中學英語五種重點時態(tài)講解與練習.doc

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1、五種重點時態(tài)語法及練習1一般現(xiàn)一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹 一般現(xiàn)在時的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍色的。2.表示經常性或習慣性的動作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉。一般現(xiàn)在時的構成1. be動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個男孩。2.行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學習英語。當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(h

2、e, she,it)時，要在動詞后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時的變化1. be動詞的變化。否定句：主語+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be +主語+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike? 2.行為動詞的變化。否定句：主語+ dont( doesnt ) +動詞原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread. 當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用d

3、oesnt構成否定句。如：He doesnt often play. 一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語+動詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構成一般疑問句。如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How does your father go to work? 一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練: 一、用括號內動詞的適當形式填空。 1. H

4、e often _(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One. 3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays? 7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _(teach) us English on

5、 Sundays. 9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There _(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _(like) cooking. 12. They _(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _(do) your homework well. 15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed. 16. She _(go)

6、to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term. 20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday. 二、按照要求改寫句子。 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句) _ 2. I do my homework every day.(改

7、為一般疑問句，作否定回答) _ 3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答) _ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答) _ 5. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句) _ 6. He speaks English very well.(改為否定句) _ 語法及練習2 現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時 1現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當前一段時間內的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。 2現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句基本結構為be+動詞ing.3現(xiàn)在進行時的否定句在be后加not。

8、4現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調到句首。 5現(xiàn)在進行時的特殊疑問的基本結構為：疑問詞不達意 + be + 主語 + 動詞ing? 但疑問詞當主語時其結構為： 疑問詞不達意 + be + 動詞ing? 動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則 1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking 2以不發(fā)音的e結尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting 3如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping 現(xiàn)在進行時專項練習：一、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞： play_ run_ swim _ mak

9、e_ write_ see_ buy _ get_sit _ begin_ 二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空： 1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. Look . They _( have) an English lesson . 5.They _(not ,water) the flowers now. 6.Look! the girls _(dance )in the cl

10、assroom . 7._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 語法及練習3 將來時將來時一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本結構：be going to + do； will+ do. 三、否定句：在be動詞（am, is, are）l后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this a

11、fternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑問句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? 五、對劃線部分提問：一般情況，一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況。 1. 問人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon

12、. 2. 問干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon. 3. 問什么時候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed? 六、同義句：be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming

13、tomorrow. 用所給詞的適當形式填空。 1. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon. 2. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week. 3. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to school by bike. 4 What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunda

14、y? I _ (milk) cows. 5. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow. 618. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday. 7. I _ (plan) for my study now.語法及練習4 一般過去時一般過去時 1一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經?；蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作感謝。 2Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化： am 和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。（was not=wasnt） are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣e

15、re。（were not=werent） 帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調到句首。 3句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子 否定句：didnt +動詞原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday? 疑問詞當主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式？如：Who wen

16、t to home yesterday? 動詞過去式變化規(guī)則： 1一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2結尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted 3末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4以“輔音字母+y”結尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied 5不規(guī)則動詞過去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-ha

17、d, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat 過去時練習：寫出下列動詞的過去式 isam_ fly_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ kick_ pass_ do _ Be動詞的過去時練習一、用be動詞的適當形式填空。 1. I _ an English t

18、eacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday. 3. They _ glad to see each other last month. 4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends. 5. The little dog _ two years old this year. 6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here. 7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of Jun

19、e. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited. 二、句型轉換。 1. There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 三、 中譯英。 1我的故事書剛才還在手表旁邊。 _ 2他們的外套上個禮拜放在臥室里了。 _ 3一會以前花園里有兩只小鳥。 _ 行為動詞的過去時練習 一、用be動詞的適當形式填空。 1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper

20、 last night. 3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go) 4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _. 6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _. 8. What _ she _ (find) in

21、 the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly. 二、句型轉換。 1. They played football in the playground. 否定句：_ 一般疑問句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 語法時態(tài)5：過去進行時：過去進行時一般進行完成過去 didWas/were doing 現(xiàn)在 doAm/is/are doing Have/has done將來will/be going 1.定義：過去進行時表示過去某一時刻或者某一時間內正在進行或者持續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)。2.結構：肯定：was/weredoing 否定：was/w

22、ere notdoing 疑問句：was/were主語doing3.表示過去時間點的短語和結構A.at時間點 at that time/at this timeB.when引導的時間狀語從句When短暫性動詞（did）4.表示過去時間段的短語和結構：C.不算太長的時間段：last night 昨晚 yeaterday 昨天 Fromto 從到（時候）In the last few hours/minutes/daysD.用when/while引導，動詞時延續(xù)性的，時態(tài)也用進行時When/while延續(xù)性動詞/was/weredoing5.while還可以表示“然而”，進行對比6.whileam

23、/is are doing 常規(guī)時間點/段，現(xiàn)在某個時間點/段選擇合適的答案：( ) 1. What _ your grandfather _ this time yesterday ?A. is . doing B. was . doing C. did . do D. had . done( ) 2. _ you _ a meeting at four yesterday afternoon ?A. Were . having B. Was . having C. Did . have D. Do . have（ ）3. I called you yesterday evening ,bu

24、t there was no answer.- Oh, I am sorry I _ dinner at my friends home.Ahave Bhad Cwas havingDhave had( ) 4. A: Did you notice him come in?No. I _ a football game.A. have watched B. had watched C. am watching D. was watching( ) 5. You must tell us what you _ at ten yesterday evening .A. did B. was doi

25、ng C. were done D. were doing( ) 6. I _ an old friend of mine when I _ in the street yesterday afternoon.A. met. was walking B. was meeting . walkedC. was meeting . was walking D. met . walked( ) 7. One day when I _ the post office, I _ my uncle.A. pass. say B. was passing . saw( ) 8.She_ apples in

26、her garden when I_ to see her yesterday.A. picked，went B. was picking， wentC. picked，was going D. was picking，was going( ) 9. She _ the room when I went to see her .A. doesnt clean B. isnt cleaning C. didnt cleaning D. wasnt cleaning( ) 10. The Reads _ lunch when I got to their house.A . were having B. was having C. are having D. is having