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1、考點(diǎn)06 函數(shù)的奇偶性與周期性1下列函數(shù)為奇函數(shù)的是()Af(x)Bf(x)exCf(x)cos x Df(x)exex【答案】D【解析】對(duì)于A,定義域不關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱,故不是;對(duì)于B, f(x)exf(x),故不是;對(duì)于C,f(x)cos(x)cos xf(x),故不是;對(duì)于D,f(x)exex(exex)f(x),是奇函數(shù),故選D.2設(shè)函數(shù)f(x)xsin x(xR),則下列說法錯(cuò)誤的是()Af(x)是奇函數(shù)Bf(x)在R上單調(diào)遞增 Cf(x)的值域?yàn)镽 Df(x)是周期函數(shù)【答案】D【解析】因?yàn)閒(x)xsin(x)(xsin x)f(x),所以f(x)為奇函數(shù),故A正確;因?yàn)閒 (x)1
2、cos x0,所以函數(shù)f(x)在R上單調(diào)遞增,故B正確;f(x)的值域?yàn)镽,故C正確;f(x)不是周期函數(shù),故D錯(cuò)誤3對(duì)于函數(shù)f(x)asin xbx3cx1(a,b,cR),選取a,b,c的一組值計(jì)算f(1),f(1),所得出的正確結(jié)果可能是()A2和1 B2和0C2和1 D2和2【答案】B【解析】設(shè)g(x)asin xbx3cx,顯然g(x)為定義域上的奇函數(shù),所以g(1)g(1)0,所以f(1)f(1)g(1)g(1)22,只有B選項(xiàng)中兩個(gè)值的和為2.4已知函數(shù)f(x)ax2bx是定義在a1,2a上的偶函數(shù),那么ab的值是()ABCD【答案】B【解析】f(x)是偶函數(shù),f(x)f(x),
3、b0.又a12a,a,ab.故選B.5已知yf(x)是偶函數(shù),且當(dāng)0x1時(shí),f(x)sin x,而yf(x1)是奇函數(shù),則af(3.5),bf(7),cf(12)的大小關(guān)系是()Acba BcabCacb Dabc【答案】B【解析】因?yàn)閥f(x)是偶函數(shù),所以f(x)f(x),因?yàn)閥f(x1)是奇函數(shù),所以f(x)f(2x),所以f(x)f(2x),即f(x)f(x4)所以函數(shù)f(x)的周期為4,又因?yàn)楫?dāng)0x1時(shí),f(x)sin x,所以函數(shù)在0,1上單調(diào)遞增,因?yàn)閍f(3.5)f(3.54)f(0.5);bf(7)f(78)f(1)f(1),cf(12)f(1212)f(0),又因?yàn)閒(x)
4、在0,1上為增函數(shù),所以f(0)f(0.5)f(1),即cab.6已知函數(shù)f(x)在R上是奇函數(shù),且滿足f(x4)f(x),當(dāng)x(2,0)時(shí),f(x)2x2,則f(2 019)()A2B2C98D98【答案】B【解析】由f(x4)f(x)知,函數(shù)f(x)的周期為4,則f(2 019)f(50443)f(3),又f(3)f(1),且f(1)2,f(2 019)2.7已知f(x)是定義在R上的奇函數(shù),當(dāng)x0時(shí),f(x)x22x,若f(2a2)f(a),則實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍是()A(,1)(2,) B(1,2)C(2,1) D(,2)(1,)【答案】C【解析】f(x)是奇函數(shù),當(dāng)x0時(shí),x0,f(x)
5、(x)22x,f(x)x22x,f(x)x22x.作出函數(shù)f(x)的大致圖象如圖中實(shí)線所示,結(jié)合圖象可知f(x)是R上的增函數(shù),由f(2a2)f(a),得2a2a,解得2a1.8設(shè)e是自然對(duì)數(shù)的底數(shù),函數(shù)f(x)是周期為4的奇函數(shù),且當(dāng)0x0的解集為(,2)(0,2)故選C.11已知函數(shù)f(x)若af(a)f(a)0,則實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍是()A(1,)B(2,)C(,1)(1,)D(,2)(2,)【答案】B【解析】由題意,偶函數(shù)f(x)在0,)上是減函數(shù),即不等式f(a)f(x)對(duì)任意x1,2恒成立,即不等式f(|a|)f(|x|)對(duì)任意x1,2恒成立,所以|a|x|對(duì)任意x1,2恒成立,所以
6、|a|1,則1a1.故選B.12已知函數(shù)f(x)對(duì)任意xR,都有f(x6)f(x)0,yf(x1)的圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)(1,0)對(duì)稱,且f(2)4,則f(2 014)()A0 B4C8 D16【答案】B【解析】由題意可知,函數(shù)f(x)對(duì)任意xR,都有f(x6)f(x),f(x12)f (x6)6f(x6)f(x),函數(shù)f(x)的周期T12.把yf(x1)的圖象向左平移1個(gè)單位得yf(x11)f(x)的圖象,關(guān)于點(diǎn)(0,0)對(duì)稱,因此函數(shù)f(x)為奇函數(shù),f(2 014)f(1671210)f(10)f(1012)f(2)f(2)4.故選B.13已知定義在R上的函數(shù)f(x)滿足f(x3)f(x),在區(qū)間
7、上是增函數(shù),且函數(shù)yf(x3)為奇函數(shù),則()Af(31)f(84)f(13)Bf(84)f(13)f(31)Cf(13)f(84)f(31)Df(31)f(13)f(84)【答案】A.【解析】根據(jù)題意,函數(shù)f(x)滿足f(x3)f(x),則有f(x6)f(x3)f(x),則函數(shù)f(x)為周期為6的周期函數(shù)若函數(shù)yf(x3)為奇函數(shù),則f(x)的圖象關(guān)于點(diǎn)(3,0)成中心對(duì)稱,則有f(x)f(6x),又由函數(shù)的周期為6,則有f(x)f(x),函數(shù)f(x)為奇函數(shù)又由函數(shù)在區(qū)間上是增函數(shù),則函數(shù)f(x)在上為增函數(shù),f(84)f(1460)f(0),f(31)f(156)f(1),f(13)f(
8、126)f(1),則有f(1)f(0)f(1),即f(31)f(84)f(13),故選A.14已知函數(shù)f(x)是定義在R上的周期為2的奇函數(shù),且當(dāng)0x1時(shí),f(x)9x,則ff(2)_.【答案】3【解析】函數(shù)f(x)是定義在R上的周期為2的奇函數(shù),ffff.又當(dāng)0x0時(shí), f(x)1,則當(dāng)x0時(shí), f(x)1,當(dāng)x0,有 f(x)f(x)(1),即x0時(shí), f(x)(1)1.18已知函數(shù)f(x)是定義在R上的奇函數(shù),當(dāng)x0時(shí),f(x)x22x.若f(2a2)f(a),則實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍是_【答案】(2,1) 【解析】f(x)是奇函數(shù),當(dāng)x0時(shí), f(x)x22x.做出函數(shù)f(x)的大致圖象如圖
9、所示,結(jié)合圖象可知f(x)是R上的增函數(shù)由f(2a2)f(a),得2a2a,解得2a1.19已知函數(shù)f(x)是奇函數(shù)(1)求實(shí)數(shù)m的值;(2)若函數(shù)f(x)在區(qū)間1,a2上單調(diào)遞增,求實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍【答案】【解析】(1)設(shè)x0,所以f(x)(x)22(x)x22x.又f(x)為奇函數(shù),所以f(x)f(x),于是x0時(shí), f(x)x22xx2mx,所以m2.(2)要使f(x)在1,a2上單調(diào)遞增,結(jié)合f(x)的圖象(如圖所示)知所以1a3,故實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍是(1,320已知函數(shù)f(x)的定義域?yàn)镈x|x0,且滿足對(duì)任意x1,x2D,有f(x1x2)f(x1)f(x2)(1)求f(1)的值;(
10、2)判斷f(x)的奇偶性并證明你的結(jié)論;(3)如果f(4)1,f(x1)2, 且f(x)在(0,)上是增函數(shù),求x的取值范圍【答案】(1) 0 (2) f(x)為偶函數(shù) (3) (15,1)(1,17)【解析】(1)對(duì)于任意x1,x2D,有f(x1x2)f(x1)f(x2),令x1x21,得f(1)2f(1),f(1)0.(2)f(x)為偶函數(shù)證明:令x1x21,有f(1)f(1)f(1),f(1)f(1)0.令x11,x2x,有f(x)f(1)f(x),f(x)f(x),f(x)為偶函數(shù)(3)依題意有f(44)f(4)f(4)2,又由(2)知, f(x)是偶函數(shù),f(x1)2f(|x1|)f
11、(16)f(x)在(0,)上是增函數(shù),0|x1|16,解得15x17且x1.x的取值范圍是(15,1)(1,17)21定義在R上的函數(shù)f(x)滿足f(xy)f(x)f(y),f(x2)f(x)且f(x)在1,0上是增函數(shù),給出下列幾個(gè)命題:f(x)是周期函數(shù);f(x)的圖象關(guān)于x1對(duì)稱;f(x)在1,2上是減函數(shù);f(2)f(0),其中正確命題的序號(hào)是_(請(qǐng)把正確命題的序號(hào)全部寫出來)【答案】【解析】f(xy)f(x)f(y)對(duì)任意x,yR恒成立令xy0,所以f(0)0.令xy0,所以yx,所以f(0)f(x)f(x)所以f(x)f(x),所以f(x)為奇函數(shù)因?yàn)閒(x)在x1,0上為增函數(shù),又f(x)為奇函數(shù),所以f(x)在0,1上為增函數(shù)由f(x2)f(x)f(x4)f(x2)f(x),所以周期T4,即f(x)為周期函數(shù)f(x2)f(x)f(x2)f(x)又因?yàn)閒(x)為奇函數(shù),所以f(2x)f(x),所以函數(shù)關(guān)于x1對(duì)稱由f(x)在0,1上為增函數(shù),又關(guān)于x1對(duì)稱,所以f(x)在1,2上為減函數(shù)由f(x2)f(x),令x0得f(2)f(0)f(0)7