2013學(xué)年九英語上期中復(fù)習(xí)語言點歸納總結(jié)復(fù)習(xí)資料 - 中學(xué)英語優(yōu)秀教案教學(xué)反思

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1、2021學(xué)年九英語上期中復(fù)習(xí)語言點歸納總結(jié)復(fù)習(xí)資料 - 中學(xué)英語優(yōu)秀教案教學(xué)反思 Unit 1The Changing World 1.、afford 常與can, could 或 be able to 連用，尤其用于否認(rèn)句或疑問句，表“負(fù)擔(dān)得起〔做〕某事；抽得出〔時間〕〞 “(can’t/ couldn’t) afford (to do) sth.〞 We can’t afford (to buy ) this house because we don’t have enough money. 2、 search sp. for sth. 搜查某地尋找某物 search

2、sb. for sth. 搜身查找某物 search for sth./ sb.= look for sth./ sb. 搜尋某物/ 某人； 如： The villagers searched the woods for the lost children.村民們在樹林里尋找失蹤的孩子們。 The police searched the man for the stolen money. 警察搜那個男人的身，查找被偷的錢。 He is searching/ looking for his missing keys. 他在尋找他丟的鑰匙。 3、used to be/ do… 過去曾是/

3、常做…… be used to do sth. = be used for doing sth. 被用來做某事 〔被動〕 be/ get used to (doing ) sth. 習(xí)慣于〔做〕某事； 如： I used to be a Chinese teacher. 我過去曾是一名語文老師。 I used to swim in this river. 我過去常在這條河中游泳。 Knives are used to cut things.= knives are used for cutting things. 刀子被用砍東西。 We are used to getting up

4、 earlier now. 現(xiàn)在我們習(xí)慣于早起。 4、elder brother 哥哥 elder 作形容詞時, 是old的比擬級, 一般表示家庭成員出生的順序,在句中只能作定語,可與than連用; 而older表年齡的比擬,可與 than連用. 如: His elder sister is two years older than he. 他的姐姐比他大兩歲. 5、China has made such rapid progress. 中國已經(jīng)取得如此迅速的進步。 progress 為不可數(shù)名詞 make progress 取得進步 make some/ much/ grea

5、t progress 取得一些/ 許多/ 巨大的進步 6、What has happened to Beijing’s roads now? 現(xiàn)在北京的公路發(fā)生了什么變化？ sth. happen to sb. 某人發(fā)生了某事 ， 如： If anything happens to him, let me know. 萬一他有什么不測，就請通知我。 A little accident happened to her yesterday. 昨天她發(fā)生了點小意外。 7、hear from sb.=receive/ get a letter from sb. 收到某人的來信 8、--

6、-- I really hate to go shopping. ---- So do I . 我也是。 So do I .為倒裝句，表示前面提到的肯定情況也同樣適合另外一個主體，表“某某也一樣〞，結(jié)構(gòu)為“so + be /情態(tài)動詞/ 助動詞 + 主語〞。如： Jim is a student, so is Tom. 吉姆是一名學(xué)生，湯姆也是。 Jim can swim, so can Tom. 吉姆會游泳，湯姆也會。 Jim likes sports, so does Tom. 吉姆喜歡運動，湯姆也喜歡。 如表前面不怎樣，后面“也不〞怎樣時，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“ neither/ nor +

7、 be /情態(tài)動詞/ 助動詞 + 主語〞。 Jim wasn’t Chinese, neither/ nor were they. 吉姆不中國人，他們也不是。 Jim can’t speak Japanese, neither can I . 吉姆不會說日語，我也不會。 Jim didn’t go there, neither did I . 。 如前后兩句表達的是同一個主體，那么不能倒裝，表“確實如此〞。如： Jim is a good student. So he is. 吉姆是一名好學(xué)生，確實如此。 Jim swims well. So he does. 吉姆游泳很好，確實如此

8、。 9、population為不可數(shù)名詞，表示人口的多少只能用 “l(fā)arge〞或 “small〞修飾，提問人口用“what〞, The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. 上海的人口比北京多。 What’s the population of China?= How many people are there in China? 10.、Great changes have taken place in China. 中國發(fā)生了巨大變化。 take place 指必然性的“發(fā)生〞或有方案、安排之內(nèi)的“舉

9、行〞。如： The meeting will take place next Friday. 會議將在下周五舉行。 happen 指偶然的、沒有預(yù)料的“發(fā)生“，其結(jié)果往往給人帶來不幸或麻煩。如： The accident happened yesterday. 事故發(fā)生在昨天。 ※兩者都不用于被動語態(tài)。 11. The population has increased a lot. 人口增長發(fā)很多。 increase 可作及物動詞也可作不及物動詞。其含義是“增長，增加，加強〞等。 increase by… 指“增加了……〞; increase to…指 “增加到……〞 12、an

10、d about one fifth of the people in the world live in China. 英文分?jǐn)?shù)表達法：分子為基數(shù)詞，分母為序數(shù)詞當(dāng)分子大于1時，分母的序數(shù)詞那么變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)one fourth 四分之一；three fourths/ quarters 四分之三； one second 二分之一； two thirds 三分之二 13、It has worked well in controlling China’s population. 它在控制人口數(shù)量方面取得了顯著的成效。 work well in doing sth. 表“在……方面很有成效〞, 如

11、: Doing eye exercises works well in protecting our eyesight. 做眼保健操在保護視力方面很有成效。 14、 Because of our large population, we are short of energy and water. be short of…表 “缺乏〞, She is always short of money at the end of every month. 每個月底她總?cè)卞X。 be short for… 表“是……的縮寫〞, 如: TV is short for television. TV是t

12、elevision的縮寫形式. 15、 Can all Chinese families offer their children a good education? offer 表“〔主動〕給予，提供 offer sb. sth. “提供某人某物〞 如： I offered him a glass of wine. 我敬了他一杯酒。 offer to do sth. “〔主動〕提出做某事〞 如： She offered to cook for her mother. 她提出幫她媽媽煮飯。 16、 I can’t go shopping in big stores unless I

13、 travel for a couple of hours. 我得花幾個小時，才能到大的商場購物。 a) unless = if not 表“除非…; 如果不〞，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。如： I won’t go unless I hear from you. = I won’t go if I don’t hear from you. Unless Bill studies hard, he’ll fail in the exam. 如果比爾不努力, 他不會通過考試的. 17、 a couple of… 表 “幾個人或幾件事〞, 如: a couple of years ago 幾年前

14、; a couple of students 幾個學(xué)生 couple 指任何兩件同類的東西; 如: a couple of watches 兩只手表； five couples of cats 五對貓 pair 指兩件不可分開使用的東西,它們可指兩件互不相連的東西(鞋子、襪子等)，也可指兩局部構(gòu)成的一件東西〔褲子、剪刀等〕。 如： a pair of shoes 一雙鞋子 a pair of pants 一條褲子Unit 2Saving the earth 1、I can’t stand the environment here. 我無法容忍這兒的環(huán)境。 stand 表

15、“容忍；忍受〞，后接名詞、代詞及動名詞做賓語。 I can’t stand that man, he talks too much. 我忍受不了那個人了，他話太多了。 Can you stand the pain?你能忍得住痛嗎？ I can’t stand waiting any longer. 我再也等不了了。 2、What do you mean by sth. ?某物是什么意思呢? = What’s the meaning of sth ? = What does sth. mean? 3、I hope I can move from here so

16、on.= I hope to move from here soon. 當(dāng)主從句主語一致時，?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成不定式短語 4．There are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the river. There be + sb. / sth. + doing sth.表有某人/ 某物正在做某事。 如： There are some birds singing in the tree. 樹上有些鳥兒在歌唱。 There is a little girl crying in the street. 街上有

17、個小女孩在哭。 5．stop doing sth. 停止做〔正在進行的〕事 stop to do sth.停下來去做〔另一件〕事 如：It’s late. They will stop working and (stop) to have supper. The students stopped talking and to listen to the teacher. 學(xué)生們停止說話去聽課。 6．I’m sorry for making so much noise. 很抱歉我弄出這么大的噪音。 be sorry for doing sth.表對做過的事感到

18、抱歉 be sorry to do sth.表對當(dāng)前的事感到抱歉 如：I’m sorry for waking you up yesterday. 很抱歉昨天把你弄醒了。 I’m sorry to trouble you. 很抱歉打攪你了。 I’m sorry to hear that.聽到那個〔消息〕感到很遺憾。 7．not all people know that noise is also a kind of pollution. 并不是所有的人都知道噪音也是一種污染。 not 與both、all 、every 以及 every 的派生詞連用時

19、，表局部否認(rèn)。 如：Not everybody knows this secret. 不是人人知道這個秘密。 Nobody knows this secret.沒有一個人知道這個秘密。 I don’t know all (of) your names. 你們的名字我并不都知道。 I know none of your names. 我不知道你們所有人的名字。 8. Recently it was reported that many teenagers in America can hear no better than 65-year-old people

20、do,…近來據(jù)報道，美國許多青少年的聽力和65歲的老人一樣差。 no better than… 表“同……(幾乎)一樣差; 不比……做得好〞 如: Lucy did no better than Lily in the exam. 露西和莉莉考得幾乎一樣糟. = Lucy almost did as badly as Lily in the exam. Topic 2 1、It (sth.) + says that… 此句型中主語是事或物，say表用“文字、數(shù)字〞說明信息。如： It says “ Happy New Year!〞 on the card.

21、卡片上寫著“新年快樂！〞。 The clock says that it is 20:00 now. 這面鐘顯示現(xiàn)在是20：00。 2、As we know, none of us likes pollution. 眾所周知，沒有人喜歡污染。 none與no one 的區(qū)別： none “全無〞，既可指人也可指物，后常跟of 的短語; 作主語時，謂語動詞既可用單數(shù)也可用復(fù)數(shù)；no one只指人，后不能跟of 的短語; 作主語時，謂語動詞只用作單數(shù)。如： He has read none of these books.〔指物〕這些書他一本都沒看過。 None of

22、 my friends like/ likes drawing.〔指人〕我的朋友們沒有一個喜歡畫畫。No one is here. 沒有一個在這兒。 none答復(fù)how many/ much的問題；no one答復(fù)who的問題。 如： A: How many students come to school by taxi? B: None. 有多少的學(xué)生搭出租車來上學(xué)？ 沒有人。 A: How much water is there in the bottle? B: None. 瓶子里有多少水？ 一點兒也沒有。 A: Who is in the room?B: No

23、 one. 誰在房中？沒有人。 3、change… into… = turn… into…把…..(轉(zhuǎn))變成….. 如： Please change/ turn English into Chinese. 請把英語變成漢語。 When the traffic lights change/ turn into green, we can go. 4、Trees can keep water from running away. 樹可以防止水土流失。 stop / prevent sb. /sth. (from ) doing sth. 阻止/ 防止 某人或某物做

24、某事 keep sb./sth. from doing sth.阻止/ 防止某人或某物做某事 5、And some animals are in danger of disappearing completely. = And some animals are in danger of dying out.一些動物瀕臨滅絕。 in danger of ( doing ) sth.處于做某事的危險中 They are in danger of losing their lives. 9. You may either take a bus or a taxi.

25、 你們可能搭公車去或者是搭出租車去。 a) either…or… “要么…要么…; 或者…或者…〞 并列連詞,連接主語時,根據(jù)就近原那么。如： You may come either today or tomorrow. 你要么今天來，要么明天來。 We can either sing or dance. 我們可以唱歌或跳舞。 Either you or he is right. 要么你對，要么他對。 either 單獨使用時，是代詞，表“二者之一〞既可指人也可指物；用作主語時，謂語動詞用作單數(shù)。 如：A：would you like coffee or te

26、a?B: Either is OK Either of us is right. 我們倆中有一人是對的。 Topic 3 1、We should use both sides of paper, and reuse plastic bags rather than throw them away. 我們應(yīng)該把紙的兩面都使用，將塑料袋再次使用而不是輕易扔掉。 both 修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞；而 either 修飾單數(shù)名詞； 如： There are a lot of trees on both sides of the road. = There are a lot of

27、 trees on either side of the road.在路的兩邊有許多樹。 rather than 表“〔是〕……而不是〞;連詞, 連接對等結(jié)構(gòu), 相當(dāng)于instead of如: I like coffee rather than tea. = I like coffee instead of tea. 我喜歡咖啡而不是茶. He likes listening to music rather than/ instead of singing. 他喜歡聽音樂而不是唱歌. 2、Everyone is supposed to do it. be supposed

28、to do sth.指〔按規(guī)定、習(xí)慣、安排等〕應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事；必須做某事；相當(dāng)于should; 用于否認(rèn)句時，表“允許〞； Teachers are supposed to/ should know a lot. 老師應(yīng)該知道很多。 You are not supposed to smoke here. 這里不允許抽煙。重點易混詞辨析 參加take part in/be in/ join in+活動參加活動 take part in the long jump join the school rowing club參加組織 be/play for/against sth支

29、持/反對某人 /某事 效力They both play for the Houston Rockets. 反義詞play against對陣 2.花費 人+spend some time/money on sth/in doing sth花費時間或者金錢在某事上/做某事 人+pay some money for sth 物+cost/ take help sb (to) do something=do sb. a favor=give sb a hand 3. 到達reach/ get to/arrive in/at+地點， in跟大地點，in Beijin

30、g,at跟小地點 at homearrive in Beijing,arrive at Beijing airport 4. 著名be famous forChina is famous for the Great Wall. 因。。。而聞名 be famous asChongqing is famous as the Mountain City.稱之為，美譽 5.like (動詞)喜歡like介詞像feel like doing sth 喜歡做某事 look like看起來像 sound like聽起來像 smell like聞起來像, taste like嘗起來像.

31、 6.看looklook up a word in a dictionary查單詞 look like看起來像, look the same〔句末〕look at看一看, look for尋找, look over檢查, look after 7.借I can lend you some tapes of her songs.主語借出 We often borrow books from the library.主語借進 Can I borrow your bike? =Can you lend me your bike?=Can you lend your bike

32、to me? 8.照顧動詞care for the patients 照顧病人，名詞take care of sb/oneself, 形容詞Be careful留神〔反〕careless 9.猜想Collecting stamps must be great fun. 收集郵票想必很有趣。 類似事實Collecting stamps is fun. 收集郵票很有趣. 10． 能夠be able to+ 動詞原形can+動詞原形 11.close形容詞They are close friends親密的朋友. 動詞Close the door.請關(guān)門 co

33、ver 名詞蓋子，動詞覆蓋 12. enoughhave enough food/rice/money/books〔enough+名詞〕 He is not tall〔形容詞〕enough to reach the fan.=He is too short to reach the fan(夠得著風(fēng)扇). cold/warm/big/small + enough足夠冷/暖/大/小 〔形容詞/副詞+ enough〕 13.介詞for 與to( 有不定式就用for, 無那么用to) Rainforests/Plants and animals are importan

34、t/ useful/ necessary to us. Water is important to us. Water is very important for us to live. Water is necessary to us. It’s necessary for us to learn English. be helpful in doing sth 在某方面有幫助,be helpful to do sth 14、live 動詞居住，第三人稱單數(shù)lives living 〔形容詞〕活的 living things 生物life 名詞，生命， 復(fù)數(shù)li

35、ves 15、keep him active/healthy, keep the classroom clean〔 keep sb.+ 形容詞〕 keep me waiting so long, keep trying keep (sb.) doing sth.〔讓某人〕一直做某事 keep sb. doing sth. 16.help sb with sth在某方面幫助某人= help sb ( to ) do sth help名詞with the help of Jane = with Jane’s help 反義詞without one’s help

36、17.plan名詞the plans for this year/next week 動詞How do you plan to celebrate it?=How are you going to celebrate it? exciting, excited, interesting, interested, tiring, tired ( 修飾事物用ing, 形容人用ed ) The movie was very exciting. People are excited.an exciting movie The stories are very interest

37、ing. He is very interested in it.an interesting story The job is tiring.She is very tired of it.You have a tiring job. 19. change my clothes換我的衣服, 名詞 need a change , great changes let me out/in〔副詞〕讓我出去/進來，let me sing/cry〔動詞〕讓我唱/哭 20.〔介詞詞組〕代替 instead of+n./pron.賓格/Ving代替，而不是 instead 副詞，可以單獨使用位于句首和句末做狀語 〔動詞詞組〕take the place of +名詞/代詞 I’ll give the talk instead of him.= I’ll take the place of him to give the talk.