2020版高考英語一輪總復習 課時作業(yè)1 Unit 1 Friendship（含解析）新人教版必修1

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1、課時作業(yè) 1 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 (2019·河北省張家口市高三摸底考試) “The failure to play is now a serious issue and it calls for action for change，” says Sir Ken Robinson, a leading expert in education, creativity and human development. This is the driving force behind Outdoor Classroom Day—a global teacher-led campaign, suppor

2、ted by Dirt is Good, a company producing daily chemical products. Outdoor Classroom Day, taking place on 17th May and 1st November this year, will see schools around the world swap the inside for the outside and take learning into the playground and beyond to make playtime a key part of the school

3、day. This might involve using natural objects like stones to do sums, or going on an insect hunt to encourage curiosity. By now, Outdoor Classroom Day has grown from a grassroots movement to a global campaign that is expected to benefit five million children and over 40,000 schools from all around t

4、he world in 2018. This is helping to change the trend that sees many schools selling up or building on their playgrounds and cutting back on playtime to make more room for academic studies, while at home children's lives are increasingly filled with organized activities intended to help them learn.

5、 Today globally 61% of parents surveyed in the Dirt is Good Qualitative Study said that children don't know how to play without using technology. Outdoor Classroom Day is making playing time happen, with 22% of participating schools having increased their playtime since joining the campaign. 93% of

6、 teachers surveyed saw improvements in children's creativity after playing outside, and 97% believe that time outdoors is necessary for children to reach their full potential. Scientific studies show that real play—the active, physical, self-directed play—is essential for children to develop key li

7、fe skills that are not taught elsewhere. Few would question the value of developing creativity, leadership, resourcefulness, and curiosity. 本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了Outdoor Classroom Day，這是一項全球范圍的教育活動，旨在于鼓勵孩子到戶外活動，在實踐中學到知識。 1．What do children do on Outdoor Classroom Day? A．Have a day off and go playing anyw

8、here. B．Have P. E．classes on the playgrounds. C．Learn and play by using natural things outside. D．Play on their own without the teachers' guidance. 答案：C 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句see schools around the world swap the inside for the outside and take learning into the playground and beyond to make playtim

9、e a key part of the school day. This might involve using natural objects like stones to do sums, or going on an insect hunt to encourage curiosity.可知在這一天孩子們從室內到室外去學習，通過自然界的物體學習相關知識。A、B項與主題無關，D項中“without the teachers' guidance.”在文章中并沒有涉及。故C項正確。 2．Why do children spend less time outdoors? A．Technolo

10、gy helps children learn better at home. B．Parents prefer to home school their children. C．Schools stop providing playgrounds. D．Adults ignore the importance of playtime. 答案：D 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句This is helping to change the trend that sees many schools selling up or building on their playgrounds

11、and cutting back on playtime to make more room for academic studies可知目前的趨勢是大人只把學校當成學習文化知識的場所，削減了孩子室外玩耍的時間。所以主要是由于大人忽視了玩耍的重要性。故D項正確。 3．How are children's key life skills developed? A．They are taught by their teachers. B．They are learnt from their parents. C．They are gained by doing surveys. D．Th

12、ey are acquired through real play. 答案：D 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句This might involve using natural objects like stones to do sums, or going on an insect hunt to encourage curiosity.以及第五段第一句Scientific studies show that real play—the active, physical, self-directed play—is essential for children to develop k

13、ey life skills可知在戶外活動中，孩子們通過自然界中的真實物體學到了實用技能。也就是說孩子們在真正的玩耍中學到了知識。故D項正確。 4．What's the author's purpose in writing this passage？ A.To inform. B．To persuade. C．To entertain. D．To advertise. 答案：A 解析：寫作意圖題。本文主要介紹了Outdoor Classroom Day，這是一項全球范圍的教育活動，旨在于鼓勵孩子到戶外活動，在實踐中學到知識。本文的作用是“告知”，而非說服、娛樂和宣傳廣告。故

14、A項正確。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2019·綏德中學高三階段性測試) In 2004, the relationship between my boyfriend and me was bad, which left me feeling sad. What made it __1__ was that he decided to __2__ our relationship in December, weeks before both my birthday and Christmas. To __3__ me up, my dad sent me some money for the h

15、olidays. I could have done a number of __4__ things with it, such as paying off my student loan or adding it to my savings account (儲蓄賬戶)，but I didn't. __5__， I bought myself a cookery course. The five __6__ in French cooking were held at a school two miles from my house. I'd go to the lessons on e

16、very Saturday morning, and our little group would listen sleepily to __7__ of different recipes(食譜). We'd then __8__ with another student and try to make our __9__ together, which usually didn't turn out very well. Each week, we would gather to __10__ our dishes, in front of the __11__ chef (廚師)and

17、 cook something that hardly looked like French dishes. When it was me to __12__ our dishes, the teacher would __13__ bottles of wine that had been used in the last week's wine tasting courses and serve us, so the end of each day became very __14__. A few months later, I had to stop going to the cl

18、asses, as I could no longer __15__ them. Although the classes didn't turn me into a chef, they gave me a __16__ to talk to people who weren't co-workers or friends, helping me __17__my self-pity. It gave me an excuse to take it easy on a Friday night, and get out of the house on a Saturday morning.

19、And although I still don't know how to prepare a French dish __18__， I'm still glad I got to eat, drink and laugh with all those friendly people. The world can sometimes be very __19__， or even cruel, so every once in a while, we should remember to __20__ ourselves, cherish friendship around us and

20、 live a meaningful life. 本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者由于與男朋友分手，心情不好。為了讓作者振作，爸爸給了些錢讓她度假放松。作者卻報了一個周六烹飪班，和那些友好的人一起吃、喝、大笑，讓她忘記了自己的遭遇。這讓作者認識到：這個世界有時會很冷，甚至殘酷，我們應該記得善待自己，珍惜身邊的友誼，過一種有意義的生活。 1．A.better B．worse C．less D．more 答案：B 解析：考查形容詞辨析。better更好的；worse更壞的；less更少的；more更多的。根據(jù)上文可知，2004年我男朋友和我的關系不好，這讓我很傷心。更糟的是，他決定在十二月

21、結束我們的關系。分析上下句的內容可知，表示更加惡化。故選B項。 2．A.destroy B．develop C．end D．improve 答案：C 解析：考查動詞辨析。destroy破壞；develop開發(fā)，發(fā)展；end結束；improve提高，改善。根據(jù)上一句可知，是結束關系。故選C項。 3．A.pick B．bring C．wake D．cheer 答案：D 解析：考查動詞辨析。pick挑選，挑揀；bring帶來，引來；wake醒來，蘇醒；cheer歡呼，感到高興。為了讓我振作起來，我爸爸給我寄了一些錢來讓我度假。cheer...up為固定搭配，意為“使振作”。故選D項。

22、 4．A.responsible B．kind C．previous D．flexible 答案：A 解析：考查形容詞辨析。responsible負責任的；kind好心的；previous以前的；flexible靈活的。根據(jù)下文的“such as paying off my student loan or adding it to my savings account (儲蓄賬戶), but I didn't.”可知，比如支付我的學生貸款或者把它存到我的儲蓄賬戶，這些都是負責任的(responsible)事情。故選A項。 5．A.Besides B．Instead C．Still

23、D．Therefore 答案：B 解析：考查副詞辨析。Besides此外，除……之外；Instead反而，代替；Still然而，仍舊；Therefore因此。根據(jù)上一句“but I didn't”可知，我沒有這樣做，反而我付費上了烹飪課。故選B項。 6．A.performances B．parties C．classes D．meetings 答案：C 解析：考查名詞辨析。performances演出；parties黨派，聚會；classes班，班級，等級；meetings會議。根據(jù)上文可知我報了法國烹飪課，烹飪課是在離我家兩英里遠的一個學校上的。故選C項。 7．A.descri

24、ptions B．secrets C．changes D．arrangements 答案：A 解析：考查名詞辨析。descriptions描述，描寫；secrets秘密；changes變化；arrangements安排。我每個星期六早上都去上課，我們的小組會睡意蒙眬地聽著對不同食譜的描述。故選A項。 8．A.set off B．take up C．leave off D．pair up 答案：D 解析：考查動詞短語辨析。句意：然后我們和另一個學生配對。set off出發(fā)；take up從事；leave off戒除；pair up結成對。根據(jù)句意可知D項符合題意。 9．A.pla

25、ns B．decisions C．dishes D．cakes 答案：C 解析：考查名詞辨析。plans計劃；decisions決定；dishes菜，食物，餐具；cakes蛋糕。根據(jù)下句的“gather to __10__ our dishes”可知，我們一起做菜，可通常做的菜結果不好。故選C項。 10．A.appreciate B．embarrass C．witness D．enjoy 答案：B 解析：考查動詞辨析。appreciate欣賞；embarrass使尷尬；witness見證；enjoy享受，喜歡。根據(jù)上一句“which usually didn't turn out

26、 very well.”及后面的“cook something that hardly looked like French dishes.”可知，本處指做的菜不好，使人尷尬。故選B項。 11．A.awful B．faithful C．ordinary D．professional 答案：D 解析：考查形容詞辨析。awful糟糕的，可怕的；faithful忠實的；ordinary普通的；professional專業(yè)的。根據(jù)語境“the teacher...”可知，作者上的是烹飪課，所以老師一定是專業(yè)的廚師，我們把菜給專業(yè)的廚師看。故選D項。 12．A.taste B．compare

27、 C．check D．prepare 答案：A 解析：考查動詞辨析。taste嘗；compare比較；check檢查；prepare準備。根據(jù)語境可知，讓我品嘗我們的菜。故選A項。 13．A.try out B．glance through C．search for D．put away 答案：C 解析：考查短語辨析。句意：當我品嘗我們的菜肴時，老師會找上星期的葡萄酒品嘗課上用的酒，然后給我們喝。 try out試驗，選拔；glance through瀏覽；search for尋找；put away把……放置一邊。故選C項。 14．A.pleasing B．disappointi

28、ng C．worrying D．boring 答案：A 解析：考查形容詞辨析。句意：所以每一天的結束時都非常愉快。pleasing令人愉快的，舒適的；disappointing令人失望的；worrying令人擔心的；boring無趣的，令人厭煩的。根據(jù)下文第18空后的“I'm still glad I got to eat, drink and laugh with all those friendly people”可知，很愜意愉快。故選A項。 15．A.bear B．conduct C．follow D．afford 答案：D 解析：考查動詞辨析。bear忍受，承擔；cond

29、uct實施；follow跟從；afford負擔得起。根據(jù)前一句“had to stop going to the classes”可知，不得不停課的原因，可能是負擔不起學費。故選D項。 16．A.promise B．chance C．pleasure D．duty 答案：B 解析：考查名詞辨析。句意：雖然烹飪班沒有把我變成廚師，但他們給了我一個機會和那些不是同事或朋友的人交談。promise承諾；chance機會；pleasure樂趣；duty責任，任務。故選B項。 17．A.remember B．realize C．forget D．keep 答案：C 解析：考查動詞辨析。r

30、emember記得；realize實現(xiàn)；forget忘記；keep保持。根據(jù)上文可知作者由于與男朋友分手，拿著爸爸給的錢報了烹飪班，每周六上課，讓我忘記了(forget)我的自憐。故選C項。 18．A.properly B．patiently C．carefully D．differently 答案：A 解析：考查副詞辨析。properly合適地，恰當?shù)?；patiently有耐心地；carefully仔細地；differently不同地。根據(jù)句意可知，雖然我還不知道如何恰當?shù)刈龇ㄊ讲穗?，但我還是很高興能和那些友好的人一起吃、喝、笑。故選A項。 19．A.warm B．cold C．

31、violent D．crazy 答案：B 解析：考查形容詞辨析。warm溫暖的；cold冷酷的；violent猛烈的；crazy瘋狂的。根據(jù)下文“...or even cruel”可知，本句與后面的或者殘忍的(cruel)相似，只能是(cold)。故選B項。 20．A.calm B．respect C．challenge D．treat 答案：D 解析：考查動詞辨析。calm冷靜；respect尊敬；challenge挑戰(zhàn)；treat款待，對待。分析語境可知，我們應該記住要善待(treat)自己，珍惜身邊的友誼，過有意義的生活。故選D項。 Ⅲ.語法填空 (2019·渭南市尚德中

32、學教學質量檢測) Friendship is indispensable(不可缺少的) to people's life. A man without friends is like an angel without wings, __1__ life will suffer in the long tolerance of loneliness and depression. Friendship is the mother of our soul, who will warm her kid if hurt __2__ (occur). We have many things such

33、as happiness, __3__ (excite) and bitterness, to share with our friends in life, etc. Thus, it is important __4__ (maintain) a true friendship. It takes many special qualities to make a friend. Understanding should come first. Only __5__ we get a better understanding of each other can we gain __6__

34、authentic and meaningful friendship. It also takes a special kind of love that seems to have no end. Never hesitate to show your kindness to your friend when he/she is __7__ trouble. Love is not selfish. Love is such a valuable quality __8__ (give) by God that we should treasure it all our life. T

35、olerance is the __9__ (three) essential part in friendship. We are __10__ (absolute) different persons. This individual distinction may cause conflict. But just try to tolerate others so that you can maintain your friendship. 本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了友誼是人們生活中不可缺少的部分，并且介紹了交朋友的三個品質：理解、愛和容忍。 1．whose　解析：考査代詞。分析句

36、子可知后半部分是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞為a man，先行詞在從句中作定語修飾名詞life，要用關系代詞whose指代先行詞，故填whose。 2．occurs　解析：考査謂語動詞。因if引導的條件狀語從句的主語是單數(shù)名詞hurt，本句話用的是一般現(xiàn)在時，所以謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填occurs。 3．excitement　解析：考查名詞。由本空前面的happiness以及后面的bitterness可知，這里應該填excite的名詞形式。故填excitement。 4．to_maintain　解析：考查不定式。由it is＋形容詞＋to do sth.的結構可知這里填不定式，

37、在此結構中，不定式是真正的主語，it是形式主語。故填to maintain。 5．when　解析：考查連詞。句意：只有當我們更好地相互了解，我們才能獲得一份真摯和有意義的友誼。根據(jù)句意可知此處需要when表示“當……的時候”，來引導時間狀語從句，故填when。 6．an　解析：考查冠詞。句意：只有當我們更好地相互了解，我們才能獲得一份真摯和有意義的友誼。friendship是抽象名詞，抽象名詞一般是不可數(shù)的，但當它前面有修飾語時其前面可加冠詞a或者an。又因為authentic是以元音音素開頭的，故填an。 7．in　解析：考査固定詞組。in trouble意為“在困難中”，為固定搭配，

38、故填in。 8．given　解析：考查非謂語動詞。此處本句已經(jīng)有謂語動詞is，故give在此作非謂語。又由后面的“by God”可知是被動關系，故用過去分詞given作后置定語來修飾名詞quality，故填given。 9．third　解析：考査序數(shù)詞。根據(jù)上文提到交朋友的兩個品質：理解和愛，可知此處容忍是第三個品質，所以此處應用three的序數(shù)詞形式third，表示“第三個品質”，故填third。 10．absolutely　解析：考査副詞。此處用于修飾空后的形容詞different，要用副詞形式，故填absolutely。 Ⅳ.短文改錯 (2019·河北省衡水中學高三月考) D

39、ear Bill， I'm glad to receive your letter. Thank you for your caring for the weather or my health. Now I'd like to tell you anything about the smog. Since last winter, the smog has been occurred a lot of times. It has done great harm to our daily life—a great number people got sick; many traffic a

40、ccidents happened and quite lots of flights had to be put up. Luckily, people have realized the serious harm causing by the smog and the importance of protecting the environment. People all over the country are taking measure to reduce the smog. As for me, I will go to school by bike or on foot, and

41、 I wouldn't throw the waste anywhere. Beside, I will tell people around to try their best to protect the environment. Would you like to tell me some other good ideas? Looking forward to receive your reply. 答案 Dear Bill， I'm glad to receive your letter. Thank you for your caring for the weather

42、my health. Now I'd like to tell you about the smog. Since last winter, the smog has occurred a lot of times. It has done great harm to our daily life—a great number people got sick; many traffic accidents happened and quite lots of flights had to be put . Luckily, people have realized the seriou

43、s harm by the smog and the importance of protecting the environment. People all over the country are taking to reduce the smog. As for me, I will go to school by bike or on foot, and I throw the waste anywhere. ， I will tell people around to try their best to protect the environment. Would you like to tell me some other good ideas? Looking forward to your reply. 9