2021版新高考英語一輪復習 課時提能練13-14 北師大版

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1、課時提能練13-14 課時提能練(十三) 必修3　Unit 7　The Sea(A) 課時作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面 Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．They were about to go back home when the accident happened. 2．They couldn't，even if they would，get out of trouble by themselves. 3．The movie Gone with the Wind is really a success.I have never seen a better (good) one. 4．Where

2、 did she pick up this companion? 5．She being (be) absent，the meeting had to be put off. Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．Nothing else is precious than water in the desert.is后加more 2．If buyers pay in advance，they can make large wholesale purchases at discount.at后加a 3．Read this sentence and tell me if it makes a sense.去

3、掉a 4．I know only a little about the twins，Jane and Mary，but I think Jane is more beautiful of the two sisters.more前加the 5．The work finishing，they left the office and went home.finishing→finished Ⅲ.選詞成篇 A be covered with，make a living，in addition to，pick up，in search of，fill out，participate in，

4、get into trouble Lake Tai 1.was_covered_with algae(藻) years ago，which seriously polluted the lake.The local people's life 2.got_into_trouble because many of them 3.made_a_living by fishing.4.In_addition_to this，Lake Tai attracted a large number of people to visit it every year.Now the government ha

5、s been 5.in_search_of ways to clean it.A lot of people have 6.filled_out their names and 7.participated_in the movement.The environment of Lake Tai has begun to 8.pick_up. B Charile thinks that practice 9.rather_than theory 10.makes_sense.Adventure on the sea is extremely dangerous，but he stil

6、l can persuade some people to join in his adventure on the sea.According to his arrangement，they 11.set_sail last year 12.in_ the_direction_of west in search of whales.On the way，he warned his fellows to 13.watch_out for sharks in case they got into trouble.Unfortunately，when they were having supper

7、，a terrifying shark took them by surprise.They fought against it using harpoons(魚叉) in their hands.With their joint efforts，they survived finally.After a month's travel on the sea，they 14.made_it_to their destination and found the whales. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．You'd better hold your peace，or you'll ask_for_tro

8、uble(自找麻煩)． 2．How beautifully she sings！I have_never_heard_a_better_voice(從未聽過這么好的嗓音)． 3．In our county now the grain output is six_times_that_of_before_liberation(解放前的六倍)． 4．I'm sorry I didn't_make_it_to (沒能)your party last night. 5．She kept_picking_up (不斷地拿起來)magazines and putting them down ag

9、ain. 課時作業(yè)B：能力層面 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019·陜西省部分學校摸底檢測)Scientists are preparing to launch the world's first machine to clean up the planet's largest mass of ocean plastic. The experts believe the machine should be able to collect half of the detritus in the patch—about 40,000 metric tons—within five years

10、.In the past few weeks they have been busy welding together giant tubes that will sit on the surface of the sea and form the skeleton of the machine，creating the largest floating barrier ever made. The system，originally dreamt up by Mr.Slat，will be shipped out this summer to the Great Pacific Garba

11、ge Patch，between Hawaii and California，which contains estimated 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic.It will be the first ever attempt to tackle the patch since it was discovered in 1997. Mr.Slat was 16 and still at school when he was diving in Greece and first saw for himself the amount of plastic pollu

12、ting the sea.“There were more bags than fish down there，” he recalls.Two years later he came up with a solution，quit university after six months and set up The Ocean Cleanup as a company.Mr.Slat says the first plastic to arrive on shore will be a major milestone.“We as humanity created this problem，

13、so I think it's also our responsibility to help solve it，” he says. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch(GPGP) covers an area of 1.6 million square kilometers and contains at least 79,000 tons of plastic，research found last month.Most of it is made up of “ghost gear”—parts of abandoned and lost fishing

14、gear，such as nets and ropes—often from illegal fishing vessels. Ghost gear kills more than 100,000 whales，dolphins and seals each year，according to scientific surveys.Seabirds and other marine life are increasingly being found dead with stomachs full of small pieces of plastic.Creatures eat plastic

15、 discarded in the sea thinking it's food but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly.Others are trapped and die of starvation or are strangled or suffocated by ghost gear. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了世界首個海洋垃圾清掃機的發(fā)明。 1．What does the underlined word in the second paragraph probably mean?

16、 A．Waste.　　　 B．Ocean. C．System. D．Machine. A　[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段畫線詞前的“collect half of”和第四段第一句中的“first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea”和第五段最后一句中的“parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear，such as nets and ropes—often from illegal fishing vessels”可推知，畫線詞的意思是“垃圾”。故選A。] 2．Which one m

17、akes up most of the garbage in Pacific from the passage? A．Fishing vessels. B．Dolphins and seals. C．Giant tubes. D．Abandoned fishing gear. D　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“Most of it is made up of ‘ghost gear’—parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear，such as nets and ropes—often from illegal fishing vessels”

18、可知，太平洋里的大部分垃圾是由廢棄的釣魚用具組成的。] 3．Why do some creatures in The Great Pacific Garbage Patch die of starvation? A．Because they are killed by ghost gear. B．Because they are suffocated by ghost gear. C．Because they don't like eating plastic. D．Because they are not feeding properly. D　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二

19、句中的“but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly”可知，大太平洋垃圾帶的一些生物死于饑餓是因為它們不能真正地進食。] 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．A report about the death of marine life. B．News about the first machine to clean up ocean plastic. C．Information about ocean plastic. D．The reason for i

20、nventing a machine. B　[主旨大意題。本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了世界首個海洋垃圾清掃機的發(fā)明。第一段“Scientists are preparing to launch the world's first machine to clean up the planet's largest mass of ocean plastic”點明了文章的主題。故選B。] B (2019·合肥市第二次教學質(zhì)量檢測)Classifying things is critical for our daily lives.For example，we have to detect sp

21、am mail(垃圾郵件)，false political news. When we use AI，such tasks are based on “classification technology” in machine learning— having the computer learn，using the boundary separating positive and negative data.For example，“positive” data would be photos including a happy face，and “negative” data photos

22、 that include a sad face.Once a classification boundary is learned，the computer can determine whether certain data are positive or negative. However，the difficulty with this technology is that it requires both positive and negative data for the learning process，and negative data are not available i

23、n many cases.For instance，when a retailer(零售商) is trying to predict who will make a purchase，they can easily find data on customers who have purchased from them (positive data)，but it is basically impossible to obtain data on customers who have never purchased from them(negative data)，since they do

24、not have access to their competitors' data. According to lead author Takashi Ishida from RIKEN AIP，“Previous classification methods could not cope with the situation where negative data were not available，but we have made it possible for computers to learn with only positive data，as long as we have

25、 a confidence score for our positive data，constructed from information such as buying intention or the active rate of app users.Using our new_method，we can let computers learn a classifier only from positive data equipped with confidence.” According to Ishida，“This discovery could expand the range

26、of applications where classification technology can be used.Even in fields where machine learning has been actively used，our classification technology could be used in new situations where only positive data can be gathered due to data regulation or business constraints(限制)．In the near future，we hop

27、e to put our technology to use in various research fields，such as natural language processing，computer vision，robotics，and bioinformatics.” 【語篇解讀】　分類對我們的日常生活至關(guān)重要。然而在分類技術(shù)機器學習過程中，分類既需要積極的數(shù)據(jù)，也需要消極的數(shù)據(jù)，而消極的數(shù)據(jù)在很多情況下是很難獲得的?，F(xiàn)在科學家能用分類技術(shù)使機器學習只識別積極的數(shù)據(jù)。 5．How can the computer distinguish the positive data fro

28、m the negative data? A．By learning the classification boundary. B．By updating the data collected regularly. C．By separating happy faces and sad ones. D．By introducing classification technology. A　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Once a classification boundary is learned，the computer can determine whether certa

29、in data are positive or negative”可知，一旦學習了分類邊界，計算機就可以確定某些數(shù)據(jù)是積極的還是消極的，由此可知，計算機是通過學習分類邊界來區(qū)分積極數(shù)據(jù)和消極數(shù)據(jù)的。] 6．Why is the example mentioned in Paragraph 2? A．To prove how important the positive data are. B．To confirm that data on customers are complete. C．To argue that retailers get their competitors' d

30、ata. D．To explain why negative data are hard to acquire. D　[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的第二段，尤其是第一句“However，the difficulty with this technology is that it requires both positive and negative data for the learning process，and negative data are not available in many cases”可知，在學習過程中，它既需要積極的數(shù)據(jù)，也需要消極的數(shù)據(jù)，而消極的數(shù)據(jù)在很多情況下是很難獲

31、得的，進而后面舉例說明解釋了為什么消極的數(shù)據(jù)很難獲得。] 7．What do the underlined words “new method” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Analyzing buying intention. B．Building a confidence score. C．Assessing the active rate of app users. D．Equipping the computer with confidence. B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的第三段，尤其是畫線詞組前一句中的“but we have made it

32、possible for computers to learn with only positive data，as long as we have a confidence score for our positive data，constructed from information such as buying intention or the active rate of app users”可推知，畫線詞組所在句表示使用這種建立信心指數(shù)的新方法，我們就可以讓電腦只用積極的數(shù)據(jù)來學習，故畫線詞組是指建立信心指數(shù)。] 8．What can be a suitable title for

33、 the text? A．The History of Classification Technology B．Smarter AI：Machine Learning Without Negative Data C．Bigger Data：Computers Assisting Language Processing D．The Comparison between Positive Data and Negative Data B　[標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，分類對我們的日常生活至關(guān)重要。然而在分類技術(shù)機器學習過程中，分類既需要積極的數(shù)據(jù)，也需要消極的數(shù)據(jù)，而消極的數(shù)據(jù)在很多情況下

34、是很難獲得的。現(xiàn)在科學家能用分類技術(shù)使機器學習只識別積極的數(shù)據(jù)。] Ⅱ.完形填空 (2019·福建省質(zhì)量檢查測試)Every year，the fifth graders at Brookstone Elementary School went on a field trip to Washington，D.C. Terence __1__ the exciting trip，and was __2__ to go the next year. Terence asked his parents __3__ if they would pay for half of the trip

35、 if he earned the other half of the money himself.His parents __4__.He had almost a year to earn $150.His first __5__ was to earn money by babysitting，and he typed a nice letter __6__ that “he would babysit during his neighbors'__7__”．He named a few afternoons available and said he would __8__ $1 pe

36、r hour per child.After five babysitting __9__，he earned $45. When the __10__ weather arrived，Terence knocked on his neighbors' doors to ask if they needed help with __11__ work.He helped with mowing(修剪) and weeding gardens.After the summer was over，he earned $75.When the fall arrived，he counted his

37、 money and __12__ that he still needed $30 for his trip.Soon his mom saw a(n) __13__ for a job for him.He got a job __14__ newspapers every Wednesday afternoon，making 5 cents for every paper，$10 __15__ each Wednesday.It wasn't long before he had __16__ money to go on the trip to Washington，D.C.He wa

38、s __17__ in time.The class trip was on October 15.His mom and dad gave him a check for the $150 they __18__ him.What a great feeling! He helped __19__ the cost of his trip. This experience __20__ Terence in many ways，making his dream a reality with great efforts. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文。小學生Terence非?？释トA盛頓

39、進行實地調(diào)查旅行，他希望自己掙一半旅費，另一半由父母資助。父母答應后，他通過幫鄰居照看小孩、修剪花園和給花園除雜草等工作攢夠了錢。 1．A.prepared for　　 B．laid out C．referred to D．heard about D　[根據(jù)空前一句可知，每年Terence所在學校的五年級學生都要去華盛頓進行實地調(diào)查旅行；結(jié)合該句中的“to go the next year”可知，Terence應該是聽說了這個激動人心的旅行，就渴望來年也去。D項意為“聽說”，故D項正確。A項意為“為……做準備”，B項意為“展開，鋪開”，C項意為“涉及”，都與語境不符。] 2．A.dyi

40、ng B．grateful C．lucky D．proud A　[參見上題解析。be dying to do sth.為固定搭配，意為“渴望做某事”，故A項正確。] 3．A.curiously B．casually C．a(chǎn)nxiously D．briefly C　[根據(jù)上文可知，Terence渴望去華盛頓進行實地調(diào)查旅行；又結(jié)合語境可知，此處表示Terence急切地問他的父母是否愿意支付他參加旅行的一半費用。C項意為“急切地，渴望地”，故C項正確。] 4．A.submitted B．a(chǎn)greed C．bargained D．refused B　[根據(jù)下文可知，他有近一年的時

41、間去掙150美元；又根據(jù)下文中的“His mom and dad gave him a check for the $150 they ________ him”可知，他的父母同意(agreed)為他支付一半的旅行費用。] 5．A.idea B．job C．conclusion D．suggestion A　[根據(jù)該句中的“to earn money by babysitting”“typed a nice letter”并結(jié)合語境可知，他的第一個主意(idea)就是通過代人臨時照看孩子來掙錢，并打了一封信，信上說(saying)在鄰居不在時他可以幫他們照看孩子。] 6．A.decla

42、ring B．confirming C．showing D．saying D　[參見上題解析。] 7．A.stay B．company C．interaction D．a(chǎn)bsence D　[absence“缺席，不在”符合語境，故D項正確。] 8．A.pay B．spend C．charge D．donate C　[根據(jù)該句中的“$1 per hour per child”并結(jié)合語境可知，Terence幫鄰居照看孩子的收費標準是每個孩子每小時一美元。C項意為“收費，開價”，故C項正確。] 9．A.negotiations B．sessions C．a(chǎn)ttempts D．i

43、nterviews B　[根據(jù)語境可知，在幫助鄰居照看五次孩子后，他賺了45美元。B項意為“一段時間”，符合語境，故B項正確。] 10．A.warm B．fine C．unusual D．changeable A　[根據(jù)下文“He helped with mowing(修剪) and weeding gardens”可知，該處指當溫暖的(warm)天氣來臨時，他敲鄰居們的門問是否需要幫忙做院子(yard)里的工作。] 11．A.yard B．paper C．school D．volunteer A　[參見上題解析。] 12．A.admitted B．determined

44、C．complained D．insisted B　[根據(jù)該句中的“he still needed $30 for his trip”和語境可知，數(shù)過錢后，他算出還需要30美元。determine“準確算出”符合語境。] 13．A.directory B．permit C．a(chǎn)dvertisement D．email C　[根據(jù)下文中他開始送報紙，并結(jié)合語境和常識可知，很快他的媽媽看到一個廣告(advertisement)，為他找到了一份工作。A項意為“名錄，電話簿”；B項意為“許可證”；D項意為“郵件”。] 14．A.editing B．updating C．printing D．

45、delivering D　[根據(jù)該句中的“newspapers every Wednesday afternoon，making 5 cents for every paper”可知，他得到了一份在每周三下午送報紙的工作，每份報紙掙5美分，每周三總共(in total)掙10美元；deliver newspapers意為“送報紙”，故D項正確。] 15．A.at once B．on time C．a(chǎn)fter all D．in total D　[參見上題解析。] 16．A.extra B．much C．enough D．easy C　[根據(jù)上文描述的他還需要30美元和他每周三送報紙

46、掙10美元可知，不久他就有足夠的(enough)錢去華盛頓旅行了。] 17．A.just B．even C．ever D．still A　[根據(jù)下文“The class trip was on October 15”可推知，秋天時他賺夠了錢，正好趕上旅行。A項意為“正好”，故A項正確。] 18．A.owed B．lent C．promised D．ordered C　[根據(jù)上文他的父母同意給他出一半的錢可知，此處表示他的父母給了之前向他承諾的150美元的支票。C項意為“承諾”，故C項正確。] 19．A.count B．cover C．estimate D．reduce B　[

47、根據(jù)上文可知，他掙了150美元，他的父母又給他150美元，所以他攢夠了足以支付自己旅行的費用。B項意為“足以支付，夠付”，符合語境，故B項正確。] 20．A.astonished B．shaped C．excited D．impressed B　[根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合選項可知，這段經(jīng)歷在很多方面塑造了(shape) Terence，他以巨大的努力使自己的夢想成為現(xiàn)實。] 課時提能練(十四) 必修3　Unit 7　The Sea(B) 課時作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面 Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．It's known to us that the earth is 49 times the size o

48、f the moon. 2．I am trying to persuade him to_quit (quit) the attempt. 3．It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall，some measuring (measure) over 90 metres. 4．The mayor presented him with a gold medal at an official city reception. 5．Charles often attempts to escape being_fined (fine) w

49、henever he breaks traffic regulations. Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．The service here is wonderful and I think we couldn't have found better place. found后加a 2．Dogs have a very good sense of smell and are often used to search of survivors in the earthquake.第二個of→for 3．Sarah made that to the airport just in time to

50、catch her plane this morning. that→it 4．Last weekend I went downtown and I had trouble find somewhere to park. find→finding 5．Bill arranged this man to show us around the museum.arranged后加for Ⅲ.完成句子 1．他能逃脫懲罰真夠幸運的。(escape) He was lucky enough to_escape_punishment/being_punished. 2．她進了廚房，想找點喝的

51、。(in search of) She went into the kitchen in_search_of_a_drink. 3．靠欺騙來謀生是錯誤的。(earn/make a living) It's wrong to earn/make_a_living_by_cheating. 4．我沒有你想象的那樣有錢。(as...as) I haven't got as_much_money_as you think. 5．突然，天空布滿了烏云，要下雨了。(all at once，be covered with) All_at_once，the_sky_was_covered_wit

52、h_dark_clouds and it was going to rain. 課時作業(yè)B：能力層面 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019·福州質(zhì)量檢查)Steve Brosnihan is the “resident cartoonist” at the Children's Hospital，who wanders from room to room drawing and chatting and doing whatever else he can think of to cheer up the sick children.During one visit，he was saying

53、 good night to a teenage patient when he had a bright idea. Steve told the teenager to look out of the window after he left.Outside，Steve flickered(閃爍) his bike light up toward the hospital.To his surprise，the teen responded，flickering his own room lights right back. Every night after that，Steve f

54、lickered his light，and more and more kids flickered back.When he mentioned it to a friend working at a restaurant，the owner said he wanted in too.He started to flicker the restaurant sign for one minute every night at 8：30.Soon enough，the customers started joining in with flashlights and cell phones

55、.Almost by accident，a simple action was changing into a powerful connection between local people and sick children. Now more than 20 groups are on board for the 8：30 p．m.flicker.Every Wednesday night，police officers line up their cars and flash them.Even boats on the river join in to give their bri

56、ght good-night wave to kids who are going through frightening situations and sleeping in a strange place. “It is all I look forward to basically all day，” says Abigail Waldron，aged ten.“It just shows you that somebody is helping you through your whole experience in the hospital.” “It would be very

57、 hard not to do this，” says Steve，“once you start.” The most powerful of all，he adds，comes from the families of children who have died.They continue to return to the hospital to flicker a light outside in support of children who are still patients. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了Steve Brosnihan在兒童醫(yī)院外向醫(yī)院閃爍車燈使

58、生病的孩子振作起來的故事，后來更多的人參與到閃爍燈光的活動中。 1．Why did Steve Brosnihan flicker his bike light? A．To get light for the hospital. B．To comfort a teenage patient. C．To inform the patients of his leaving. D．To expect a response from a teenager. B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Steve Brosnihan is...the sick children.”和最后一段中的“

59、They continue to...patients.”可以推知，Steve Brosnihan在醫(yī)院外閃爍車燈是為了使生病的孩子高興起來，是為了安慰生病的孩子。故選B項。] 2．What does the last sentence in Para.3 mean? A．A small action can make a difference. B．Actions speak louder than words. C．Love makes the world go round. D．Great minds think alike. A　[句意理解題。句子的字面意思是：幾乎是偶然間

60、，一個簡單的動作正在變?yōu)楫數(shù)厝撕蜕〉暮⒆觽冎g的強有力的紐帶。再根據(jù)本段中提到的Steve Brosnihan把自己所做的事告訴朋友后帶來的影響可以推出A選項(一個小小的動作可以產(chǎn)生影響)符合文意。] 3．What can we learn from Waldron's words? A．He likes to flicker lights. B．He is frightened of treatment. C．He gets warmth from the lights. D．He likes the boat light. C　[推理判斷題。Waldron所說的話的意思是：基

61、本上來講這是“我”一整天所期待的，那完全向你表明了有人正在幫你度過你在醫(yī)院的那段難熬的時間。再根據(jù)上下文可知，閃爍燈光這件事是為了使生病住院的孩子們高興起來，Waldron表達的意思是閃爍燈光這件事對生病的他來說，是有所期待的，使自己感受到了幫助，得到了溫暖，故答案為C選項。] 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Treatment for Sick Children B．A Warmhearted Cartoonist C．The Powerful Lights D．Lights Flicke

62、ring in the Hospital C　[標題歸納題。縱觀整篇文章可知，Steve Brosnihan偶然有一個在醫(yī)院外面向醫(yī)院閃爍車燈以使生病的孩子高興起來的想法，之后在實施該想法的過程中，得到了越來越多生病的孩子的回應，并且后來，更多的人參與到該活動中。再根據(jù)最后兩段內(nèi)容可知，這個行為影響很大，C選項能夠突出主題，故選C。] B Since 1985，Johnny Jennings,86，has been selling newspapers and magazines to a recycling center with his son.By the time Jenning

63、s' only child was 17，he stopped joining his father.Even though his son is all grown up now，Jennings hasn't slowed down his efforts.In fact，he has turned his recycling money into something bigger. Jennings visits local churches and businesses to collect paper，which he brings to a recycling center fo

64、r money.But instead of putting those earnings in his own bank account，he sends every dollar to Georgia Baptist Children's Homes & Family Ministries.Once a year，he'll give the organization a check somewhere between $10,000 and $35,000.By 2016，that tallied up to $400,000. These days，Jennings' recycli

65、ng has turned into a community effort.After he has made his own rounds recycling paper from businesses and churches，he'll find more items waiting for him at home.Community members drop off other recyclables at his house so he can sell them，along with books，food，clothes，and other items to give away.

66、 Recycling centers typically pay just one-half to three cents per pound of paper，but Jennings' visits have added up the big time.In 2016 alone，he sold more than 400,000 pounds of paper and 51,000 aluminum cans(鋁罐)，and collected more than 32,000 pennies.Over the course of 32 years he has recycled more than 9.8 million pounds of paper，saving an estimated 79,000 trees in the process. Jennings says he'll continue raising money for charity as long as his health allows. 【語篇解讀】　文章講述了樂于助人的Johnny Jenni