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1、課時(shí)作業(yè)(三十)數(shù)列的概念及簡(jiǎn)單表示法一、選擇題1數(shù)列,中,有序?qū)崝?shù)對(duì)(a,b)可以是()A(21,5)B(16,1)C.D答案:D解析:由數(shù)列中的項(xiàng)可觀察規(guī)律,得5310817(ab)(ab)242,則解得故應(yīng)選D.2(2020山西長(zhǎng)治4月)已知數(shù)列an滿(mǎn)足a11,an1則其前6項(xiàng)之和為()A16B20C33D120答案:C解析:a22a12,a3a213,a42a36,a5a417,a62a514,所以前6項(xiàng)和S6123671433,故應(yīng)C.3數(shù)列an滿(mǎn)足an1若a1,則a2 015等于()A.BCD答案:B解析: a1, a3,a4,a5, 數(shù)列具有周期性,且周期為4, a2 015a3
2、,故應(yīng)選C.4(2020北京東城一模)已知函數(shù)f(n)n2cos n,且anf(n)f(n1),則a1a2a3a100()A0B100C100D10 200答案:B解析:f(n)n2cos n(1)nn2,由anf(n)f(n1)(1)nn2(1)n1(n1)2(1)nn2(n1)2(1)n1(2n1),得a1a2a3a1003(5)7(9)199(201)50(2)100.故應(yīng)B.5已知數(shù)列an的前n項(xiàng)和Snn2an(n2),而a11,通過(guò)計(jì)算a2,a3,a4,猜想an等于()A.BC.D答案:B解析:S222a2,1a24a2,a2.S332a3,1a39a3,a3.S442a4,1a41
3、6a4,a4.可見(jiàn)a1,a2,a3,a4,由此猜想an.實(shí)際上,此題用a11代入各選項(xiàng)驗(yàn)證最簡(jiǎn)單故應(yīng)選B.6數(shù)列an的通項(xiàng)公式為anan2n,若滿(mǎn)足a1a2a3a4an1對(duì)n8恒成立,則實(shí)數(shù)a的取值范圍是()A.BC.D答案:D解析:可以把a(bǔ)n看成是關(guān)于n的二次函數(shù),根據(jù)其對(duì)稱(chēng)軸為n,易知對(duì)稱(chēng)軸應(yīng)滿(mǎn)足,解得a.故應(yīng)選D.二、填空題7已知數(shù)列an中,a1,an11(n2),則a16_.答案:解析:由題意知,a211,a312,a41,此數(shù)列是以3為周期的周期數(shù)列,a16a351a1.8已知數(shù)列an滿(mǎn)足a11,a22,且an(n3),則a2 013_.答案:2解析:將a11,a22代入an,得a3
4、2,同理可得a41,a5,a6,a71,a82,故數(shù)列an是周期數(shù)列,周期為6,故a2 013a33563a32.9已知an的前n項(xiàng)和為Sn,且滿(mǎn)足log2(Sn1)n1,則an_.答案:解析:由已知條件,可得Sn12n1.則Sn2n11,當(dāng)n1時(shí),a1S13,當(dāng)n2時(shí),anSnSn12n112n12n,n1時(shí)不適合上式,故an10對(duì)于正項(xiàng)數(shù)列an,定義Hn為an的“光陰”值,現(xiàn)知某數(shù)列的“光陰”值為Hn,則數(shù)列an的通項(xiàng)公式為_(kāi)答案:an,nN*解析:由Hn,可得a12a23a3nan,當(dāng)n2時(shí),a12a23a3(n1)an1,得nan,所以an.又n1時(shí),由可得a1,也適合上式,所以數(shù)列a
5、n的通項(xiàng)公式為an,nN*.三、解答題11已知數(shù)列an中,a11,前n項(xiàng)和Snan.(1)求a2,a3;(2)求數(shù)列an的通項(xiàng)公式解:(1)Snan,且a11,S2a2,即a1a2a2,得a23.由S3a3,得3(a1a2a3)5a3,得a36.(2)由題設(shè)知a11.當(dāng)n2時(shí),有anSnSn1anan1,整理,得anan1,即,于是3,以上n1個(gè)式子的兩端分別相乘,得,an,n2.又a11適合上式,故an,nN*.12已知數(shù)列an滿(mǎn)足前n項(xiàng)和Snn21,數(shù)列bn滿(mǎn)足bn,且前n項(xiàng)和為T(mén)n,設(shè)cnT2n1Tn.(1)求數(shù)列bn的通項(xiàng)公式;(2)判斷數(shù)列cn的增減性解:(1)a12,anSnSn1
6、2n1(n2) bn(2) cnbn1bn2b2n1, cn1cn0, cn是遞減數(shù)列13在數(shù)列an,bn中,a12,an1an6n2,點(diǎn)在yx3mx的圖象上,bn的最小項(xiàng)為b3.(1)求數(shù)列an的通項(xiàng)公式;(2)求m的取值范圍解:(1)an1an6n2,當(dāng)n2時(shí),anan16n4.an(anan1)(an1an2)(a2a1)a1(6n4)(6n10)8223n23n2n223n2n,顯然a1也滿(mǎn)足an3n2n,an3n2n.(2)點(diǎn)在yx3mx的圖象上,bn(3n1)3m(3n1)b182m,b21255m,b35128m,b41 33111m.bn的最小項(xiàng)是b3,273m129.bn1(3n2)3m(3n2),bn(3n1)3m(3n1),bn1bn3(3n2)2(3n1)2(3n2)(3n1)3m3(27n29n3m),當(dāng)n4時(shí),27n29n3273,27n29n3m0,bn1bn0,n4時(shí),bn1bn.綜上可知,273m129,m的取值范圍為273,129