2011年中考英語綜合復習易錯題歸納 - 中學英語優(yōu)秀教案教學反思

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1、2021年中考英語綜合復習易錯題歸納 - 中學英語優(yōu)秀教案教學反思 1. both ［誤］They both are students. ［正］They are both students. ［誤］They refuse both to answer this question. ［正］They both refuse to answer this question. ［析］both作同位語時，一般要用在be動詞之后實意動詞之前。 ［誤］I know his both parents. ［正］I know both h

2、is parents. ［誤］The both brothers were students. ［正］Both the brothers were students. ［正］Both brothers were students. ［析］當both與形容詞性物主代詞my，his，her等以及定冠詞the連用時，都應將這些詞置于both之后。另外，在與定冠詞連用時the可以省略。 ［誤］Both of my parents are not at home. ［正］Neither of my parents are at home. ［誤］Bo

3、th of your answers are not right. ［正］Neither of your answers is right. ［正］Both your answers are wrong. ［析］both不能用于否認句中作主語。表示“兩者都不〞時要用neither；但作賓語時both與either那么都對，但要注意句意有所不同。例如：I can not give both of the books to you.〔我不能將兩本書全給你。〕而I can not give either of the books to you.〔兩本書中哪本書也不能給你。〕

4、 2. bring ［誤］Please bring this dictionary to Mr Brown. ［正］Please take this dictionary to Mr Brown. ［誤］Next time, please take your little sister here. ［正］Next time, please bring your little sister here. ［析］英語中bring是“帶來〞，而take是“帶走〞。還有一個詞fetch, 表示“到某處去把某物取、接回來〞。如：Please fetch

5、the doctor at once. 3. business ［誤］My father went to Shanghai for business. ［正］My father went to Shanghai on business. ［析］on business出差 4. busy ［誤］The students were very busy to prepare for the exam. ［正］The students were very busy preparing for the exam.

6、 ［析］be busy doing something為“忙于作某事〞。 ［誤］The students were busy for the exam. ［正］The students were busy with the exam. ［析］busy直接接名詞時應用with。 　　5. but ［誤］He couldn't help but realizing that he was wrong. ［正］He couldn't help but realize that he was wrong. ［誤］She coul

7、dn't help to cry when she saw her mother. ［正］She couldn't help crying when she saw her mother. ［析］couldn't help其后應接動名詞，表示情不自禁的動作，但couldn't help but后面要加動詞原形即省to的不定式，所以前一句應譯為“他才真正認識到他錯了。〞 6. buy ［誤］I have bought this dictionary for three years. ［正］I have had this dictionary

8、for three years. ［析］buy是截止性〔即瞬間〕動詞，它可以有完成時，如：I have bought this dictionary. 但是不能與表示較長的時間狀語連用。如要講我這本字典已買了3年了那么要用have had這一結(jié)構(gòu)即我擁有這本字典已3年了。 7. by ［誤］The boy shot the cat by a gun.　 ［正］The boy shot the cat with a gun. ［誤］He came to school by a taxi this morning. ［正］He came

9、to school by taxi this morning. ［析］作為某種運輸手段來講，by與名詞間不能有冠詞，如：by car，by bike，by air等。如有了冠詞或其他修飾詞，那么應用別的相應的介詞，如：“我們今天早上是乘他的車來的〞一句應譯為：We came here in his car this morning. 與by結(jié)合而成的詞組很多，常用的有：by the way順便說說；by hand手工制作；by oneself單獨地；by no means決不。 8. call ［誤］I'll call at Mr Brown.

10、［正］I'll call on Mr Brown. ［誤］I'll call on Mr Brown's home. ［正］I'll call at Mr Brown's home. ［析］作“拜訪〞講時，at后面接訪問地點，而on后面接訪問的人。 call on, drop in, visit call on比擬正式的為公務的訪問，如：We were called on by the old students. 而drop in那么是比擬隨便的走走，順便拜訪，如：If you're free, drop in. 而visit那么是更正式的外交訪問或友

11、好往來，如：My school's headmaster will visit America next week. 9. can ［誤］A blind man can not judge colours.　 ［正］A blind man cannot judge colours. ［誤］I cann't call for you at ten. ［正］I can't call for you at ten. ［析］can的否認形式應為cannot或can't.　 ［誤］It's only six o'clock.

12、That mustn't be the postman. ［正］It's only six o'clock. That can't be the postman. ［析］ must用來表示一種肯定的推斷，如：She must have some problems. She keeps crying. 但在否認句中那么要用can't，要表示對過去的推測那么要用“must + have +過去分詞〞的表達法，如：The lights have gone out. A fuse must have blown. 而對過去的否認推測那么多用“can't + have + 過去分詞〞，如：I

13、 don't think he can have heard you. Call again. ［誤］We could not help to laugh at once. ［正］We could not help laughing at once. ［正］We could not help but laugh at once. ［析］ “couldn't help + 動名詞〞表示禁不住做了某事。但could not help but與could not but后面要加不帶to的不定式，意思都是不得不去做某事.如：You could not (help)

14、but respect him. can, be able to can與be able to都可以用來表示能力，但can只有現(xiàn)在時與過去時，be able to那么可用任何時態(tài)，如：He will be able to teach the child. 但要表示經(jīng)過努力而到達的一次性動作那么只能用be able to，如：He finally was able to jump over 210 meters. 或：The plane was able to fly over the mountain. 但要注意的是這兩個詞都沒有進行時態(tài)，而be able to后面不接

15、不定式的被動態(tài)。 can, could can與could都可以用在現(xiàn)在時的口語中，只是用could更為禮貌，語氣更委婉。如：Could you tell us a story? 10. care ［誤］I don't care coffee. ［正］I don't care for coffee. ［誤］Take care for your steps. ［正］Take care of your steps. ［析］ care for是“對某物感興趣〞，而care of是“關心，要留神某事〞，如：She di

16、dn't care for him. Take care of what you are doing. ［誤］I don't care where we will go if it doesn't rain. ［正］I don't care where we go if it doesn't rain. ［析］在it doesn't matter，I don't care，I don't mind，及in case引出的狀語從句后面要用現(xiàn)在時表示將來。如：I've got a football in case we have time for a game.1.

17、change ［誤］I want to change my camera with that one. ［正］I want to change my camera for that one. ［析］ change for為“以某物為交換物〞。而change with那么是“隨……而變〞，如：The wood's colour changed with the season. 2. cheap ［誤］A teacher's salary is generally very cheap. ［正］A teacher's sala

18、ry is generally very low. ［析］工資的上下要用low，cheap是指價格廉價，如果要講物美價廉那么要用not expensive, 如：This car is not expensive. 3. choose ［誤］We each had to have a choose of A or B. ［正］We each had to have a choice of A or B. ［析］choice是名詞，而choose是動詞。 4. class ［誤］The class is w

19、atching TV. ［正］The class are watching TV. ［析］class作主語時，如果作為整體講那么應用單數(shù)形式的謂語動詞，如：The class was more than forty in number. 如考慮到具體的每個成員時那么應用復數(shù)形式的謂語動詞，如：The class are, in general, very bright. 5. clean ［誤］Sorry, I didn't bought it here. I cleanly forgot. ［正］Sorry, I didn't bough

20、t it here. I clean forgot. ［析］clean可以作為副詞講，其意為“完全〞，而cleanly那么意為“正確地〞、“干凈利落地〞，如：The knife doesn't cut cleanly. 而clean作為形容詞講時意為“清潔的〞、“干凈的〞，如：Her face is not clean now. 6. clever ［誤］I'm not clever in English. ［正］I'm not clever at English. ［析］clever at是固定搭配，表示在某方面有特長。

21、 7. close ［誤］It is cold outside. Please keep the door close. ［正］It is cold outside. Please keep the door closed. ［析］這里的close是動詞，意為“關閉〞，而keep后要加形容詞，所以要用close的過去分詞形式closed作形容詞。作形容詞用的close意為“近的〞、“親密的〞。 ［誤］Come closely so that I can see you. ［正］Come close so that I can see you

22、. ［誤］Good teaching and good testing are close related. ［正］Good teaching and good testing are closely related. ［析］close，closely同樣可以作副詞用，但其意義不同，close是“靠近〞、“接近〞之意，而closely那么是“緊密〞、“嚴密〞、“密切〞之意。 ［誤］My school was quite close from my home. ［正］My school was quite close to my home.　 ［析

23、］“與……接近〞是close to ...，例如： He was close to fifty. There is a bus stop close to the station. close, shut, turn shut與close是同義詞，如close the door或shut the door. 但要講把某人關在門外時那么只能用shut somebody out而不能用close，因shut語氣較強，并含有隔離之意。而turn off是指關上電視、電燈、煤氣之類，有切斷之意。 8. cloth ［誤］The c

24、hildren wear very good cloth to go to school. ［正］The children wear very good clothes to go to school. ［誤］I need a lot of clothing. I'm going to make a new cloth. ［正］I need a lot of cloth. I'm going to make a new dress. ［析］cloth是“布〞、“布料〞，沒有復數(shù)形式。一塊布料是a piece of cloth，而clothes統(tǒng)指衣服，是復數(shù)名詞，“一套

25、衣服〞要講a suit of clothes，如果是“一件件衣服〞應講shirt，dress，sweater等。而clothing是衣物的總稱，是不可數(shù)名詞。例如：This clothing is needed in warm countries. Her clothes are made of fine cloth. 英語中的dress是指比擬正式的服裝，如a school dress〔校服〕，a student dress〔學生套裝〕，a working dress〔工作服〕。 9. coffee ［誤］Please give me two waters

26、. ［正］Please give me two coffees. ［正］Please give me two cups of water. ［析］雖然coffee，water，tea等都是物質(zhì)名詞，但是只有coffee可用coffees取代假設干杯coffee，而其他的卻不行，其前要加a cup of或a glass of. 10. colour (color) ［誤］Colours of flowers are red, yellow and white. ［正］Flowers are red, yellow and white.

27、 ［析］中文的“花的顏色有紅色、黃色和白色〞，假設譯為英文Colours of flowers are ...，就顯得重復了。 ［誤］I like green colour. ［正］I like green. ［正］I like colour green. ［析］colour green中的colour是green的同位語，所以這種說話方式英語是可以接受的。1. come ［誤］I came across with an old friend in the street yesterday. ［正］I came across an

28、 old friend in the street yesterday. ［析］ come across是“偶然碰見、遇見〞，要直接加賓語，如：I've just come across a beautiful poem in this magazine. ［誤］A: Where do you come from? B: I come from the station. 　　［正］A: Where did you come from? B: I came from the station. 　?。壅軦: Where do you come from? B: I c

29、ome from China. ［析］ Where do you come from?意為“你是什么地方的人?〞而Where did you come from?那么是“你從何處來?〞 ［誤］The stars are coming out from the cloud. ［正］The stars are coming out of the cloud. ［析］come out of意為“從……地方出來〞。 come in, come into, enter 　　come in與come into的意義相同，但come into后面要加賓

30、語，而come in后面不用賓語。如I found someone came into my room. The door opened and the child came in. enter常作為及物動詞使用，如：The bus entered the English tunnel. 2. congratulate ［誤］I want to congratulate you for your success with all my heart. ［正］I want to congratulate you on your success wit

31、h all my heart. ［析］動詞congratulate somebody on something是“向某人祝賀某事〞。其名詞congratulation在用時一般要用復數(shù)，如：I offered him my congratulations on his success.又如：Congratulations! 3. cook ［誤］My father is a good cooker. ［正］My father is a good cook. ［析］很多動詞加上er那么變?yōu)閳?zhí)行該動作的一種人，如work --- worker,

32、 teach --- teacher. 但cook即是動詞“做飯〞，同時名詞也是“廚師〞。而cooker那么是“廚具〞、“炊具〞之意。如：I will cook the dinner. I bought a good press cooker〔高壓鍋〕。 4. corner ［誤］There is a post office in the corner of the street. ［正］There is a post office at the corner of the street. ［誤］A girl sat at the corner

33、of the room. ［正］A girl sat in the corner of the room. ［析］ in the corner是在建筑物內(nèi)部的角上，而at the corner是在外部的角上，如：There is a big tree at the corner of the building. 5. cost ［誤］I cost ten dollars for the book. ［正］I spent ten dollars on the book. ［誤］I cost two hours to do my home

34、work. ［正］It took me two hours to do my homework. ［析］cost，spend，take都可以作“花費〞講，但用法不同。cost的用法是“something + cost + somebody + 時間或金錢〞，如：The book cost me ten dollars. spend的用法是“somebody + spend + 時間 + (in)doing something〞，如：I spent two hours (in) writing this book. 或“somebody + spend + 金錢 + on somet

35、hing〞，如：I spend two dollars on this book. 而take的用法那么要用邏輯主語it：“It + takes + somebody + 時間 + to do something〞, 如：It took me an hour to clean the classroom. 6. country ［誤］You can find cows in a country. ［正］You can find cows in the country. ［析］country即可作“國家〞講，也可作“農(nóng)村〞講。當作“農(nóng)村〞講時，一定

36、要加定冠詞，而且只有單數(shù)形式。 ［誤］Farmers live in the countries. ［正］Farmers live in the country. ［析］但作為“國家〞講時那么可有單、復數(shù)形式，例如：Japan is an Asian country. Japan, China, and India are Asian countries.另外，country一般指的是地理概念上的國家，如：New Zealand is an agricultural country. 而nation多指民族組成的國家，如：The Chinese nation〔中華

37、民族〕。state多側(cè)重于政權(quán)方面的區(qū)域、國家范圍，如：the state farm〔國營農(nóng)場〕。 7. cross ［誤］There are traffic lights at the cross. ［正］There are traffic lights at the crossing. ［析］cross作為名詞講時是十字架、十字形的東西，如：Red Cross〔紅十字會〕。 ［誤］The little boy is going to across the street. ［正］The little boy is goi

38、ng to cross the street. ［析］across是副詞或介詞，但不能作動詞用。 cross, pass cross是指橫過某地，如：He crossed the square. 而pass那么強調(diào)從某物體旁經(jīng)過，如：I mailed some letters when I passed the post office.　 8. crowd ［誤］The room soon was crowded by people. ［正］The room soon was crowded with people.

39、 ［析］crowded在這句話中應作為形容詞，所以這句話不是被動語態(tài)而是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，如：The room was crowded with books. 9. cup ［誤］A silver glass was given to the winner. ［正］A silver cup was given to the winner. ［誤］My mother was looking for the whisky cup. ［正］My mother was looking for the whisky glass. ［析］glass一般指

40、由玻璃制成的器皿，而cup多指用陶瓷或金屬制成的杯子，且cup尤其用在獎杯上。喝酒多用的是玻璃制成的杯子，如我們講I drink a glass of wine at supper. 而不講I drink a cup of wine at supper. 10. dance ［誤］We'll invite you and your wife to a dance party. ［正］We'll invite you and your wife to a dancing party. ［正］We'll invite you and your wife to a dance. ［正］We'll invite you and your wife to a ball.〔美語中常用ball作為舞會?！?