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1、第六章 聽 力,要點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥,一、聽力的重要性 英語的聽、說、讀、寫四種基本能力中,聽排在第一,聽是獲得語言信息的最主要的途徑,只有聽得正確,才能讀得流暢,說得流利,所以,英語聽力訓(xùn)練是中小學(xué)英語學(xué)習(xí)的一個重要環(huán)節(jié)。,二、聽力題的解題策略 1. 學(xué)會預(yù)測 預(yù)測是聽力理解過程中的重要一環(huán)。要求學(xué)生在做聽力題之前,根據(jù)圖片進(jìn)行預(yù)測,根據(jù)所聽的主題句進(jìn)行預(yù)測,根據(jù)談話人的身份、談話地點(diǎn)等進(jìn)行預(yù)測,從而快速地排除一些錯誤選項(xiàng)或?qū)⒋鸢告i定在一定范圍內(nèi)。 2. 抓住要點(diǎn) 即在聽錄音的過程中,要注意抓住主要內(nèi)容和關(guān)鍵詞眼,避開無關(guān)內(nèi)容,而集中注意力于一些特定的信息,諸如特定的人物、數(shù)字、顏色、時間、場合、事件等
2、,這樣才能快速有效地抓住問題的正確答案。,3. 認(rèn)真答題 如果錄音材料播放兩遍的話,通常選擇聽第二遍時來答題。聽第一遍錄音時,要做的主要工作是聽清大意和抓住并記錄要點(diǎn),如果第一遍沒聽清,可以在聽第二遍時全力以赴,集中精力捕捉相關(guān)信息,同時迅速答題。同時在整個錄音播放結(jié)束之后,不要急于做筆試部分的題目,而應(yīng)該憑著剛剛聽到的所有信息的短暫記憶,對整個聽力部分進(jìn)行一次全面的檢查,及時修正錯誤的答案。,三、聽力訓(xùn)練中應(yīng)注意的問題 聽力水平的提高是一個循序漸進(jìn)、日積月累的過程,要靠平時堅持不斷地進(jìn)行聽力訓(xùn)練。在平時的聽力訓(xùn)練中,要注意以下問題: 1. 強(qiáng)度的調(diào)控 聽力訓(xùn)練是一種強(qiáng)化教學(xué),在整個聽力過程中
3、,注意力和精神都處于高度緊張狀態(tài)。這種狀態(tài)如果持續(xù)太久,則會產(chǎn)生疲勞。因此必須控制時間,一般一次聽力的時間不超過15分鐘。,2材料的選擇 聽力材料的難易程度要適合學(xué)生的聽力水平,太容易,失去了訓(xùn)練的意義;太難,聽不懂,就會失去信心和興趣。其次,聽力材料不宜太長,太長的容易分散注意力,欲速則不達(dá)。再次,要聽不同人士的朗讀材料,以便適應(yīng)不同的英語口音。,考點(diǎn)精析,考點(diǎn)1 考查對詞匯讀音的辨別 【例1】聽錄音,選出你所聽到的單詞。 ()1. A. park B. dark ()2. A. ship B. sheep ()3. A. this B. these ()4. A. camp B. cap
4、聽力材料: 1. dark2. ship3. these4.camp,解析:本題考查學(xué)生對音近詞的辨別能力。學(xué)生在聽力錄音播放之前,必須要自己先將每組單詞默讀一遍,做到心里有數(shù)。在聽力的時候,一定要集中注意力,認(rèn)真仔細(xì)地聽。 第1小題在于辨別 /p/ 和 /d/兩個音節(jié);第2小題要注意的是長短音/i/ 和/i/的區(qū)別;第3小題中要注意/is/ 和/iz/的區(qū)別;第4小題要注意有沒有聽到/m/這個音節(jié)。 這些都是比較細(xì)微的差別,要求學(xué)生在平時的學(xué)習(xí)中,對單詞的發(fā)音要盡可能地做到準(zhǔn)確,這樣才能經(jīng)得起檢驗(yàn)。 答案:1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A,【例2】聽錄音,從你聽到的句子中選出你所聽到的單詞。
5、() 1. A. horseB. hospital C. house () 2. A. by B. buy C. bye 聽力材料:1. I live in a house near the park. 2. I want to buy something for my cousin. 解析:此類題給出的是3個形近、音近單詞,第2小題還是三個同音詞。解答此類題要求學(xué)生在讀完所有選項(xiàng)的單詞之后,將錄音中的句子的意思聽明白,這樣才能做出正確的選擇。 答案:1. C 2. B,考點(diǎn)2 考查單詞、語句或?qū)υ捄蛨D片的對應(yīng) 【例3】聽錄音,根據(jù)你所聽到的內(nèi)容,選出正確的圖片。 ()1. How to ge
6、t to the park? ()2. What class are they having?,聽力材料: 1. A: Excuse me! How can I get to the park from here? B: Turn left at the first traffic lights, and then go straight. You can see the park on your left. A: Thanks a lot. Question: How can the girl get to the park? 2. Amy, come and writ down the w
7、ord“school”! Question: What class are they having?,解析:這類圖片類聽力題,錄音可能是一組單詞、一個句子或一段對話。解此類題的關(guān)鍵是理解每一幅圖片的意思,然后與所聽到的信息相匹配,即可得出正確答案。在第1小題中,最關(guān)鍵的錄音信息是B 說的 “Turn left at ”,于是可以果斷地選出A圖;第2小題只要看明白了圖片,再結(jié)合句子意思,就很好做選擇了。 答案: 1. A 2. B,考點(diǎn)3 考查問答句的對應(yīng) 【例4】聽錄音,根據(jù)問句選出正確的答句。 ()1. A. At 7:00 a.m. B. At 6:30 p.m. ()2. A. He w
8、as in Class 5. B. She was in Class 2. 聽力材料: 1. When do you eat dinner at the weekend? 2. Which class was Mike in?,解析: 此類題考查的是學(xué)生對所學(xué)的重點(diǎn)句型的掌握情況,同時,還要注意細(xì)節(jié),如在第2小題中,題面上除了Class 2 和Class 5 的不同之外,還有主語He 和She的不同,而聽力對人稱的考查是從來沒有停止過,Mike 是男生,所以用的代詞是He。 答案:1. B 2. A,考點(diǎn)4 考查對短文的理解 【例5】聽錄音,根據(jù)你所聽到的短文內(nèi)容判斷下列句子的正(T)誤(F)
9、。 ( )1. Jack lives in a village. ( )2. Jack lives in Guangzhou with his parents. ( )3. It was not a fine day last Sunday. ( )4. Jack watched TV and drank tea with his grandparents. ( )5. Jack is a helpful boy.,聽力材料: Jack is a 12-year-old boy. He lives with his grandpa and grandma in a small village.
10、 His parents are in Guangzhou. They work there. Jack is very helpful. Last Sunday, the weather was fine. Jack and his grandparents were drinking tea at home. Suddenly, a little boy cried outside. His kite was in the tree. Jack went out and helped the boy. The little boy was happy and he laughed.,解析:
11、此類短文類聽力題的難度較大,考查學(xué)生對語段的整體把握的同時,還要求學(xué)生注意其中的細(xì)節(jié)。如在本題中,聽力材料給出的是“He lives with his grandpa and grandma in a small village.”需要判斷的句子是1. Jack lives in a village. 2. Jack lives (in Guangzhou)with his parents. 而其后還有一句是“His parents are in Guangzhou?!?如果不能把握全局的話,很容易被誤導(dǎo)。 第3小題,短文中的句子是“the weather was fine?!?而判斷的句子“
12、It was not a fine day last Sunday?!?not 一詞總是最容易被疏漏的,所以,在聽錄音之前的讀題,就顯得尤為重要了。必要的時候,可以將題目句子中的關(guān)鍵詞畫出來,然后在聽的時候,側(cè)重地去聽這些關(guān)鍵信息,判斷錄音與題目信息是否相匹配,從而降低做題的難度和錯誤率。 答案:1. T 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. T,過關(guān)檢測,一、聽錄音,選出你所聽到的單詞。(聽兩遍) ( )1. A. noon B. soon C. moon ( )2. A. luck B. lucky C. like ( )3. A. hobby B. coffee C. copy ( )4.
13、 A. other B. another C. others ( )5. A. winner B. winter C. what ( )6. A. last B. lost C. fast ( )7. A. wash B. watch C. warm ( )8. A. place B. palace C. please ( )9. A. show B. know C. snow ( )10. A. bring B. spring C. ring,B,B,B,B,B,C,B,A,A,A,二、聽錄音,從你聽到的句子中選出你所聽到的內(nèi)容。(聽兩遍) ( )1. A. go to school B.
14、go in spring C. go for a walk ( )2. A. start B. store C. stamp ( )3. A. How many B. How long C. How often ( )4. A. because B. before C. begin ( )5. A. boys B. doors C. toys ( )6. A. brush my teeth B. wash my hair C. buy some tea,A,A,C,B,C,A,( )7. A. 9:40 B. 9:50 C. 10:20 ( )8. A. begins in March and
15、 ends in August B. begins in April and ends in May C. begins in June and ends in September ( )9. A. June 2nd B. April 4th C. July 14th ( )10. A. on a home day B. on holiday C. how many days,A,B,C,B,三、聽錄音,用數(shù)字給下列圖片排序。(聽兩遍) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ),4,6,5,3,2,9,1,10,7,8,四、聽錄音,根據(jù)你所聽到的內(nèi)容,選出
16、正確的圖片。(聽兩遍) ( )1. Which pencil is Mikes? A. B. ( )2. What are they talking about? A. B.,B,B,( )3. What are they going to play? A. B. ( )4. Where is the girl going? A. B. ( )5. How is Chen Jie going to the bookstore? A. B.,B,A,B,五、聽錄音,補(bǔ)全下列句子中所缺的單詞,每空一詞。(聽兩遍) 1. How _ are you? Im 52 kg. Im _ than you.
17、 2. I stayed at home with your grandma. We _ tea in the afternoon and _ TV. 3. Did Wu Yifan _ gifts in Beijing? Yes, he _ many gifts for his friends. 4. Look at you. You are too _ now. You should do more _. 5. How can I get to Fuxing _? You can take the No. _ bus.,heavy,thinner,drank,watched,buy,bou
18、ght,weak,exercise,Road,45,六、聽錄音,根據(jù)問句選出正確的答句。(聽兩遍) ( )1. A. Yes, we do. B. We want to go. C. Yes, we want. ( )2. A. Sorry, I dont know. B. Sorry, Im late. C. OK. Lets go. ( )3. A. At 9:00. B. It opens. C. Twenty-nine. ( )4. A. Yes, they want. B. No, they didnt. C. No, they dont. ( )5. A. Not at all.
19、B. Thank you. C. Youre welcome.,A,A,A,C,B,七、聽錄音,根據(jù)你所聽到的短文內(nèi)容,判斷下列句子的正(T)誤(F)。(聽兩遍) ( )1. There is a lake in Zhongshan Park. ( )2. There are some fish in the water. ( )3. There are no trees in the park. ( )4. There are many small houses beside the mountain. ( )5. I often do exercise in the park.,F,F,F,F,T,