in this st

8、andard is intended to restrict new technologies or alternate arrangements, provided the level of safety prescribed by this standard is not lowered. Materials or devices not specifically designated by this standard shall be utilized in complete accord with all conditions, requirements, and limitation

9、s of their listings.1-2.1A sprinkler system and private fire service mains are specialized fire protection systems and require knowledgeable and experienced design and installation. 1-3 Retroactivity Clause.The provisions of this document are considered necessary to provide a reasonable level of pro

10、tection from loss of life and property from fire. They reflect situations and the state of the art at the time the standard was issued.| Unless otherwise noted, it is not intended that the provisions of this document be applied to facilities, equipment, structures, or installations that were existin

11、g or approved for construction or installation prior to the effective date of this document. Exception: In those cases where it is determined by the authority having jurisdiction that the existing situation involves a distinct hazard to life or property, this standard shall apply. 1-4 Definitions.1-

12、4.1 NFPA Definitions.Approved.* Acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.Authority Having Jurisdiction.* The organization, office, or individual responsible for approving equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure.Listed.* Equipment, materials, or services included in a list publis

13、hed by an organization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction and concerned with evaluation of products or services, that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment or materials or periodic evaluation of services, and whose listing states that either the equipme

14、nt, material, or service meets appropriate designated standards or has been tested and found suitable for a specified purpose.Shall. Indicates a mandatory requirement.Should. Indicates a recommendation or that which is advised but not required.Standard. A document, the main text of which contains on

15、ly mandatory provisions using the word “shall” to indicate requirements and which is in a form generally suitable for mandatory reference by another standard or code or for adoption into law. Nonmandatory provisions shall be located in an appendix, footnote, or fine-print note and are not to be cons

16、idered a part of the requirements of a standard.1-4.2 General Definitions.Compartment. A space completely enclosed by walls and a ceiling. The compartment enclosure is permitted to have openings to an adjoining space if the openings have a minimum lintel depth of 8 in. (203 mm) from the ceiling.Drop

17、-Out Ceiling. A suspended ceiling system, which is installed below the sprinklers, with listed translucent or opaque panels that are heat sensitive and fall from their setting when exposed to heat.Dwelling Unit. One or more rooms arranged for the use of one or more individuals living together, as in

18、 a single housekeeping unit normally having cooking, living, sanitary, and sleeping facilities. For purposes of this standard, dwelling unit includes hotel rooms, dormitory rooms, apartments, condominiums, sleeping rooms in nursing homes, and similar living units.Fire Control. Limiting the size of a

19、 fire by distribution of water so as to decrease the heat release rate and pre-wet adjacent combustibles, while controlling ceiling gas temperatures to avoid structural damage.Fire Suppression. Sharply reducing the heat release rate of a fire and preventing its regrowth by means of direct and suffic

20、ient application of water through the fire plume to the burning fuel surface.High-Challenge Fire Hazard. A fire hazard typical of that produced by fires in combustible high-piled storage.High-Piled Storage. Solid-piled, palletized, rack storage, bin box, and shelf storage in excess of 12 ft (3.7 m)

21、in height.Hydraulically Designed System. A calculated sprinkler system in which pipe sizes are selected on a pressure loss basis to provide a prescribed water density, in gallons per minute per square foot (mm/min), or a prescribed minimum discharge pressure or flow per sprinkler, distributed with a

22、 reasonable degree of uniformity over a specified area.Limited-Combustible Material. As applied to a building construction material, a material not complying with the definition of noncombustible material that, in the form in which it is used, has a potential heat value not exceeding 3500 Btu per lb

23、 (8141 kJ/kg) and complies with one of the following, (a) or (b). Materials subject to increase in combustibility or flame spread rating beyond the limits herein established through the effects of age, moisture, or other atmospheric condition shall be considered combustible. (a) Materials having a s

24、tructural base of noncombustible material, with a surfacing not exceeding a thickness of 1/8 in. (3.2 mm) that has a flame spread rating not greater than 50. (b) Materials, in the form and thickness used, other than as described in (a), having neither a flame spread rating greater than 25 nor eviden

25、ce of continued progressive combustion and of such composition that surfaces that would be exposed by cutting through the material on any plane would have neither a flame spread rating greater than 25 nor evidence of continued progressive combustion. 中國(guó)最龐大的資料庫(kù)下載Miscellaneous Storage.* Storage that d

26、oes not exceed 12 ft (3.66 m) in height and is incidental to another occupancy use group. Such storage shall not constitute more than 10 percent of the building area or 4000 ft2 (372 m2) of the sprinklered area, whichever is greater. Such storage shall not exceed 1000 ft2 (93 m2) in one pile or area

27、, and each such pile or area shall be separated from other storage areas by at least 25 ft (7.62 m).Noncombustible Material. A material that, in the form in which it is used and under the conditions anticipated, will not ignite, burn, support combustion, or release flammable vapors when subjected to

28、 fire or heat. Materials that are reported as passing ASTM E 136, Standard Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750C, shall be considered noncombustible materials.Pipe Schedule System. A sprinkler system in which the pipe sizing is selected from a schedule that is dete

29、rmined by the occupancy classification and in which a given number of sprinklers are allowed to be supplied from specific sizes of pipe.Shop-Welded. As used in this standard, shop in the term shop-welded means either (1) a sprinkler contractors or fabricators premise or (2) an area specifically desi

30、gned or authorized for welding, such as a detached outside location, maintenance shop, or other area (either temporary or permanent) of noncombustible or fire-resistive construction free of combustible and flammable contents and suitably segregated from adjacent areas.Small Rooms. A room of light ha

31、zard occupancy classification having unobstructed construction and floor areas not exceeding 800 ft2 (74.3 m2) that are enclosed by walls and a ceiling. Openings to the adjoining space are permitted if the minimum lintel depth is 8 in. (203 mm) from the ceiling.Sprinkler System.* For fire protection

32、 purposes, an integrated system of underground and overhead piping designed in accordance with fire protection engineering standards. The installation includes one or more automatic water supplies. The portion of the sprinkler system aboveground is a network of specially sized or hydraulically desig

33、ned piping installed in a building, structure, or area, generally overhead, and to which sprinklers are attached in a systematic pattern. The valve controlling each system riser is located in the system riser or its supply piping. Each sprinkler system riser includes a device for actuating an alarm

34、when the system is in operation. The system is usually activated by heat from a fire and discharges water over the fire area.System Working Pressure. The maximum anticipated static (nonflowing) or flowing pressure applied to sprinkler system components exclusive of surge pressures.Thermal Barrier. A

35、 material that will limit the average temperature rise of the unexposed surface to not more than 250F (121C) after 15 minutes of fire exposure, which complies with the standard time-temperature curve of NFPA 251, Standard Methods of Tests of Fire Endurance of Building Construction and Materials.1-4.

36、3 Sprinkler System Type Definitions.Antifreeze Sprinkler System. A wet pipe sprinkler system employing automatic sprinklers that are attached to a piping system that contains an antifreeze solution and that are connected to a water supply. The antifreeze solution is discharged, followed by water, im

37、mediately upon operation of sprinklers opened by heat from a fire.Circulating Closed-Loop Sprinkler System. A wet pipe sprinkler system having non-fire protection connections to automatic sprinkler systems in a closed-loop piping arrangement for the purpose of utilizing sprinkler piping to conduct w

38、ater for heating or cooling, where water is not removed or used from the system but only circulated through the piping system.Combined Dry Pipe-Preaction Sprinkler System. A sprinkler system employing automatic sprinklers attached to a piping system containing air under pressure with a supplemental

39、detection system installed in the same areas as the sprinklers. Operation of the detection system actuates tripping devices that open dry pipe valves simultaneously and without loss of air pressure in the system. Operation of the detection system also opens listed air exhaust valves at the end of th

40、e feed main, which usually precedes the opening of sprinklers. The detection system also serves as an automatic fire alarm system.Deluge Sprinkler System. A sprinkler system employing open sprinklers that are attached to a piping system that is connected to a water supply through a valve that is ope

41、ned by the operation of a detection system installed in the same areas as the sprinklers. When this valve opens, water flows into the piping system and discharges from all sprinklers attached thereto.Dry Pipe Sprinkler System. A sprinkler system employing automatic sprinklers that are attached to a

42、piping system containing air or nitrogen under pressure, the release of which (as from the opening of a sprinkler) permits the water pressure to open a valve known as a dry pipe valve, and the water then flows into the piping system and out the opened sprinklers.Gridded Sprinkler System.* A sprinkle

43、r system in which parallel cross mains are connected by multiple branch lines. An operating sprinkler will receive water from both ends of its branch line while other branch lines help transfer water between cross mains.Looped Sprinkler System.* A sprinkler system in which multiple cross mains are t

44、ied together so as to provide more than one path for water to flow to an operating sprinkler and branch lines are not tied together.Preaction Sprinkler System.* A sprinkler system employing automatic sprinklers that are attached to a piping system that contains air that might or might not be under p

45、ressure, with a supplemental detection system installed in the same areas as the sprinklers.Wet Pipe Sprinkler System. A sprinkler system employing automatic sprinklers attached to a piping system containing water and connected to a water supply so that water discharges immediately from sprinklers o

46、pened by heat from a fire. NFPA 13National Fire Protection Association國(guó)家防火協(xié)會(huì)（美） 自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)安裝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1999版本版權(quán) 1999 NFPA, 所有權(quán)受保護(hù)NFPA 13自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)安裝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1999 版本注：數(shù)字或字母后的星號(hào)(*)指明一個(gè)段落的說(shuō)明性材料可在附錄A中查找。 一個(gè)段落或正文中的小節(jié)中的數(shù)字或字母后的箭頭()指出說(shuō)明性試驗(yàn)和關(guān)于圖表或小節(jié)的程序可在附錄C中查找。小節(jié)或段落結(jié)尾處的圓括號(hào)()中的內(nèi)容指明此材料是參考于另一NFPA文獻(xiàn)。在圓括號(hào)中粗體數(shù)字指明文檔號(hào)碼以及之后在文獻(xiàn)中可被查到的段落號(hào)。參

47、考文獻(xiàn)的完整的標(biāo)題和當(dāng)前的版本可在參考出版物的章節(jié)中被查找。參考文獻(xiàn)中的資料可在第十三章和附錄E中查找。第一章 說(shuō)明1-1 范圍.本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定了設(shè)計(jì)的最小要求和自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)的安裝及維護(hù)，包括性質(zhì)和適量給水以及噴水裝置的選型, 適合的裝置, 閥,管路和全部的材料和附件, 包括防火系統(tǒng)主要部分的安裝。 本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)包含“聯(lián)合干管” 既消防用水和生活用水聯(lián)用，也包含單獨(dú)的消防用水干管。1-2* 目的.本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的目的是通過(guò)基于可靠的工程原理, 測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化設(shè)計(jì)、安裝和調(diào)試，包括消防干管將火災(zāi)中人員傷亡和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失降低到合理最低程度。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)盡力延續(xù)已被自動(dòng)噴水體系確認(rèn)的優(yōu)秀記錄直到會(huì)

48、議決定有技術(shù)替代的必要。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)無(wú)意限制新技術(shù),本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提供的安全等級(jí)并未被降低。未被本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)特別指定的原材料和設(shè)計(jì)需完全符合設(shè)計(jì)清單的條件、要求和限制。1-2.1一套自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)和消防獨(dú)立干管需要是有知識(shí)淵博和有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的設(shè)計(jì)和安裝的專門的滅火系統(tǒng)。1-3 追溯以往條款此文件是考慮到從保護(hù)火災(zāi)中的人員傷亡和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失而需提供的合理的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。這份標(biāo)準(zhǔn)被發(fā)行是反映的是國(guó)家的現(xiàn)狀和技術(shù)。除非被另外聲明，本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的條款無(wú)意被應(yīng)用于本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)生效期前已存在的或被批準(zhǔn)建設(shè)或安裝的設(shè)備、儀器或裝置。 例外：在那些被權(quán)威所肯定存在的情形或?qū)ι拓?cái)產(chǎn)造成明顯威脅的情形的案例中，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將被應(yīng)用。1-4 定義1-4.1 NFPA

49、定義經(jīng)核準(zhǔn)。* 權(quán)威所有權(quán)限認(rèn)可。權(quán)威所有權(quán)限.* 團(tuán)體, 部門, 或個(gè)人可依賴和滿意的裝備, 材料, 裝置或程序。列表.* 設(shè)備, 材料, 或維修包括由有關(guān)產(chǎn)品或維護(hù)的評(píng)估和權(quán)威所有權(quán)限認(rèn)可的組織出版的列表，設(shè)備或原料列出的產(chǎn)品的定期維護(hù)檢查或定期的保養(yǎng)評(píng)估，接受適當(dāng)指定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的或者已被測(cè)試并被指定目的的適當(dāng)?shù)闹圃斓脑O(shè)備、原料或維護(hù)都被列如列表。Shall. 顯示一個(gè)強(qiáng)制的必要條件。Should. 指出一個(gè)建議或者是被考慮過(guò)但未被采用的。Standard. 一個(gè)檔案, 只包含強(qiáng)制性規(guī)定的使用“shall”指出其需要和另一個(gè)被法律所采用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提及的適當(dāng)?shù)囊话愕男问降囊?guī)定。未被考慮的規(guī)定應(yīng)被定位于

50、附錄、腳注或印刷物的注釋中而不會(huì)被定義在一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的必要條件中。1-4.2 一般定義。隔斷。一個(gè)完整的空間被墻和天花板分隔。如果從天花板到開(kāi)口深度小于8英寸（203mm）間隔允許和相鄰房間有開(kāi)口相通。吊頂。安裝在自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)下面的天花板系統(tǒng), 由暴露于熱度中會(huì)從底座上掉落的熱敏感的透明的或不透明的面板組成。民用建筑。一個(gè)或多個(gè)房間安排一個(gè)人住或多個(gè)人同住，作為一個(gè)住所通常應(yīng)該有烹飪、生存、衛(wèi)生和睡眠的設(shè)備。根據(jù)此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定，民用建筑包括旅館、宿舍、公寓、集體宿舍、避難所的臥室以及類似的建筑。.火勢(shì)的控制。噴放水以限制火災(zāi)的范圍以減少熱量的釋放速度和遠(yuǎn)離之前臨近的易燃物，通過(guò)控制氣體溫度來(lái)避免建

51、筑物的危險(xiǎn)?；鸬膿錅?。通過(guò)直接的手段和足夠兩的水噴入火場(chǎng)的燃燒物迅速地減慢火場(chǎng)熱量的釋放速度和撲滅火災(zāi)。明顯火災(zāi)危險(xiǎn)。 高層建筑易燃物火災(zāi)引發(fā)的典型的火災(zāi)危險(xiǎn)。高層固體堆積物儲(chǔ)藏室。不超過(guò)12英尺（3.7米）高度的固體堆積物、貨盤、儲(chǔ)藏箱和儲(chǔ)藏架。水力系統(tǒng)。 一個(gè)合理的噴水系統(tǒng)，其中管徑在壓力損失的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行選擇以提供一個(gè)預(yù)先設(shè)定的水密度，用每分鐘每平方英尺（mm/min）的加侖量表示，或者一個(gè)預(yù)先設(shè)定的每個(gè)噴水裝置的最小釋放壓力或流量，它在一個(gè)特定的區(qū)域上以一定程度合理的均勻布置。有限易燃的材料。用做建筑建設(shè)材料，一種不符和非燃燒物質(zhì)的定義的有不超過(guò)3500英國(guó)熱量單位每b（8141kj/k

52、g）的潛熱值（以這種形態(tài)而被利用）并且符合以下（a）和（b）之一情況的材料。因?yàn)槔匣?，潮濕或其他大氣條件的影響而易于增加燃燒性或火焰擴(kuò)張額度超過(guò)這里建立的限制的材料都要認(rèn)做是可燃的。（a）有非燃燒物質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ)，鋪成平面不超過(guò)1/8英寸（3.2mm）的厚度并且火焰擴(kuò)張等級(jí)不大于50的物質(zhì)。（b）以應(yīng)用的形式與厚度存在，除了（a）中描述的以外，既沒(méi)有大于25的火焰擴(kuò)張等級(jí)又沒(méi)有持續(xù)的增面燃燒跡象的物質(zhì)和一些其表面能通過(guò)在任何平面上切開(kāi)材料而暴露的成分而其火焰擴(kuò)張等級(jí)不大于25又沒(méi)有持續(xù)增面燃燒跡象的物質(zhì)?；旌腺A藏室。*高度不超過(guò)12英尺（3.66m）并且偶爾用于其他占有使用群體的貯藏室。這些貯藏室

53、不應(yīng)超過(guò)建筑面積的10%或者說(shuō)是4000平方英尺（372m2）的噴水區(qū)域，無(wú)論哪一個(gè)更大.在一個(gè)建筑或區(qū)域的這種貯藏室不應(yīng)該超過(guò)1000平方英尺（93m2），并且每一個(gè)這樣的建筑與區(qū)域應(yīng)該與其他的貯藏區(qū)域分開(kāi)至少25英尺（7.62m）。不燃燒材料。以它被利用的形式并且在預(yù)期的條件下，當(dāng)遭受火災(zāi)或受熱時(shí)不點(diǎn)火，燒焦，支持燃燒或者釋放可燃?xì)怏w的物質(zhì)。報(bào)告已經(jīng)通過(guò)美國(guó)材料實(shí)驗(yàn)協(xié)會(huì)E136，垂直管熔爐750度條件材料性能標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測(cè)試方法的應(yīng)被認(rèn)為是不燃燒材料。管道目錄系統(tǒng)。 管道膠料從一個(gè)目錄中選擇的噴水系統(tǒng)通過(guò)占有分級(jí)來(lái)確定，在其中，許多噴水裝置允許從具體大小的管道中供應(yīng)。工程焊接。 在本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)使用時(shí)，在

54、術(shù)語(yǔ)shop-welded中的shop既有（）一套自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)的承包人或者制造人的預(yù)述的意思又有（）一個(gè)原先特定的區(qū)域或權(quán)威認(rèn)可的定位焊接，就比如一個(gè)分離開(kāi)外表面的位置、維修車間或者其他的從易燃物和可燃物的區(qū)域中隔離出來(lái)的不燃物或難燃物的區(qū)域（既有臨時(shí)的也有永久的）。小的房間。 一個(gè)不超過(guò)800平方英尺（74.3m）有足夠照明且暢通無(wú)阻的建筑物和走廊被墻壁和天花板隔斷。如果從天花板到過(guò)梁的最小深度是8英寸（203mm）則允許鄰近的房間開(kāi)口。自動(dòng)噴水噴頭* 為了防火的目的，一套完整的地面下或天花板上的管道系統(tǒng)應(yīng)與防火工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相一致。它的安裝應(yīng)包括一個(gè)或多個(gè)自動(dòng)噴水設(shè)備。自動(dòng)噴水系統(tǒng)在地面上的

55、部分是一個(gè)特殊尺寸的網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)或安裝于大樓、建筑物或地區(qū)中的原有的水力輸送管道，一般位于上方，系統(tǒng)圖中附有噴水裝置圖。每個(gè)系統(tǒng)的控制閥在系統(tǒng)的起點(diǎn)或它的上水干管處。每個(gè)噴頭都包括一個(gè)在其啟動(dòng)的時(shí)候發(fā)出警報(bào)的設(shè)備。噴頭通常由火焰的熱量啟動(dòng)并在著火區(qū)域噴水。噴頭工作壓力。 最大的預(yù)設(shè)靜壓(不流動(dòng)的) 或動(dòng)壓應(yīng)用于自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)形成唯一的高壓。熱屏蔽。一種在火災(zāi)發(fā)生后15分鐘后限制為暴露表面的熱量平均上升以控制其溫度不高于250F (121C)，遵守標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的NFPA251時(shí)間-溫度曲線，建筑物或材料的耐火實(shí)驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。1-4.3 自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)分類濕式自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)。 一套使用自動(dòng)噴水的使用和供水干

56、管相連的充滿水的濕式自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)。由火場(chǎng)的熱量啟動(dòng)在其中的液態(tài)水瀉出后立即噴水。閉式自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)。濕的管自動(dòng)灑水裝置所有非-火保護(hù)連接到自動(dòng)機(jī)械自動(dòng)灑水裝置在封閉的-環(huán)吹笛排列為了利用灑水車吹笛到行為水為了熱或冷卻, 什么地方水是不遠(yuǎn)離的或使用從系統(tǒng)但是唯一的流通穿過(guò)吹笛系統(tǒng)。干濕式自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng) 一套管道內(nèi)充滿一定壓力下的氣體的在同一區(qū)域有維持壓力系統(tǒng)的包含自動(dòng)噴水噴頭的閉式噴水管路系統(tǒng)。在探測(cè)器啟動(dòng)后氣體平穩(wěn)流動(dòng)并保持管內(nèi)一定壓力。在自動(dòng)噴水裝置啟動(dòng)前流盡管內(nèi)氣體。探測(cè)系統(tǒng)也可作為自動(dòng)火災(zāi)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)。淹沒(méi)式自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)。一套附有給水系統(tǒng)的開(kāi)式噴水系統(tǒng)通過(guò)一根供水干管連接供水管網(wǎng)

57、并有安裝于和噴頭同一位置的探測(cè)器啟動(dòng)。當(dāng)干管開(kāi)放時(shí)所有噴頭一起噴水。干式自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)。一套包含自動(dòng)噴水噴頭的且管路中充滿一定壓力下的空氣或氮?dú)?，管路中的氣體釋放盡后（當(dāng)噴頭動(dòng)作時(shí)），水才能進(jìn)入管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)并充滿管道于噴頭瀉出。枝狀自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)* 一套管路為多重分支連接并平行交叉于干管的給水系統(tǒng)。噴水系統(tǒng)啟動(dòng)時(shí)水可以從兩條供水分支供給，當(dāng)另一條供水支管穿過(guò)干管中間。網(wǎng)狀自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)。* 一套從干管到啟動(dòng)的噴頭處有多于一條供水支管并且供水支管不交叉相連的自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)。預(yù)作用式自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)。* 一套管道中可能有壓力空氣或著沒(méi)有壓力空氣的附有供水系統(tǒng)的自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)，在和噴頭相同位置安裝有補(bǔ)足的探測(cè)器。濕式管路自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)。一套包含自動(dòng)噴水噴頭且和供水干管相連接的自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)，當(dāng)噴頭由于火場(chǎng)的熱量而動(dòng)作時(shí)能立即噴水滅火。