四川省丹棱縣2020高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練（2）

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1、四川省丹棱縣2020高考英語(yǔ)二輪閱讀理解基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練【2】 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 The tourist trade is booming. With all this coming and going, you’d expect greater understanding to develop between the nations of the world. Not a bit of it! Superb systems of communication by air, sea and land make it possible for us to

2、visit each other’s countries at a moderate cost. What was once the ‘grand tour’, reserved for only the very rich, is now within everybody’s grasp? The package tour and chartered flights are not to be sneered at. Modern travelers enjoy a level of comfort which the lords and ladies on grand tours in t

3、he old days couldn’t have dreamed of. But what’s the sense of this mass exchange of populations if the nations of the world remain basically ignorant of each other? ? ? ?Many tourist organizations are directly responsible for this state of affairs. They deliberately set out to protect their clients

4、 from too much contact with the local population. The modern tourist leads a cosseted, sheltered life. He lives at international hotels, where he eats his international food and sips his international drink while he gazes at the natives from a distance. Conducted tours to places of interest are care

5、fully censored. The tourist is allowed to see only what the organizers want him to see and no more. A strict schedule makes it impossible for the tourist to wander off on his own; and anyway, language is always a barrier, so he is only too happy to be protected in this way. At its very worst, this l

6、eads to a new and hideous kind of colonization. The summer quarters of the inhabitants of the cite universitaire: are temporarily reestablished on the island of Corfu. Blackpool is recreated at Torremolinos where the traveler goes not to eat paella, but fish and chips. ? ? ?The sad thing about this

7、 situation is that it leads to the persistence of national stereotypes. We don’t see the people of other nations as they really are, but as we have been brought up to believe they are. You can test this for yourself. Take five nationalities, say, French, German, English, American and Italian. Now in

8、 your mind, match them with these five adjectives: musical, amorous, cold, pedantic, native. Far from providing us with any insight into the national characteristics of the peoples just mentioned, these adjectives actually act as barriers. So when you set out on your travels, the only characteristic

9、s you notice are those which confirm your preconceptions. You come away with the highly unoriginal and inaccurate impression that, say, ‘Anglo-Saxons are hypocrites’ of that ‘Latin peoples shout a lot’. You only have to make a few foreign friends to understand how absurd and harmful national stereot

10、ypes are. But how can you make foreign friends when the tourist trade does its best to prevent you? ? ? ?Carried to an extreme, stereotypes can be positively dangerous. Wild generalizations stir up racial hatred and blind us to the basic fact—how trite it sounds! – That all people are human. We are

11、 all similar to each other and at the same time all unique. 1.The best title for this passage is [A] tourism contributes nothing to increasing understanding between nations. Tourism is tiresome. [C] Conducted tour is dull. [D] tourism really does something to one’s country. 2.What is the au

12、thor’s attitude toward tourism? [A] apprehensive. negative. [C] critical. [D] appreciative. 3.Which word in the following is the best to summarize Latin people shout a lot? [A] silent. noisy. [C] lively. [D] active. 4.The purpose of the author’s criticism is to point out [A] conducted tou

13、r is disappointing. the way of touring should be changed. [C] when traveling, you notice characteristics which confirm preconception. [D] national stereotypes should be changed. 5.What is ‘grand tour’ now?[A] moderate cost. local sight-seeing is investigated by the tourist organization. [C] pe

14、ople enjoy the first-rate comforts. [D] everybody can enjoy the ‘grand tour’. Vocabulary 1.superb ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?卓越的，杰出的，第一流的 2.moderate ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?中庸的，中等的，適度的 3.grand tour ? ? ? ? ? ?大旅行，指舊時(shí)英國(guó)富家子弟教育中， ? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?到歐洲大陸觀光的旅行，為學(xué)業(yè)必經(jīng)階段。 4.package tour ? ? ? ? ? ?由旅行

15、社代辦而費(fèi)用與路線、 ? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?日程固定的假日旅游。也可用package holiday。 5.chartered flight ? ? ? ? ? ?包機(jī)航班 6.set out to do sth. = begin a job with a particular aim開(kāi)始做某事， ? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?決心/打算做…… 7.cosset ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?寵愛(ài)，溺愛(ài)，縱容 8.conducted tour = guid

16、ed tour ? ? ?有人指導(dǎo)/引到下的參觀，有導(dǎo)游的旅游 ? ? ? ? ? ? 9.censor ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?檢查 10.wander off ? ? ? ? ? ?離開(kāi)原處/正道，離群，漫步，漫游 11.quarters ? ? ? ? ? ?住處，營(yíng) 12.paella ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?西班牙什錦飯 13.chip ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?炸馬鈴薯?xiàng)l（土豆條） 14.amorous ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?多情的，色情的 15.pedantic ? ? ? ? ? ?學(xué)究式的，賣(mài)弄學(xué)問(wèn)的 16.genera

17、lization ? ? ? ? ? ?歸納，概括 17.stir up ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?惹起，煽動(dòng)，挑起 18.trite ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?陳腐的，老一套的 難句譯注 1.What was once the ‘grand tour’, reserved for only the very rich, is now within everybody’s grasp. 【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】within sb.’s grasp.某人理解/了解，為某人所能抓到的。 【參考譯文】一度只有最富有者專享的“大旅行”現(xiàn)在人人都可獲得。 2.The package

18、 tour and chartered flights are not to be sneered at. 【參考譯文】旅行社包辦的旅游，包機(jī)航班決不會(huì)遭人恥笑。 3.They deliberately set out to protect their clients from too much contact with the local population. 【參考譯文】旅行社有意使他們的谷底和當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裆俳佑|。 4.The modern tourist heads a cosseted sheltered life. 【參考譯文】現(xiàn)代旅行者過(guò)的使愛(ài)護(hù)有加與世隔絕的生活。 5.

19、Conducted tours to places of interest are carefully censored. 【參考譯文】有人指導(dǎo)下參觀一些靜電收到組織者――旅行社仔細(xì)的檢查核準(zhǔn)。 6.A strict schedule makes it impossible for the tourist to wander off on his own; and anyway, language is always barrier, so he is only too happy to be protected in this way. 【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】only too + 形容詞/分詞

20、= very非常。 【參考譯文】嚴(yán)格致密的計(jì)劃值得旅行者不可能自己一個(gè)人到處閑逛；再說(shuō)，至少語(yǔ)言總是個(gè)障礙，所以他對(duì)這樣保護(hù)非常高興。 7.At its very worst, this leads to a new and hideous kind of colonization. 【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】at one’s worst 在情況最壞的時(shí)候。 【參考譯文】最糟的時(shí)候，這種保護(hù)會(huì)導(dǎo)致形成一種新型而又可怕的殖民現(xiàn)象。 8.Carried to an extreme, stereotypes can be positively dangerous. 【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】carried to a

21、n extreme (to an excess )如果做得過(guò)分。 【參考譯文】如果走向極端，模式化的想法會(huì)非常危險(xiǎn)。 9.Wild generalizations stir up racial hatred and blind us to the basic fact. 【參考譯文】野蠻（亂七八糟）的概括/歸納會(huì)激起種族仇恨，使我們對(duì)這基本事實(shí)視而不見(jiàn)。 寫(xiě)作方法與文章大意 文章主要采用因果寫(xiě)法。雖然旅游業(yè)發(fā)展，人們可享受以前只有最富有者享受的大旅游，但由于旅行社種種限制/呵護(hù)及其它，使旅游者難以和當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窠佑|。陳舊的固定的想――對(duì)民族的模式化想法，只有通過(guò)接觸才能接觸模式。而旅

22、行社的種種都使人相互難以理解。 答案詳解 1.A 旅游對(duì)增進(jìn)民族了解毫無(wú)建樹(shù)。第二段開(kāi)始點(diǎn)出，許多旅游組織直接負(fù)責(zé)旅游事宜，他們有意識(shí)不讓旅游者接觸當(dāng)?shù)鼐用?，讓他們過(guò)著一種關(guān)懷備至又與世隔絕的生活。住的是國(guó)際飯店，吃的是國(guó)際食品，喝的是國(guó)際飲料，在原處觀看當(dāng)?shù)鼐用?。?yán)格有序的計(jì)劃使旅游者難以自己一人閑逛，語(yǔ)言的障礙，又使他們樂(lè)意接受保護(hù)。第三段涉及堅(jiān)持民族模式化――老一套的想法，所以一開(kāi)始旅游，你見(jiàn)到的民族特性就只是證實(shí)了你自己設(shè)想的基本事實(shí)――所有人民都是人類。只有交朋友才能知道民族模式是多么荒謬、有害，可是旅行社竭力制止，你又怎么能交上外國(guó)朋友呢？這一切說(shuō)明A項(xiàng)對(duì)。 B.旅游很累

23、。C.導(dǎo)游觀光很單調(diào)乏味。D.旅游確實(shí)對(duì)國(guó)家有貢獻(xiàn)。 2.C 批評(píng)。 3.B 吵吵鬧鬧的。 4.B 旅游的方式應(yīng)改變。整篇文章（除第一段外）都環(huán)繞旅游方式不理想來(lái)進(jìn)行批評(píng)。第二段集中在導(dǎo)游觀光使旅游者難以和當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣窠佑|。第三段，見(jiàn)到的只是證實(shí)了旅游者本人事先形成的思想/先入之見(jiàn)，旅游根本達(dá)不到了解對(duì)方的目的。第四段講了民族固定模式（先入之見(jiàn)的模式）的可怕后果。要使人懂得所有的人們都是人類，彼此相似，又各具特點(diǎn)，就得改變旅游的方式。 A.導(dǎo)游觀光令人失望。C.旅游時(shí)，你見(jiàn)到的 特性證實(shí)了你的先入之見(jiàn)。D.民族模式應(yīng)當(dāng)改變。這三條都是批評(píng)的具體內(nèi)容。 5.D 人人都能享受大旅游。大旅行是

24、專指英國(guó)富家子弟上學(xué)中的一門(mén)課程－到歐洲大陸觀光。不是人人都能享受。這里用grand tour表示人人都能享受類似grand tour的一切，甚至超過(guò)，如第一段指出：現(xiàn)代旅游者享受的舒適設(shè)施，達(dá)到了大旅行中老爺、小姐們做夢(mèng)都沒(méi)有想到的水平。海陸空高級(jí)交流聯(lián)絡(luò)通訊系統(tǒng)，使人們有可能錢(qián)花得不多就能訪問(wèn)、觀光別的國(guó)家。所以說(shuō)，曾是有錢(qián)人專享的大旅行，普通人也能領(lǐng)略?！癵rand tour”有引號(hào)，表明作為比喻。 A.費(fèi)用不高。文內(nèi)是費(fèi)用合適、中等、恰當(dāng)。B.當(dāng)?shù)赜^光受組織審查。C.人們喜歡一流舒適設(shè)施。 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將

25、該項(xiàng)涂黑。 【山東省泰安市2020第一輪質(zhì)檢試題】A Nelson Mandela was a figure of international fame，and many details of his life and career were public knowledge．But here are some things you may not have known about him． In his youth，Mandela enjoyed boxing．Even during the 27 years he spent in prison，he would exercise e

26、very morning．“I did not enjoy the violence of boxing so much as the science of it．Boxing is equal．I never did any real fighting after I entered politics．My main interest was in training，”he wrote in his autobiography Long Walk to Freedom． Among the memorabilia in the Mandela Family Museum in Soweto

27、，visitors call find the world championship belt given to Mandela by American boxer Sugar Ray Leonard. Rolihlahla Mandela was nine years old when a teacher at the primary Methodist school where he was studying,gave him an English name—Nelson—in accordance with the custom to give all school children

28、 Christian names． Rolihlahla is not a common name in South Africa．It means“troublemaker”．His circumcision name was Dalibunga，meaning“founder of the Bunga”． However,in South Africa,Mr Mandela was often called by his clan(宗族)name—Madiba—which South Africans used out of respect． After going undergro

29、und because of his ANC activities，Mr Mandela’s ability to evade(躲避)the securities services earned him the nickname“the black Pimpernel”，after the novel The Scarlet Pimpernel，about a hero with a secret identity． A fake(偽造的)passport in the name of David Motsamayi was used by Mr Mandela.He had disguis

30、ed himself as a driver，a gardener and a chef in order to travel around the country unnoticed by the authorities． Mr Mandela studied law on and off for 50 years from 1939，failing about half the courseshe took．In August 1952，he and Oliver Tambo established South Africa’s first black law firm，Mandela

31、and Tambo，in Johannesburg．He persevered to finally secure a law degree while in prison in 1989． 41．Why did Nelson Mandela become a boxing fan? A．He enjoyed the violence of boxing． B．He wanted to take the championship． C．He desired to enjoy the training． D．He hoped to find a better job．

32、 42．Which of the following is true of Mandela’s name? A．His original name was not Nelson． B．His parents gave him the name—Nelson． C．Rolihlahla is a popular name in South Africa． D．Madiba was his Christian name． 43．What made people call Mr Mandela“the black Pimpernel”? A．His ability to escape f

33、rom being caught． B．His underground activities in ANC． C．His pressure given by the authorities． D．The novel’s hero with a secret identity． 44．Mr Mandela made a fake passport to_____． A．travel around the country B．escape from the authorities C．disguise himself as an actor D．go abroad easily

34、 45．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．It took Mr Mandela over fifty years to get a law degree． B．Mr Mandela set up South Africa’s first law firm． C．Mr Mandela got his law degree after being released from prison． D．Mr Mandela was a determined person． 【參考答案】41-0-45、CAABD 【山東省泰安市2

35、020第一輪質(zhì)檢試題】B Traffic problems are an everyday concern in many cities，including Washington，DC．A growing number of Washingtonians are turning to bicycles to get to and from work．In fact，the number of commuters who use bicycles has doubled in the city since 2020． Ralph Buehler teaches urban planning

36、at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University，popularly known as Virginia Tech．He has written a book about urban biking，called“City Cycling．”He says there is a reason why urban bike tiding is now becoming more popular． “Over the last 60 to 70 years．cities in the U．S．have been adapted t

37、o the automobile．” “Most cities took advantage of the money coming for the interstate highway system，from the federal government，starting in 1956．There was a 90 percent federal match(補(bǔ)貼)so the cities only had to put up 10％．It was very tempting．” In the years after World War Two，many Americans move

38、d to suburban communities，just outside major cities，They decided to travel great distances to and from work in exchange for a home in the suburbs．Their cars became a symbol of freedom． But today，many people believe they can save money by living in the city． Greg Billing is with the Washington Area

39、 Bicyclist Association．“When a person makes a change from 04 using a car to using a bike，they are saving anywhere between 8 or＄9，000 a year．” Ralph Buehler says governments save money when people use bicycles．“Building bicycling facilities is much cheaper than building and maintaining road faciliti

40、es or public transport．” Washington，DC has also taken steps to protect bike riders．It approved a safe passing law and created areas on the road between cars and bikes． The United States Census Bureau says 4％of the city’s workers ride to work by bike．The only city on the East Coast with more bike c

41、ommuters is New York． 46．What’s the best title of the text? A．Traffic problems are an everyday concern in many cities B．Bicycling to work in Washington，DC grows in popularity C．Bikes result in new problems in Washington，DC D．Washington，DC has taken steps to protect bike riders 47．What can we k

42、now from Ralph Buehler’s statement? A．The federal govemment supported building public transport． B．Government invested a lot to build bicycling facilities． C．Cities didn’t use the money from the government wisely． D．Urban biking has been popular in the last 60 to 70 years． 48．In the years after

43、 World War Two，many Americans prefer to_____． A．1ive in the city B．1ive in the suburbs C．travel great distances D．rent houses 49．What do Ralph Buehler and Greg Billing agree with? A．Money can be saved when people use bicycles． B．Living in the city is much cheaper than in the country． C．Gov

44、ernment should build more bicycling facilities． D．Road facilities and public transport develop rapidly now． 50．What can we infer from the text? A．Traffic problems are the most severe in Washington，DC． B．4％of Washingtonians ride to work by bike in Washington，DC． C．Washington，DC concerns about the safety of bike riders． D. Mnre cities on the East Coast have bike commuters． 【參考答案】46—50、BABAC