（新課標(biāo)）2020屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ) 考點(diǎn)四 名詞和主謂一致（含解析）

《（新課標(biāo)）2020屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ) 考點(diǎn)四 名詞和主謂一致（含解析）》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《（新課標(biāo)）2020屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ) 考點(diǎn)四 名詞和主謂一致（含解析）（16頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、考點(diǎn)四　名詞和主謂一致 限時(shí)25分鐘 一、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．Barber shops have been opened in most big hotels in foreign countries, guests can go to the ________ (barber) to have a haircut directly． 答案：barber's　句意：國(guó)外大部分大的酒店都有理發(fā)店，客人可以直接去那里理發(fā)。the barber's 指“理發(fā)店”，故填barber's。 2．The Smiths ________ (have) their breakfast when

2、 the morning post came． 答案：were having　在表示姓氏的專有名詞詞尾加s，前面加the，表示一家人，當(dāng)這種形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，此處表示正在吃早餐，故填were having。 3．In recent years, Chinese arts have won the ________ (appreciate) of a lot of people outside China． 答案：appreciation　句意：近年來(lái)，中國(guó)藝術(shù)贏得了許多國(guó)外人士的欣賞。根據(jù)前面的the可知，后面使用名詞appreciation，表示欣賞。 4．

3、It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that ________ (be) to blame for the death of so many innocent people． 答案：was　句意：是自然災(zāi)害，而不是人為錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)對(duì)這么多無(wú)辜人的死亡負(fù)責(zé)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)是“the natural disaster, rather than human errors”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)保持一致。帶有“rather than”的結(jié)構(gòu)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的名詞即the natural disaster保持一致，故填was。 5

4、．Either you or one of your family members ________ (be) to attend the school sports meeting tomorrow and cheer on your kids． 答案：is　根據(jù)主語(yǔ)中的either ．．． or ．．． 可知，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采取“就近原則”，與“one of your family members”保持一致，故填is。 6．Jane realized her ________ (ambitious) to become the first woman to run the 10,000

5、 metres within 30 minutes． 答案：ambition　句意：簡(jiǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)了成為第一個(gè)30分鐘內(nèi)跑完一萬(wàn)米的女子的抱負(fù)。根據(jù)前面的形容詞性物主代詞可知，后面跟名詞。ambition “野心，雄心”。這里是指實(shí)現(xiàn)愿望。 7．Many young people plan to take ________ (turn) to host parties in the coming holiday． 答案：turns　句意：很多年輕人打算在即將到來(lái)的假期中輪流舉行聚會(huì)。take turns to do sth．是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“輪流做某事”，故填turns。 8．The tea

6、cher asks all the students to make ________ (prepare) for the English class． 答案：preparations　句意：老師要求所有的學(xué)生們?yōu)橛⒄Z(yǔ)課做準(zhǔn)備。make preparations for “為……做準(zhǔn)備”，是固定短語(yǔ)，故填preparations。 9．My friends and I ordered two teas and five ________ (coffee) when we had lunch． 答案：coffees　句意：我和朋友們吃午飯的時(shí)候，點(diǎn)了兩杯茶和五杯咖啡。此處coffee

7、和前面的tea的用法一樣，是可數(shù)名詞，表示幾杯茶或者咖啡，故填coffees。 10．We have to admit the fact that this experiment is a complete ________ (fail)． 答案：failure　句意：我們不得不承認(rèn)這次實(shí)驗(yàn)徹底失敗了。根據(jù)空格前面的“a complete”可知，形容詞修飾后面的名詞，作定語(yǔ)，故填failure。 11．The roofs of the rooms were covered with ________ (leaf)． 答案：leaves　句意：房子的屋頂上被樹(shù)葉覆蓋了。以f或fe結(jié)尾的

8、名詞變復(fù)數(shù)有直接加s或變f或fe為v再加-es的兩種形式。常見(jiàn)的要去掉f或fe加ves的詞有l(wèi)eaf, wife, life, knife, thief, half, self, shelf和wolf等。 12．Where to find the teacher and where to do the experiment ________ (be) not known． 答案：are　前面的主語(yǔ)由兩個(gè)“疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式”構(gòu)成，表示兩個(gè)概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。故填are。 13．The knife and fork ________ (be) on the table． 答案：is　主

9、語(yǔ)中and連接兩個(gè)名詞，表示一個(gè)整體概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故填is。 14．So far, more than one answer ________ (give) to the question． 答案：has been given　本句中“more than one＋單數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)，意義表示“不止一個(gè)”，但是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，且句中有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)so far提示，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填has been given。 15．These deer ________ (be) small compared with other species of deer． 答案：are　de

10、er單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同，但是此句中有these修飾，故填are。 16．The teacher as well as the students who ________ fond of football, ________ playing together． (be) 答案：are; is　句意：那位老師和喜歡足球的同學(xué)們正在一起踢足球?！皐ho ________ fond of football”是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾the students，故第一空用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。A as well as B作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與A保持一致，故第二空用單數(shù)形式。 17．My family _______

11、_ (be) well-known in the region now． 答案：is　句意：我的家現(xiàn)在在這個(gè)地區(qū)很有名氣。本句中family強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，且有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now，故填is。 18．—Where did you two have your ________ (stomach) examined? —At our local hospital． 答案：stomachs　句意：——你們兩個(gè)在哪兒檢查的胃？——在我們當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患裔t(yī)院。因?yàn)橹傅氖莾蓚€(gè)人的胃，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式；又因?yàn)榇藛卧~中-ch的發(fā)音為/k/，所以變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時(shí)要在后面加-s。在英語(yǔ)中，以-s, -x, -ch, -sh結(jié)尾的名詞

12、變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)要在其后加-es，但是stomach除外。 19．The old couple are pleased with their three ________ (son-in-law)． 答案：sons-in-law　句意：這對(duì)老夫婦對(duì)他們的三個(gè)女婿很滿意。合成名詞單數(shù)變成復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，有主體名詞時(shí)把主體名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)。例如：son-in-law→sons-in-law, looker-on→lookers-on, passer-by→passers-by。 20．In our city, there are one million ________ (grown-up)． 答案：grow

13、n-ups　句意：在我們這座城市，有一百萬(wàn)成年人。grown-up “成年人”，為可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。在英語(yǔ)中，合成詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時(shí)，如果沒(méi)有主體名詞，通常將最后一個(gè)詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)，因此答案為grown-ups。 21．Our local government awards 5,000 dollars to four ________ (woman) nurses and two ________ (man) doctors． 答案：women; men　句意：我們當(dāng)?shù)卣?,000美元獎(jiǎng)給了四名女護(hù)士和兩名男醫(yī)生。由man或woman作為第一部分而構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，將兩個(gè)部分皆變?yōu)?/p>

14、復(fù)數(shù)形式。 22．Learning hard ________ (be) very important to us students now． 答案：is　句意：現(xiàn)在努力學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)我們學(xué)生很重要。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞/單個(gè)從句/to do不定式時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 23．In fact, the innovation is just one move in a huge project to improve Chinese teachers' housing ________ (condition) in recent years． 答案：conditions　句意：事實(shí)上，這項(xiàng)變

15、革只是最近幾年提高中國(guó)教師住房條件的大項(xiàng)目中的一小步。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式conditions。condition的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示“(居住、工作等的)環(huán)境，條件”。 24．Water is valuable in the world but large amounts of water ________ (be) wasted． 答案：are　句意：在世界上水是很寶貴的，但是許多水被浪費(fèi)了?！癮mounts/quantities of＋不可數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 25．A modern library is being built in our school so

16、 that we students will have ________ (accessible) to good books． 答案：access　句意：我們學(xué)校正在建設(shè)一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化的圖書(shū)館，以便學(xué)生能夠讀到好書(shū)。access “接觸的機(jī)會(huì)，使用權(quán)”；have access to固定詞組，意為“可使用……；可獲得……”，符合句意。故空格處填access。 26．Each man and each woman in the neighboring villages ________ (have) a bad opinion of him, but he is spoken better o

17、f by the village leaders． 答案：has　句意：鄰近村莊的每個(gè)人都對(duì)他印象不好，但是村領(lǐng)導(dǎo)對(duì)他的評(píng)價(jià)較高?！癳very ．．． and every ．．．”，“each ．．． and each ．．．”等結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式；且根據(jù)后面的is可知，句子應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故空格處應(yīng)填has。 27．—Is everyone here? —Not yet． Look, there ________ (come) a guest! 答案：comes　空格處所在句子為倒裝句，a guest作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式；此處敘述的是現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)，所以句子

18、用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故空格處應(yīng)填comes。 28．It's said that a singer and TV star ________ (be) coming to give us a wonderful performance next Saturday． 答案：is　句意：據(jù)說(shuō)一位歌唱家兼電視明星下星期六要來(lái)給我們做精彩的表演。and連接兩個(gè)名詞，但共用一個(gè)冠詞指同一人或者同一事物時(shí)，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。故答案為is。 29．The head teacher, together with his students, ________ (be) planning to post

19、the winning poems on the Campus Network． 答案：is　主語(yǔ)后接由with, except, as well as, no less than, rather than, besides, together with, like, including, in addition to等構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。故空格處應(yīng)填is。 30．The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which ________ (be) saved for other

20、 purposes． 答案：were　句意：這家工廠使用了65%的原材料，其余的節(jié)省下來(lái)以作他用。后半句中的the rest of which中的which指的是raw materials，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；再結(jié)合主句中的時(shí)態(tài)可判斷，正確答案為were。 二、單句改錯(cuò) 1．“Thank you” mean you appreciate what someone has done for you, no matter how small it is． ___________________________________________________________________

21、_____ 答案：mean→means　本句中的主語(yǔ)是Thank you短語(yǔ)，表示單數(shù)意義，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，故將mean改為means。 2．I managed to climb out, but much to my shocking, one of my boys was missing． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：shocking→shock　此處為“to one's＋抽象名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，shocking是一個(gè)形容詞，故將shocking改為shock。

22、 3．I have heard that English volunteers is wanted in the summer vacation． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：is→are　根據(jù)前面的主語(yǔ)English volunteers表示復(fù)數(shù)意義可知，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，故將is改為are。 4．We were very happy to help each other and have lots of funs． ___________________

23、_____________________________________________________ 答案：funs→fun　fun是一個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，故將funs改為fun。 5．I come from New York and is having an enjoyable time in Beijing． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：is→am　句子的主語(yǔ)為I，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與I保持一致，故將is改為am。 6．In order to ke

24、ep healthy, you have to refuse a variety of delicious snack and junk food． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：snack→snacks　snack是一個(gè)可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)前面的a variety of “大量的”可知，后用復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故將snack改為snacks。 7．I'm one of the students who works hard in English and have won seve

25、ral prizes in some English contests． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：works→work　定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的先行詞保持一致，即與the students保持一致，故改為復(fù)數(shù)形式。 8．More than one worker have been sent to the training center to improve their working skills in the past three years． ____

26、____________________________________________________________________ 答案：have→has　句意：在過(guò)去的三年中，不止一個(gè)工人被送到培訓(xùn)中心去提高他們的工作技能。more than one “不止一個(gè)”，從意義上講它表示復(fù)數(shù)，但作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)習(xí)慣用單數(shù)。 9．A recent survey shows that the number of children who come from the countryside with their parents are nearly 320,000 in Beijing． __

27、______________________________________________________________________ 答案：are→is　句意：最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明，在北京和父母一起從農(nóng)村來(lái)的孩子的數(shù)量將近320,000?！皌he number of＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；而“a number of＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 10．The computer system crashed and I lost three hour's worth of work． _______________________________________

28、_________________________________ 答案：hour's→hours'　句意：電腦系統(tǒng)癱瘓了，我三個(gè)小時(shí)做的工作都白費(fèi)了。三個(gè)小時(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)概念，因此hour應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。以s結(jié)尾的名詞復(fù)數(shù)的所有格形式直接加'即可。 11．On the contrary, I think it is Truman, rather than you, are to blame． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：are→is　當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是介詞with, togeth

29、er with, along with, as well as, like, but, rather than, including等連接的兩個(gè)名詞或代詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與第一個(gè)名詞或代詞的數(shù)保持一致。 12．However, the grass under our foot is green enough． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：foot→feet　由修飾語(yǔ)our可知，foot應(yīng)改為其復(fù)數(shù)形式，foot的復(fù)數(shù)形式為不規(guī)則變化，即feet。 13．Bill w

30、as standing at the side of the car, talking to two men who was helping him to repair it． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：第二個(gè)was→were　因先行詞two men是復(fù)數(shù)概念，所以定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。 14．In the last 25 years, the population of Singapore have doubled to more than five

31、million． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：have→has　句意：在過(guò)去的25年里，新加坡的人口翻了一番，達(dá)到500多萬(wàn)人。此處的population為集合名詞，可以看成一個(gè)整體，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 15．Each student should make good preparation for the College Entrance Examination． _________________________________________________

32、_______________________ 答案：preparation→preparations　preparation意為“準(zhǔn)備工作，籌備工作”時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞；make preparations for ．．． “為……做準(zhǔn)備”，固定搭配。 名詞 一、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式的規(guī)則 1．規(guī)則變化 一般情況下，在詞尾直接加-s；以-s, -x, -sh, -ch(ch發(fā)音為[t]時(shí))結(jié)尾的在詞尾加-es；以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的，把y變成i，再加-es；以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的多數(shù)變f或fe為v再加-es。 2．不規(guī)則變化 (1)變內(nèi)部元音 foot—feet 腳 ma

33、n—men 男人 woman—women 女人 tooth—teeth 牙 goose—geese 鵝 gentleman—gentlemen 紳士 (2)單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞 sheep 綿羊 deer 鹿 Chinese 中國(guó)人 Japanese 日本人 Swiss 瑞士人 means 方法 series 系列 species 種類 works 工廠 head 頭(量詞) (3)常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞 clothes 衣服 glasses 眼鏡 chopsticks 筷子 trousers 褲子 goods 商品；貨物 content

34、s 目錄 sands 沙灘 woods樹(shù)林 times時(shí)代 lines 臺(tái)詞 surroundings 環(huán)境 belongings 財(cái)產(chǎn) earnings 收入 arms 武器 manners 禮貌 forces 軍隊(duì) (4)有兩種復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞 people　　　fish (5)集體名詞的數(shù) ①只表示復(fù)數(shù)意義的集體名詞 people 人，人們　　police 警察　　cattle 牛 ②側(cè)重成員時(shí)表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，側(cè)重整體時(shí)表示單數(shù)意義的集體名詞 這類集體名詞側(cè)重于成員時(shí)，表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，不再變復(fù)數(shù)形式；側(cè)重整體時(shí)表示單數(shù)意義，表示多個(gè)這樣的集體時(shí)有

35、復(fù)數(shù)變化形式。 class 班級(jí) family 家庭 team 隊(duì) public 大眾 army 軍隊(duì) government 政府 二、名詞所有格 1．'s所有格 表示人或其他有生命的東西的名詞常在詞尾加's或'，表示所有關(guān)系。 my_sister's telephone number 我姐姐的電話號(hào)碼 (1)表示兩者或多者各自的所有關(guān)系時(shí)，分別在每個(gè)名詞的詞尾加's或'；表示兩者或多者共有時(shí)，在最后一個(gè)名詞詞尾加's或'。 Tom's_and_Jim's fathers 湯姆的父親和吉姆的父親 Tom_and_Jim's father 湯姆和吉姆

36、的父親 (2)表示店鋪、辦公室或某人的家時(shí)，名詞所有格后被修飾的名詞一般省略。 at the_barber's 在理發(fā)店 at my_uncle's 在我叔叔家 2．of所有格 表示無(wú)生命的事物的名詞通常用of所有格表示所有關(guān)系；名詞短語(yǔ)或有定語(yǔ)修飾的有生命的名詞也常用of所有格。 the window of_the_room 房間的窗戶 3．雙重所有格 　 三、名詞作定語(yǔ) 名詞作定語(yǔ)往往是說(shuō)明被修飾詞的材料、用途、類別等，作定語(yǔ)的名詞通常用單數(shù)。 gold chain 金鏈子 coffee cup 咖啡杯 mountain village 山村 w

37、inter holiday 寒假 限時(shí)25分鐘 一、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．(2019·雙鴨山市第一中學(xué)高三月考)Neither you nor I nor anybody else ________ (know) anything about it now． 答案：knows　根據(jù)前面的neither ．．． nor ．．． 結(jié)構(gòu)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采取就近原則，故與anybody else保持一致，且由now可知，此處描述現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)，故填knows。 2．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)This switch has decreased ________ (pollute) in the co

38、untry's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people． 答案：pollution　根據(jù)前面的“This switch has decreased”后面缺少賓語(yǔ)可知，此處使用名詞作賓語(yǔ)，故填pollution。 3．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)My name is Mireya Mayor． I'm a ________ (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys． 答案：scientist　此處介紹“我”的身份是一位科學(xué)家。因此應(yīng)填

39、scientist。 4．(2018·浙江高考)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook． Making Chinese ________ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome． 答案：dishes　名詞dish前面沒(méi)有冠詞，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但是后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是is，主語(yǔ)為making Chinese dishes動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。 5．(2018·浙江高考)Researchers have found that there is a direct link between

40、the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ________ (weigh) problems． 答案：weight　weight problems “體重問(wèn)題”，需要把所給的動(dòng)詞變成名詞weight，修飾后面的名詞。 6．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages ________ (be) close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left． 答案

41、：are　根據(jù)前面的主語(yǔ)“400 of the total of 6,800 languages”指6,800種語(yǔ)言中的400多種語(yǔ)言，意思是復(fù)數(shù)，故填are。 7．(2018·江蘇高考)When most people think of the arts, they imagine the end product, the beautiful painting, a wonderful piece of music, or an award-winning ________ (perform) in the theatre． 答案：performance　根據(jù)前面的“an award-

42、winning”可知，后面修飾名詞，故填performance。 8．(2018·北京高考)The coming technological advancement ________ (present) a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably． 答案：presents　主語(yǔ)“The coming technological advancement”是單數(shù)，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)形式，填presents。

43、 9．(2018·天津高考)________ (curious) gave us all a natural awareness． 答案：Curiosity　根據(jù)空格的位置和后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可知，此處缺少主語(yǔ)，故填Curiosity。 10．(2018·天津高考)On top of that, most of the 3-D food ________ (print) now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad． 答案：printers　根據(jù)“most of

44、”可知，后面使用復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故填printers。 11．(2018·浙江高考)Among the bag makers' ________ (argue): many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport． 答案：arguments　根據(jù)前面的“the bag makers'”是一個(gè)名詞所有格，后面使用名詞形式，且此處指復(fù)數(shù)概念，故填arguments。

45、12．(2018·江蘇高考)What starts as fun usage of apps ________ (turn) into tremendous pressure in real social media interaction at secondary school． 答案：turns　分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)由what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用單數(shù)形式。 13．(2018·北京高考)The ________ (arrive) of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles ar

46、e environmentally friendly and more shared． 答案：arrival　根據(jù)前面的定冠詞the可知，后面使用名詞形式，故填arrival。 14．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Now all that was needed ________ (be) the parents, but they were absent． 答案：were　句意：現(xiàn)在最需要的就是父母，但是父母都不在。因?yàn)楸碚Z(yǔ)為parents，并且要時(shí)態(tài)一致，因此答案為were。 15．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Moran says one of the problems with Jazz to

47、day ________ (be) that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost． 答案：is　句意：莫蘭說(shuō)今天爵士樂(lè)其中的一個(gè)問(wèn)題是音樂(lè)的娛樂(lè)性丟失。當(dāng)“one of＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 16．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)My entire family is hearing and so ________ (be) all my friends． 答案：are　句意：我全家都有聽(tīng)覺(jué)，我所有的朋友也都有聽(tīng)覺(jué)?！皊o＋be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”指前者的情況也適合于后者；主語(yǔ)為my friends，根

48、據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)一致原則，答案是are。 17．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Fat and salt ________ (be) very important parts of a diet． 答案：are　句意：脂肪和鹽是飲食中的重要部分。主語(yǔ)為fat and salt，表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。 18．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack (吃點(diǎn)心) between ________ (meal) and will improve the taste of your f

49、ood． 答案：meals　句意：飯菜中充足的脂肪和鹽會(huì)降低零食對(duì)你的誘惑，并且會(huì)改善食物的味道。這里指兩餐之間，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 19．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the ________ (instructor) orders． 答案：instructor's　句意：上車之前，我原本認(rèn)為我已經(jīng)掌握了教練的指令。表所有關(guān)系，在名詞后直接加's。 20．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)________ (interrupt) are one of the worst things to deal

50、with while you're trying to get work done． 答案：Interruptions　句意：當(dāng)你努力完成工作的時(shí)候，受到打擾是你要應(yīng)對(duì)的最壞的事情之一。作主語(yǔ)，需要用interrupt的名詞形式interruption，且由系動(dòng)詞are可知，要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式interruptions。 21．(2019·中央民大附中月考)E-mail, as well as telephones, ________ (play) an important part in daily communication． 答案：is playing　句意：電子郵件，還有電話在日常生

51、活中起著很重要的作用。主語(yǔ)后接由as well as構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)和人稱保持一致，答案為is playing。 22．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)After years of heated debate, gray ________ (wolf) were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park． 答案：wolves　句意：多年的激烈爭(zhēng)論之后，灰狼重新被引進(jìn)到了黃石國(guó)家公園。be動(dòng)詞用了were，因此應(yīng)用wolf的復(fù)數(shù)形式。以-f/-fe結(jié)尾的名詞應(yīng)改f/fe為v，再加es。 23．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)In fact

52、, the key to easy morning wake-up ________ (lie) in resetting your body clock． 答案：lies　句意：事實(shí)上，早晨輕松醒來(lái)的關(guān)鍵在于重新調(diào)整你的生物鐘。句子的主語(yǔ)是the key，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)。 24．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several ________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies． 答案：invitations　句意：為了專注于學(xué)習(xí)，她拒絕了在許多

53、節(jié)目中充當(dāng)主演的邀請(qǐng)。several修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，因此填invitations。 25．(2018·山西重點(diǎn)中學(xué)模擬)The government ________ (have) promised to keep the whole-year registered unemployment rate below 4．5 percent． 答案：has　本句中的The government指政府這個(gè)整體，表示單數(shù)意義，此時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，故用has。 26．(2018·湖南長(zhǎng)沙高三調(diào)研)But much like other sports events, a lot of pro

54、fessional ________ (compete) rule the triathlon world． 答案：competitors　句意：但是與其他運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目一樣，許多專業(yè)參賽選手統(tǒng)治三項(xiàng)全能界/領(lǐng)域。a lot of修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，competitor是可數(shù)名詞，因此這里應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。 27．(2018·河南八市高三質(zhì)檢)Choosing what places to visit in Dubai is difficult, because even the hotels there are also amazing ________ (attract)． 答案：

55、attractions　由空前的形容詞amazing可知，應(yīng)填提示詞的名詞形式attraction。attraction在此處意為“吸引人之物”，是可數(shù)名詞，表示這些旅館都是吸引人的地方，因此用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 28．(2018·河北衡水中學(xué)高三第十次模擬)More than one doctor ________ (be) involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake． 答案：was　句意：許多醫(yī)生都加入到了震后的營(yíng)救工作中?！癿ore than one＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。又根據(jù)上下文可

56、知，設(shè)空處用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式，故答案為was。 29．(2018·山東淄博實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高三教學(xué)診斷)Mr Black, as well as the professor who ________ (come) from Peking University, ________ (be) to attend our school meeting． 答案：comes; is　句意：布萊克先生和一名來(lái)自北京大學(xué)的教授將來(lái)參加我們學(xué)校的會(huì)議。第一空考查定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致，第一空謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與先行詞 professor(第三人稱單數(shù))一致，故答案為 comes。第二個(gè)空與Mr Black保持一致，因?yàn)椤癆＋a

57、s well as＋B”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與A保持一致，故第二空答案為is。 30．(2018·中原名校質(zhì)檢)Dr White, as well as his students ________ (do) an experiment in the lab now． 答案：is doing　句意：懷特博士和他的學(xué)生們現(xiàn)在正在實(shí)驗(yàn)室做實(shí)驗(yàn)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后接由as well as構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)和人稱保持一致，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 二、單句改錯(cuò) 1．(2018·北京高考)I was one of the final run to finish． But I finis

58、hed! And I got a medal． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：run→runners　根據(jù)句意，指“我”是最后一個(gè)完成賽跑的跑步者，同時(shí)結(jié)合“one of”可知，此處使用復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故將run改為runners。 2．(2018·江蘇高考)It found many youngsters (少年) now measure their status by how much public approve they get online, often thr

59、ough “l(fā)ikes”． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：approve→approval　根據(jù)前面的“public” (公眾的)和“how much”可知，后面跟名詞，作get的賓語(yǔ)，故將approve改為approval。 3．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)A build-it-yourself solar still (蒸餾器) is one of the best way to obtain drinking water in areas where the li

60、quid is not readily available． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：way→ways　根據(jù)句意可知，這里指“其中一個(gè)最好的取水方式”，one of后應(yīng)接名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 4．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)In the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeare's play in their

61、own language． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：play→plays　根據(jù)后半句語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)用play的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指莎士比亞的作品。 5．(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：honest→honest

62、y　句意：我叔叔告訴我他成功的關(guān)鍵就是誠(chéng)實(shí)。此處是指誠(chéng)實(shí)是他成功的關(guān)鍵，應(yīng)用名詞形式。 6．(2016·浙江高考)It is important to pay your electric bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：electric→electricity　句意：按時(shí)交電費(fèi)很重要，因?yàn)榻坏倪t會(huì)影響你的信用。electricity bill “電費(fèi)”。 7．

63、(2016·四川高考)Mom has a full-time job, but she has to do most of the houseworks． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：houseworks→housework　句意：媽媽有一份全職工作，但還是要做大部分的家務(wù)。housework為不可數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。 8．(2018·長(zhǎng)春外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校檢測(cè))You are the most considerate person who know exactly wh

64、at I need in our class． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：know→knows　句意：你是我們班上最體貼的人，知道我恰好需要什么。know是定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，其單復(fù)數(shù)形式由先行詞person確定。由于person是單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 9．(2018·鄭州質(zhì)檢)More than one worker have been dismissed in our factory． __________________________

65、______________________________________________ 答案：have→has　句意：在我們工廠，不止一名工人被解雇了?！癿ore than one＋單數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，盡管意義上表示復(fù)數(shù)，但是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式。 10．(2018·河南名校聯(lián)考)The singer and teacher are speaking at the meeting． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：are→is　句意：這名歌手兼老師正在會(huì)議上發(fā)言

66、。singer和teacher由一個(gè)限定詞“the”修飾，指的是同一人，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 主謂一致 一、主謂一致的概念及原則 主謂一致即在句子中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)必須和主語(yǔ)的數(shù)保持一致。一般可根據(jù)三個(gè)原則來(lái)確定：語(yǔ)法一致原則、意義一致原則、就近一致原則。 二、主謂一致?？伎键c(diǎn) 1．表示一類人的the poor/rich/dead/injured/wounded等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 The_rich are to help the poor． 2．“主語(yǔ)＋with/along with/together with/as well as/rather than/but/except等＋名詞/代詞”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式與主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。 A gift together_with many flowers was sent to me on Teachers' Day by my students． 3．由either ．．． or ．．．, neither ．．． nor ．．．, not only ．．． but (also) ．．．, or,