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1、題型四 短文填空,考情分析,從近八年陜西中考短文填空的考查情況可以看出: 1.文體及話題:文體均為記敘文,話題涉及教育故事、情感故事和愛心故事,選材貼近學(xué)生生活,對(duì)學(xué)生的成長(zhǎng)有積極的教育意義。 2. 難易度:詞數(shù)在190270詞之間,生詞量03個(gè),且均在文中給出漢語(yǔ)注釋。 3. 考查點(diǎn):方框中所給詞均可變形,所填單詞需要變形為89個(gè),具體如下: (1)必考點(diǎn):動(dòng)詞【動(dòng)詞過去式/過去分詞/現(xiàn)在分詞、動(dòng)詞名詞】 形容詞【形容詞副詞、形容詞比較級(jí)/最高級(jí)】 名詞【名詞名詞復(fù)數(shù)/名詞所有格、名詞形容詞】 (2)高頻考點(diǎn):代詞【人稱代詞物主代詞/反身代詞/人稱代詞賓格
2、】 (3)低頻考點(diǎn):數(shù)詞【序數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞】,考情分析,解題技巧,典例(2018陜西)短文填空:用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,使短文完整正確。(每個(gè)單詞限用一次。每空只填一個(gè)單詞。) Wang Ping is a cleaner. He has 61. in a park for 5 years. He is also a good father. Nothing can make him 62. than playing with his little daughter in his free time. Last Tuesday afternoon, while he w
3、as 63. the park, suddenly, he heard a woman crying for help. He ran up 64. to see what happened. The womans 15-month-old baby girl choked (窒息) on a small piece of pear and her face 65. purple. The baby was too young to save herself, and the mother was so nervous that she didnt know how to,save
4、 her daughter properly. Luckily, Wang Ping knew what to do. He took the baby in his 66. without thinking twice. With the mothers help, Wang Ping held the baby upside down and gave her a few pats (輕拍) on the back. After a short while, he succeeded in getting the piece of pear out of her mouth and
5、 the baby began to cry. Her mom was so thankful because her daughter was 67. . Wang Ping tried his best and saved the 68. life. In his mind, helping others is just helping 69. . He hoped more people could 70. to help the people in need if possible.,解題技巧,一、瀏覽所給詞,分析又聯(lián)系。 瀏覽方框中所給的10個(gè)詞,明確其詞性、詞
6、義,尤其要知道其可能的變形。 (1)動(dòng)詞:考慮其時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、主謂一致、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(動(dòng)詞不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 (2)名詞:考慮名詞單復(fù)數(shù)、名詞所有格及詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。 (3)形容詞和副詞:考慮形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。 (4)代詞:人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。,歌訣助記 空前空后要注意,名詞單復(fù)要牢記,還有s不能棄; 動(dòng)詞注意要變化,形副注意用三級(jí); 要填數(shù)詞請(qǐng)留意,千萬(wàn)莫忘基和序; 填入代詞需謹(jǐn)慎,五格變化需謹(jǐn)記。,解題技巧,解題技巧,二、明大意,詞匯初選定。 注意根據(jù)固定搭配、習(xí)慣用法及句子大意,初步選定能銜接前后文的詞匯。 61.Wang Ping
7、 is a cleaner. He has 61. in a park for 5 years. (王平是個(gè)清潔工,他在公園里工作五年了。選work) 62.Nothing can make him 62. than playing with his little daughter in his free time.(沒有什么能比在空閑時(shí)間和他的小女兒玩更讓他開心。選happy) 63.while he was 63. the park, suddenly, he heard a woman crying for help. (當(dāng)他正在打掃公園時(shí),他突然聽到一個(gè)婦女在呼救。選
8、clean) 64.He ran up 64. to see what happened.(他迅速地跑過去看發(fā)生了什么事。選quick),解題技巧,65. her face 65. purple. (她的臉變成了紫色。選turn) 66.He took the baby in his 66. without thinking twice.(他毫不猶豫地把孩子抱在懷里。選arm) 67.Her mom was so thankful because her daughter was 67. .(她的媽媽非常感激,因?yàn)樗呐畠罕痪攘?。選save) 68.Wang Ping tr
9、ied his best and saved the 68. life.(王平盡自己最大的努力挽救了嬰兒的生命。選baby) 69.In his mind, helping others is just helping 69. .(在他看來(lái),幫助別人就是幫助他自己。選he) 70. He hoped more people could 70. to help the people in need if possible.(他希望更多的人盡可能自愿去幫助需要幫助的人。選volunteer),解題技巧,三、析成分,填正確詞形。 根據(jù)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),通過分析所缺成分,判斷所需詞性,結(jié)
10、合上下文意思,選定正確詞形,填入空白。 61.空前有助動(dòng)詞has,空后有for 5 years,空白處是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故填worked。 62.空白處在句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),空后有than,空白處應(yīng)用形容詞比較級(jí),故填happier。 63.空前有助動(dòng)詞was,空后有名詞park作賓語(yǔ),故空白處應(yīng)填cleaning,構(gòu)成過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 64.分析句子,空白處缺狀語(yǔ)修飾ran up,故填quickly。,解題技巧,65.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),空前是名詞作主語(yǔ),空后purple(紫色的)作表語(yǔ),缺系動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)選turn,根據(jù)上下文時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí),故填turned。 66.這里考查固定短語(yǔ)take sb in ones arms(把某人抱在某人的懷里)。故填arms。 67.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空白處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,孩子是被救的對(duì)象,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),故填saved。 68.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),life前缺定語(yǔ),故填babys。 69.分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),help后缺賓語(yǔ),根據(jù)句意應(yīng)填himself。 70.could后應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞原形,結(jié)合句意,填volunteer。 四、復(fù)讀全文核答案,確保無(wú)誤。 復(fù)讀全文,確保語(yǔ)意恰當(dāng)、邏輯連貫,單詞拼寫正確、大小寫正確。,解題技巧,